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16th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing

作者： Chen, Fu-Kun Su, Bo-Kai Jou, Yue-Dar Southern Taiwan Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Tainan Taiwan ROC Mil Academy Dept Elect Engn Kaohsiung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424432974

The algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP) algorithm, due to low complexity and high quality in its analysis-by-synthesis (AbS) optimization, has been adopted by many speech coding standards. In this paper, the scalability of computational complexity to the global pulse replacement search method for ACELP is proposed. In addition, the proposed method can achieve the lowest computational complexity with perceptually negligible degradation. Based on the standard subjective and objective quality measurements, the experimental results reflect the facts.

关键词： Speech coding ACELP stochastic codebook global pulse replacement complexity scalability

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complexity scalability for ACELP and MP-MLQ speech coders

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION AND SYSTEMS 2002年第1期E85D卷 255-263页

作者： Chen, FK Yang, JF Lin, YP Natl Cheng Kung Univ Dept Elect Engn Tainan 70101 Taiwan

For multimedia communications, the computational scalability of a multimedia codec is required to match with different working platforms and integrated services of media sources. In this paper, two condensed stochastic codebook search approaches are proposed to progressively reduce the computation required for the algebraic code excited linear predictive (ACELP) and multi-pulse maximum likelihood quantization (MP-MLQ) coders. By reducing the candidates of the codebook before search procedure, the proposed methods can effectively diminish the computation required for the ITU-T G.723.1 dual rate speech coder. Simulation results show that the proposed methods can save over 50 percent. for the stochastic codebook search with perceptually intangible degradation in speech quality.

关键词： speech coding ACELP MP-MLQ complexity scalability

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MACROBLOCK SAMPLING AND MODE RANKING FOR complexity scalability IN MOBILE H.264 VIDEO CODING

MACROBLOCK SAMPLING AND MODE RANKING FOR COMPLEXITY SCALABIL...

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16th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： da Fonseca, Tiago A. de Queiroz, Ricardo L. Univ Brasilia Dept Elect Engn Brasilia DF Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781424456536

We propose a framework for complexity scalability in H.264. The prediction is constrained so that only a subset of prediction modes are tested. The test subset is found by ranking the most "popular" modes (those the are most often picked as best) and selecting the modes that maximize their expected occurrence frequency given a complexity constraint. Ranking is performed by selecting a small set of macroblocks (the sampling population), for which all modes are tested. The remaining macroblocks only test the available dominant modes. The modes in the sampling population of a frame are used to process the next frame. Results are shown to verify the performance of the proposed method, which reveals sizeable complexity savings at small penalties.

关键词： H.264/AVC mode decision complexity scalability mobile video coding

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MPEG-2 to WMV transcoder with adaptive error compensation and dynamic switches

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2006年第12期16卷 1460-1476页

作者： Shen, Guobin He, Yuwen Cao, Wanyong Li, Shipeng Microsoft Res Asia Beijing 100088 Peoples R China Panason Res Lab Singapore 440001 Singapore

In this paper, we study the problem of video transcoding from MPEG-2 to Windows Media Video (WMV) format, together with several desired functionalities such as bit-rate reduction and spatial resolution downscaling. Based on in-depth analysis of error propagation behavior, we propose two architectures (for different typical application scenarios) that are unique in their, complexity scalability and adaptive drifting error control, which in return provide a mechanism to achieve a desired tradeoff between complexity and quality. We perform extensive experiments for various design targets such as complexity, scalability, performance tradeoff, and drifting control effect. The proposed transcoding architectures can be straightforwardly applied to the MPEG-2 to MPEG-4 transcoding applications due to the significant overlap between the MPEG-4 and WMV coding technology.

关键词： Adaptive drifting error control complexity scalability error accumulation error compensation MPEG-2 to MPEG-4 transcoding MPEG-2 to Windows Media Video (WMV) transcoding transcoding

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A bargaining theoretic approach to quality-fair system resource allocation for multiple decoding tasks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2008年第4期18卷 453-466页

作者： Mastronarde, Nicholas H. van der Schaar, Mihaela Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Elect & Comp Engn Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

In this paper, we propose a new resource allocation framework for multimedia systems that perform multiple simultaneous video decoding tasks. We jointly consider the available system resources (e.g., processor cycles) and the video decoding task's characteristics such as the sequence's content, the bit-rate, and the group of pictures (GOP) structure, in order to determine a fair and optimal resource allocation. To this end, we derive a quality-complexity model that determines the quality [in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR)] that a task can achieve given a certain system resource allocation. We use these quality-complexity models to determine a quality-fair and Pareto-optimal resource allocation using the Kalai-Smorodinski Bargaining Solution (KSBS) from axiomatic bargaining theory. The KSBS explicitly considers the resulting multimedia quality when performing a resource allocation and distributes quality-domain penalties proportional to the difference between each video decoding task's maximum and minimum quality requirements. We compare the KSBS with other fairness policies in the literature and find that, because it explicitly considers multimedia quality, it provides significantly fairer resource allocations in terms of the resulting PSNR compared with policies that operate solely in the resource domain. To weight the quality impact of the resource allocations to the different decoding tasks depending on application-specific requirements or user preferences, we generalize the existing KSBS solution by introducing bargaining powers based on each video sequence's motion and texture characteristics.

关键词： bargaining powers complexity scalability Kalai-Smorodinski bargaining solution multimedia systems quality-complexity models system resource management video decoding complexity

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Adaptive motion-compensation fine-granular-scalability (AMC-FGS) for wireless video

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2002年第6期12卷 360-371页

作者： van der Schaar, M Radha, H Philips Res Labs USA Briarcliff Manor NY 10510 USA Michigan State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Coll Engn E Lansing MI 48824 USA

Transmission of video over wireless and mobile networks requires a scalable solution that is capable of adapting to the varying channel conditions in real-time (bit-rate scalability). Furthermore, video content needs to be coded in a scalable fashion to match the capabilities of a variety of devices (complexity scalability). These two properties-bit rate and complexity scalability-provide the flexibility that is necessary to satisfy the "Anywhere, Anytime, and Anyone" network paradigm of wireless systems. Meanwhile, MPEG-4 fine-granular-scalability (FGS) has been introduced as a flexible low-complexity solution for video streaming over heterogeneous networks (e.g., the Internet and wireless networks). FGS is also highly resilient to packet losses. However, the flexibility and packet-loss resilience associated with the FGS framework come at the expense of decreased coding efficiency compared with nonscalable coding. In this paper, a novel scalable video-coding framework and corresponding compression methods for wireless video streaming is introduced. Building on the FGS approach, the proposed framework, which we refer to as adaptive motion-compensation FGS (AMC-FGS), provides improved video quality of up to 2 dB. Furthermore, the new scalability structures provide the FGS framework with the flexibility to provide tradeoffs between resilience, higher coding efficiency and terminal complexity for more efficient wireless transmission.

关键词： bit-rate scalability complexity scalability FGS scalable video universal multimedia access wireless video

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Power-rate-distortion analysis for wireless video communication under energy constraints

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2005年第5期15卷 645-658页

作者： He, ZH Liang, YF Chen, LL Ahmad, I Wu, DP Univ Missouri Dept Elect & Comp Engn Columbia MO 65211 USA Univ Texas Dept Comp Sci Arlington TX 76019 USA Sarnoff Corp Princeton NJ 08543 USA Univ Florida Dept Elect & Comp Engn Gainesville FL 32611 USA

Mobile devices performing video coding and streaming over wireless and pervasive communication networks are limited in energy supply. To prolong the operational lifetime of these devices, an embedded video encoding system should be able to adjust its computational complexity and energy consumption as demanded by the situation and its environment. To analyze, control, and optimize the rate-distortion (R-D) behavior of the wireless video communication system under the energy constraint, we develop a power-rate-distortion (P-R-D) analysis framework, which extends the traditional R-D analysis by including another dimension, the power consumption. Specifically, in this paper, we analyze the encoding mechanism of typical video coding systems, and develop a parametric video encoding architecture which is fully scalable in computational complexity. Using dynamic voltage scaling (DVS), an energy consumption management technology recently developed in CMOS circuits design, the complexity scalability can be translated into the energy consumption scalability of the video encoder. We investigate the R-D behavior of the complexity control parameters and establish an analytic P-R-D model. Both theoretically and experimentally, we show that, using this P-R-D model, the video coding system is able to automatically adjust its complexity control parameters to match the available energy supply of the mobile device while maximizing the picture quality. The P-R-D model provides a theoretical guideline for system design and performance optimization in mobile video communication under energy constraints.

关键词： energy consumption rate-distortion (R-D) analysis wireless video complexity scalability

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complexity Control of High Efficiency Video Encoders for Power-Constrained Devices

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2011年第4期57卷 1866-1874页

作者： Correa, Guilherme Assuncao, Pedro Agostini, Luciano da Silva Cruz, Luis A. Univ Coimbra Fac Sci & Technol Dept Elect & Comp Engn P-3030290 Coimbra Portugal Polo II Univ Coimbra IT P-3030290 Coimbra Portugal Polytech Inst Leiria P-2411901 Leiria Portugal IT P-2411901 Morro Lena Alto Vieiro Leiria Portugal Univ Fed Pelotas Grp Architectures & Integrated Circuits BR-96010900 Pelotas RS Brazil

The emerging High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard is expected to require much more processing power than its predecessors due to the higher algorithmic complexity of new coding tools and associated data structures. This paper proposes a novel complexity control method for the near future HEVC encoders running on power-constrained devices. The proposed method is based on a decision algorithm that dynamically adjusts the depth of the Coding Units (CU) defined by quad-tree structures. New evidence about the relationship between CU depth and coding complexity is used to selectively constrain the CU depth in order to not exceed a predefined complexity target. The experimental results show that the encoder computational complexity can be downscaled by up to 60% at the cost of negligible loss of rate-distortion (RD) performance. The proposed method finds application in the near future multimedia portable devices using HEVC codecs(1).

关键词： complexity control complexity scalability High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Coding Unit (CU)

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A complexity-Scalable Hybrid H.264/AVC-to-SVC Transcoder

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2013年第3期59卷 672-680页

作者： Van Leuven, Sebastiaan De Cock, Jan Van Wallendael, Glenn Garrido-Cantos, Rosario Van de Walle, Rik Ghent Univ iMinds Multimedia Lab Res Grp Dept Elect & Informat Syst ELIS B-9050 Ledeberg Ghent Belgium Univ Castilla La Mancha Albacete Res Inst Informat Albacete Spain

Transcoding of H.264/AVC bitstreams is frequently used for adapting video streams to varying network conditions or different end-user device characteristics. Transcoding requires a relatively high complexity (and thus high operational cost) for each adaptation operation, and possibly reduces the video quality. In comparison, transcoding the input bitstream to SVC requires only one adaptation step. Afterwards, the resulting SVC bitstream can be adapted instantly. To reduce the H.264/AVC-to-SVC transcoding complexity, a transcoding architecture which combines existing open-loop transcoding techniques with optimized closed-loop transcoding is proposed. Furthermore, this approach allows to scale the complexity of the system. Doing so, compared with a cascaded decoder-encoder only 8.48% of the complexity is required for the highest complexity, while a high rate-distortion efficiency is maintained and a high degree of scalability is guaranteed. When only limited resources are available, the transcoding complexity can be scaled such that over 99% of the complexity is reduced compared to a cascaded decoder-encoder(1).

关键词： H.264/AVC-to-SVC transcoding CGS complexity scalability hybrid transcoding

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complexity-SCALABLE VIDEO CODING AND POWER-RATE-DISTORTION MODELING FOR WIRELESS VIDEO CHAT APPLICATIONS

COMPLEXITY-SCALABLE VIDEO CODING AND POWER-RATE-DISTORTION M...

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IEEE International Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP)

作者： Chuah, Seong-Ping Chen, Zhenzhong Tan, Yap-Peng Nanyang Technol Univ Sch EEE Singapore Singapore Wuhan Univ Wuhan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479902880

Wireless video chat is a power-consuming and of high bitrate application. To prolong the operational lifetime, optimal rate and power allocations in joint coding and transmission are necessary. We exploit low motion and high inter-frame correlation in video chats to determine a complexity-scalable video coding adaptation which is Pareto optimal. We propose a model that describes power-rate-distortion (PRD) characteristic of the complexity scalable video coding more accurately. As video contents are non-stationary, we formulate an online algorithm for the model's parameters updates. We demonstrate that the PRD model with online updates can be applied to solve the rate and power allocation problem optimally in joint coding and transmission. Simulation results confirm that the model describes PRD characteristics more accurately via online recursive updates. The resource allocation scheme which is based on the PRD model yields better video quality than recent methods in a resource-constrained wireless video chat application.

关键词： complexity scalability video coding rate and power allocation wireless video chats

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