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Low complexity index-compressed vector quantization for image compression

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 1999年第1期45卷 219-224页

作者： Hu, YC Chang, CC Natl Chung Cheng Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Chaiyi 621 Taiwan

This paper proposes a novel lossless index compression algorithm that explores the interblock correlation in the index domain and the property of the codebook ordering. The goal of this algorithm is to improve the performance of the VQ scheme at low bit rate while keeping low computation complexity. In this algorithm, the closest codeword in the codebook is searched for each input vector. Then, the resultant index is compared with the previously encoded indices in a predefined search order to see whether the same index value can be found in the neighboring region. Besides, the relative addressing technique is employed to encode the current index if the same index value can not be found in the neighboring region. According to the experimental results, the newly proposed algorithm achieves significant reduction of bit rate without introducing extra coding distortion. It is concluded that our algorithm is very efficient and effective for image vector quantization.

关键词： Vector quantization Image coding Bit rate Computational efficiency Decoding Image quality Computer science compression algorithms Digital images Image reconstruction

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Internet telephony compression algorithms

Internet telephony compression algorithms

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Communications, Power and Computing Conference: WESCANEX

作者： K. Sundstrom A. Rueda R.D. McLeod Telecommunications Research Laboratory Winnipeg Canada

Internet telephony is the technology that allows for the transmission of digitized voice signals over the lnternet. The Internet telephony market has exploded since March of 1995 and continues to grow with the distribution of Internet telephone applications via the two leading Web browsers; Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer. The technology needs to be studied in order to determine the effect of Internet telephony on network performance and to determine how telco quality sound can be achieved on the Internet. This paper provides an evaluation of the compression algorithms currently being used in Internet telephony, in terms of network performance and user perceived sound quality.

关键词： Internet telephony compression algorithms GSM Bandwidth Communication standards IP networks Measurement Delay Navigation Speech analysis

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Analysis of structured excitation codebooks used in CELP speech compression algorithms

Analysis of structured excitation codebooks used in CELP spe...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers

作者： W.R. Gardner LSI Logic Wireless Design Center Carlsbad CA USA

This paper presents an analysis of different suboptimal codebook excitation schemes used in code-excited linear prediction (CELP) speech compression algorithms. The problem of low rate, shape-gain vector quantization is formulated. Analyses of pulse codebooks, circularly recursive codebooks, algebraic codebooks, and vector sum codebooks are presented.

关键词： Speech analysis Algorithm design and analysis compression algorithms Vector quantization Testing Energy measurement Noise measurement Signal to noise ratio Large scale integration Logic design

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Two results in text compression algorithms

Two results in text compression algorithms

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： L. Wong V.K. Wei R.W. Yeung Department of Information Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

We present two results on text compression. One is a general framework incorporating the context sorting algorithm and the LZ77 algorithm. The other is a pre-processor to block sorting which improves its performance w... 详细信息

关键词： compression algorithms Sorting Frequency Iterative decoding Arithmetic Algorithm design and analysis Data compression

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A single-chip HDTV A/V decoder for low cost DTV receiver

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 1999年第3期45卷 887-893页

作者： Bae, SO Kim, S Min, SJ Kim, W Min, CH LG Corp Inst Technol DSP Grp Seoul South Korea

In this paper, a single chip HDTV decoder is presented which drastically cut down the cost of HDTV receiver. The cost reduction is achieved by integration of system parser, down-converting video decoder, and multi-mode audio decoder. System designers can also benefit from the features of our decoder which requires only 4Mbytes of SDRAMs(Synchronous DRAM) for decoding HDTV signal and various system-level functions such as IEEE 1394 bus interface, (IC)-C-2 bus controller and on-chip clock recovery function.

关键词： Decoding Costs Digital TV HDTV Video compression Bandwidth Control systems Monitoring Memory management compression algorithms

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A pointed look at the point-to-point protocol

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IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING 1999年第4期3卷 85-+页

作者： Metz, C Cisco Systems

While players like TCP and RSVP are usually considered the "stars" in the theater of Internet protocols, perhaps the most pervasive, extensible, underpublicized, and underappreciated protocol within the IP s... 详细信息

关键词： Protocols Authentication Payloads Encapsulation Displays compression algorithms Monitoring Data security Cryptography

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Runlength compression techniques for FPGA configurations

Runlength compression techniques for FPGA configurations

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Annual IEEE Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)

作者： S. Hauck W.D. Wilson Department of ECE Northwestern University Evanston IL USA

The time it takes to reconfigure FPGAs can be a significant overhead for reconfigurable computing. In this paper we develop new compression algorithms for FPGA configurations that can significantly reduce this overhead. By using runlength and other compression techniques, files can be compressed by a factor of 3.6 times. Bus transfer and decompression hardware are also discussed. This results in a single compression methodology which achieves higher compression ratios than existing algorithms in an off-line version, as well as a somewhat lower quality compression approach which is suitable for on-line use in dynamic circuit generation and other mapping-time critical situations.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Data compression Hardware Random access memory Encoding compression algorithms Circuits Computer architecture High performance computing Data buses

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A VLSI chip for wavelet image compression

A VLSI chip for wavelet image compression

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： M. Schwarzenberg M. Traber M. Scholles R. Schuffny Fraunhofer-Institute of Microelectronic Circuits and Systems (FhG-IMS) Dresden Germany Chair of Highly Parallel VLSI-Systems and Neuromicroelectronics Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany

We have designed a VLSI chip for wavelet image compression which is especially suited for CCD area sensors as well as for new technology approaches in CMOS image sensors. The design has been developed for maximal resolutions of 3072 times 2048 pixels. The used compression algorithm gives a PSNR (peak signal to noise ratio) of up to 39 dB at 1 bit/pixel for common test images.

关键词： Very large scale integration Image coding CMOS image sensors PSNR Charge coupled devices Charge-coupled image sensors CMOS technology Signal resolution compression algorithms Pixel

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Towards a calibrated corpus for compression testing

Towards a calibrated corpus for compression testing

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Data compression Conference (DCC)

作者： M.R. Titchener P.M. Fenwick M.C. Chen Department of Computer Science University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand

Summary form only given. A mini-corpus of twelve 'calibrated' binary-data files have been produced for systematic evaluation of compression algorithms. These are generated within the framework of a deterministic theory of string complexity. Here the T-complexity of a string x (measured in taugs) is defined as C/sub T/(x/sub i/)=/spl Sigma//sub i/log/sub 2/(k/sub i/+1), where the positive integers k/sub i/ are the T-expansion parameters for the corresponding string production process. C/sub T/(x) is observed to be the logarithmic integral of the total information content I/sub x/ of x (measured in nats), i.e., C/sub T/(x)=li(I/sub x/). The average entropy is H~/sub x/=I/sub x//|x|, i.e., the total information content divided by the length of x. Thus C/sub T/(x)=li(H~/sub x//spl times/|x|). Alternatively, the information rate along a string may be described by an entropy function H/sub x/(n),0/spl les/n/spl les/|x| for the string. Assuming that H/sub x/(n) is continuously integrable along the length of the x, then I/sub x/=/spl int//sub 0//sup |/x|H/sub x/(n)/spl delta/n. Thus C/sub T/(x)=li(/spl int//sub 0//sup |/x|H/sub x/(n)/spl delta/n). Solving for H/sub x/(n): that is differentiating both sides and rearranging, we get: H/sub x/(n)=(/spl delta/C/sub T/(x|n)//spl delta/n)/spl times/log/sub e/(li/sup -1/(C/sub T/(x|/sub n/))). With x being in fact discrete, and the T-complexity function being computed in terms of the discrete T-augmentation steps, we may accordingly re-express the equation in terms of the T-prefix increments: /spl delta/n/spl ap//spl Delta//sub i/|x|=k/sub i/|p/sub i/|; and from the definition of C/sub T/(x): /spl delta/C/sub T/(x) is replaced by /spl Delta//sub i/C/sub T/(x)=log/sub 2/(k/sub i/+1). The average slope over the i-th T-prefix p/sub i/ increment is then simply (/spl Delta//sub i/C/sub T/(x))/(/spl Delta//sub i/|x|)=(log/sub 2/(k/sub i/+1))/(k/sub i/|p/sub i/|). The entropy function is now replaced by a discrete approximation.

关键词： Testing Entropy Tin Compressors Computer science compression algorithms Production Network address translation Information rates Logic

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MPEG-4 visual texture coding: more than just compression

MPEG-4 visual texture coding: more than just compression

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)

作者： L. Moccagatta H. Chen Rockwell Science Center Inc. Thousand Oaks CA USA

The MPEG-4 visual texture coding (VTC) is a wavelet-based image coder that was created in the context of synthetic and natural hybrid coding (SNHC) to support applications that demand high-quality, efficient, and scalable textures. This paper provides an overview of various MPEG-4 VTC techniques and the functionalities supported by these techniques.

关键词： MPEG 4 Standard Scalability Quantization Shape Image coding Wavelet coefficients compression algorithms Spatial resolution Application software Communication industry

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