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检索条件"主题词=compression algorithms"

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A compression-Based Hybrid MLC/SLC Management Technique for Phase-Change Memory Systems

A Compression-Based Hybrid MLC/SLC Management Technique for ...

引用

IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI

作者： Hyung Gyu Lee Seungcheol Baek Jongman Kim Chrysostomos Nicopoulos School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus

The storage density of PCM has been demonstrated to double through the employment of Multi-Level Cell (MLC) PCM arrays. However, this increase in capacity comes at the expense of increased latency (both read and write) and decreased long-term endurance, as compared to the more conventional Single-Level Cell (SLC) PCM. These negative traits of MLCs detract from the potentially invaluable storage benefits. This paper introduces a compression-based hybrid MLC/SLC PCM management technique that aims to combine the performance edge of SLCs with the higher capacity of MLCs in a hybrid environment. Our trace-driven simulations with real application workloads demonstrate that the proposed technique achieves 3.6X performance enhancement and 72% energy reduction, on average, as compared with MLC-only configurations, while always providing the same effective capacity as the MLC-only mode.

关键词： Phase change materials Memory management Microprocessors Resistance compression algorithms Engines

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Threshold compression for 3G scalable monitoring

Threshold compression for 3G scalable monitoring

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IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE Computer and Communications Societies

作者： Suk-Bok Lee Dan Pei MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi Ioannis Pefkianakis Songwu Lu He Yan Zihui Ge Jennifer Yates Mario Kosseifi Carnegie Mellon University USA AT and T Laboratories USA University of Maryland USA UCLA USA AT and T Network Services USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467307734;9781467307758

We study the problem of scalable monitoring of operational 3G wireless networks. Threshold-based performance monitoring in large 3G networks is very challenging for two main factors: large network scale and dynamics in both time and spatial domains. A fine-grained threshold setting (e.g., perlocation hourly) incurs prohibitively high management complexity, while a single static threshold fails to capture the network dynamics, thus resulting in unacceptably poor alarm quality (up to 70% false/miss alarm rates). In this paper, we propose a scalable monitoring solution, called threshold-compression that can characterize the location- and time-specific threshold trend of each individual network element (NE) with minimal threshold setting. The main insight is to identify groups of NEs with similar threshold behaviors across location and time dimensions, forming spatial-temporal clusters to reduce the number of thresholds while maintaining acceptable alarm accuracy in a large-scale 3G network. Our evaluations based on the operational experience on a commercial 3G network have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed solution. We are able to reduce the threshold setting up to 90% with less than 10% false/miss alarms.

关键词： Monitoring Accuracy Throughput Clustering algorithms Complexity theory Downlink compression algorithms

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Investigating Randomness of the LZSS compression Algorithm

Investigating Randomness of the LZSS Compression Algorithm

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International Conference on Computer Science and Service System (CSSS)

作者： Weiling Chang Xiaochun Yun Nanning Li Xiuguo Bao National Computer Network and Information Security Management Center Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467307215

Random Number Generators play a critical role in a number of important applications. In practice, statistical testing is employed to gather evidence that a generator indeed produces numbers that appear to be random. In this paper, we address the issue on the random property of compressed data via LZSS compression algorithm. Our test results suggest that the output of LZSS has bad randomness. We also investigate the randomization methods using the LZSS. A pseudo-random sequence generator (PRNG), L12RC4, inspired by the LZSS compression algorithm and RC4 stream cipher, was presented and implemented. The result of the NIST and Diehard test suite indicate that the L12RC4 is a good PRNG, and so it seems to be sound and may be suitable for use in some cryptographic applications. We also found that the probability distribution of the index value frequency is associated with the compression pass and INDEX_BIT_COUNT value. As for one pass mode, the greater INDEX_BIT_COUNT value, the more uniformly distributed, and the double pass mode has better uniformity than the one pass mode.

关键词： Generators NIST Indexes Probability distribution Cryptography compression algorithms Data compression

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Dynamic bounded-error data compression and aggregation in wireless sensor network

Dynamic bounded-error data compression and aggregation in wi...

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IEEE SENSORS

作者： Yu-Hao Chen Niang-Ying Huang Yu-Hsien Chu Meng-Han Li Ray-I Chang Chia-Hui Wang Department of Engineering Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering Ming Chuan University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781457717666

Energy supply is the critical issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), as the transmission of the data is the largest energy consumption especially. Our previous work, BEDCA, shows that the power consumption and information loss could be balanced by bounded-error compression and aggregation. The error bound is equally assigned to each node. However, this error distribution rule may be unpractical due to the node degrees incident to each sensor are not equivalent. In this paper, we propose D-BEDCA which improves BEDCA by assigning the error bound dynamically according to the structure of WSNs. It stresses on the coefficient of variation (CV) from datasets to set the fitted error bound to each node. We design four different proportions to assign the error bound for comparisons. The experiments show that the power consumption of transmission can be reduced when the error bound is assigned in according to the data correlation. When the error bound is set as 6% (the error rate is about 0.5 bit-perbyte), D-BEDCA can reduce over 47% transmission data than BEDCA.

关键词： Correlation Wireless sensor networks Tin Data compression compression algorithms Electrocardiography Data communication

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Open source algorithm for storage area and temporally optimized run length coding for image compression technology used in biomedical imaging

Open source algorithm for storage area and temporally optimi...

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International Conference on Open Source Systems and Technologies (ICOSST)

作者： Muhammad Bilal Akhtar Qamar-ul-Islam Department of Communication Systems Engineering Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan

The objective of this paper is to prove the significance of the optimized run length coding algorithm for biomedical imaging technology and open source the idea behind the optimized algorithm in a comprehensive way. An optimized scheme for entropy encoding part of JPEG image compression by modifying the run length encoding method has been provided by the authors for a Space Research Program at Institute of Space technology (IST). The same has been observed to produce a large amount of saving in terms of memory required for Biomedical compressed images. In JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) image compression algorithm run length coding performs the actual compression by removing the redundancy from transformed and quantized image data. Using the fact that the preceding processes of run length coding produces a large number of zeros the original run length coding uses an ordered pair (a, b), where `a' is the length of consecutive zeros preceding the ASCII character `b'. The proposed run length encoding scheme removes the unintended redundancy by using an ordered pair only when a zero occurs. The proposed encoding scheme does not alter the PSNR value for the algorithm. Using Matlab simulation, the proposed scheme has been tested on various biomedical images over a range of quantization (quality) factor and the results confirmed the effectiveness of the new run length encoding scheme in reducing the run length encoded data size and processing time delay.

关键词： Image coding Transform coding Quantization Discrete cosine transforms Algorithm design and analysis Biomedical imaging compression algorithms

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ZIP-IO: Architecture for application-specific compression of Big Data

ZIP-IO: Architecture for application-specific compression of...

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IEEE International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT)

作者： Sang Woo Jun Kermin E. Fleming Michael Adler Joel Emer Computation Structures Group Massachusetts Institute of Technology VSSAD Group Intel Corporation

We have entered the “Big Data” age: scaling of networks and sensors has led to exponentially increasing amounts of data. compression is an effective way to deal with many of these large data sets, and application-specific compression algorithms have become popular in problems with large working sets. Unfortunately, these compression algorithms are often computationally difficult and can result in application-level slow-down when implemented in software. To address this issue, we investigate ZIP-IO, a framework for FPGA-accelerated compression. Using this system we demonstrate that an unmodified industrial software workload can be accelerated 3× while simultaneously achieving more than 1000× compression in its data set.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Hardware compression algorithms Computational modeling Computer architecture Operating systems

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Content dependent effect of H.264/AVC video compression on CT image quality

Content dependent effect of H.264/AVC video compression on C...

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International Conference on e-health Networking, Applications and Services (HealthCom)

作者： Lawrence W.C. Chan Derek So Yolanda Shiu David Sin Ben Chan Tao Chan Department of Health Technology and Informatics Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Department of diagnostic radiology Medical Imaging Department Union Hospital University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Image compression helps perfecting the utilization of limited storage and network resources for medical imaging. In many recent studies, H.264 video compression was deemed to be a promising option. This study was the first of its kind in studying the effect of H.264 compression on the image quality of the CT abdominal images acquired in 12-bit density resolution. In this study, 67 sets of abdominal CT scans were used for quantitative image quality analysis, and indicated that the H.264 algorithm worked on a content dependent manner, especially at high compression levels.

关键词： Image coding Image quality Computed tomography PSNR Diseases Biomedical imaging compression algorithms

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Approaching optimal compression with fast update for large scale routing tables 12

Approaching optimal compression with fast update for large s...

引用

International Workshop on Quality of Service

作者： Tong Yang Bo Yuan Shenjiang Zhang Ting Zhang Ruian Duan Yi Wang Bin Liu Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467312981

With the fast development of Internet, the size of routing tables in the backbone routers keeps a rapid growth in recent years. An effective solution to control the memory occupation of the ever-increased huge routing table is the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) compression. Existing optimal FIB compression algorithm ORTC suffers from high computational complexity and poor update performance, due to the loss of essential structure information during its compression process. To address this problem, we present two suboptimal FIB compression algorithms - EAR-fast and EAR-slow, respectively, based on our proposed Election and Representative (EAR) algorithm which is an optimal FIB compression algorithm. The two suboptimal algorithms preserve the structure information, and support fast incremental updates while reducing computational complexity. Experiments on an 18-month real data set show that compared with ORTC, the proposed EAR-fast algorithm requires only 9.8% compression time and 37.7% memory space, but supports faster update while prolonging the recompression interval remarkably. All these performance advantages come at a cost of merely a 1.5% loss in compression ratio compared with the theoretical optimal ratio.

关键词： Nominations and elections Ear Routing compression algorithms Solids Complexity theory Algorithm design and analysis

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compression of magnetocardiograms using the Discrete Wavelet Transform

Compression of magnetocardiograms using the Discrete Wavelet...

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International Symposium on Electronics and Telecommunications (ISETC)

作者： Beatrice Arvinti Marius Costache Ronny Stolz Department of Physical Foundations of Engineering “Politehnica” University of Timisoara timisoara Romania Department of Quantum Detection Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) jena Germany

The paper presents a compression algorithm based on wavelets applied to magnetocardiograms (MCG). MCGs are a newly developed tool for diagnosis of heart diseases, which enable recording of data using sensitive contactless transducers based on Superconductive Interference Devices (SQUID). The acquisition system presented has been developed at the Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) in Jena, Germany and several processing techniques based on wavelets have been tested. Wireless technology allows nowadays a remote monitoring of data, and compression techniques have to be developed to enable the storage and handling of a significant quantity of data. A compression technique based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform has been proposed, optimized and its performance evaluated. The method takes into consideration parameters of the input MCG, being thus adaptive. The influence of several features of the algorithm, like mother wavelets, number of vanishing moments, number of decomposition levels, are tested so as to optimize the performances. Results are provided for comparison with other results reported in literature.

关键词： Electrocardiography compression algorithms Discrete wavelet transforms Magnetic recording Superconducting magnets

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Optimization of an electrocardiogram compression technique based on wavelets

Optimization of an electrocardiogram compression technique b...

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International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment, OPTIM

作者： Beatrice Arvinti Alexandru Isar Dumitru Toader Marius Costache Physical Foundations of Engineering Polytechnic University of Timisoara Timisoara Romania Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications Polytechnic University of Timisoara Timisoara Romania

The paper presents the performance of a compression technique designed for electrocardiograms which is of interest due to the actual development of remote monitoring systems. The algorithm is based on wavelets and has been tested on an extended database to outline the performances and enable evaluation. Several features, like class of mother wavelets, number of vanishing moments and quantization level have been taken into consideration, the main aim of the paper being to define an optimization algorithm to allow the implementation of the compression technique in an automated system.

关键词： Electrocardiography Signal to noise ratio Databases Discrete wavelet transforms compression algorithms Optimization Distortion measurement

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