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The Design and Operation of Digital Platform under Sociotechnical Folk Theories

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Suchow, Jordan W. Burton, Lea Ashrafimoghari, Vahid Stevens Institute of Technology United States

We consider the problem of how a platform designer, owner, or operator can improve the design and operation of a digital platform by leveraging a computational cognitive model that represents users' folk theories about the platform as a sociotechnical system. We do so in the context of Reddit, a social-media platform whose owners and administrators make extensive use of shadowbanning, a non-transparent content moderation mechanism that filters a user's posts and comments so that they cannot be seen by fellow community members or the public. After demonstrating that the design and operation of Reddit have led to an abundance of spurious first-party suspicions of shadowbanning in cases where the mechanism was not in fact invoked, we develop a computational cognitive model of users' folk theories about the antecedents and consequences of shadowbanning that predicts when users will attribute their on-platform observations to a shadowban. The model is then used to evaluate the capacity of interventions available to a platform designer, owner, and operator to reduce the incidence of these false suspicions. We conclude by considering the implications of this approach for the design and operation of digital platforms at large. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： computation theory

computational Model Development and Validation of Fuel Dispersal Behavior Under Loss-of-Coolant Accident Conditions

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SSRN

SSRN 2023年

作者： Moharana, Avinash Shi, Shanbin Howard, Trevor Marcum, Wade Spencer, Benjamin W. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street TroyNY12180 United States Oregon State University 116 Radiation Center CorvallisOR97330 United States Idaho National Laboratory P.O. Box 1625 Idaho FallsID83415 United States

Fuel fragmentation, relocation and dispersal studies play a vital role in ensuring the post-accident management of nuclear fuel assemblies and limiting the spread of radioactive contaminants beyond the containment boundary. Furthermore, with the desire to transition to new nuclear fuel designs to accommodate fuel burnup increases, there is a need to study fuel behavior during design basis accident scenarios, such as the loss-of-coolant accident, to ensure the safe operation of light-water reactors. The present study develops a computational model to simulate the complex three-phase flow of the fuel dispersal phenomena that occur following a breach in the cladding, when the stream of solid fuel particles and carrier fission gas stream immediately interacts with the surrounding liquid medium. The proposed framework considers the solid phase as discrete Lagrangian particles while the interpenetrating gas-liquid continuum is modeled using a Eulerian framework. The developed simulation framework is validated with experimental results performed in a separate-effect test facility by comparing predicted particle settlement locations with the experimental observations reported in the literature. Key highlights of this study include the interpretation of the high-pressure boundary conditions and the three-phase flow coupling strategy. Also discussed are the gas-liquid hydrodynamics and the behavior of particles as they are transported through the gas and liquid phases. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： computation theory

An Extreme Learning Machine-Based Method for computational PDEs in Higher Dimensions

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Yiran Dong, Suchuan Center for Computational & Applied Mathematics Department of Mathematics Purdue University United States

We present two effective methods for solving high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDE) based on randomized neural networks. Motivated by the universal approximation property of this type of networks, both methods extend the extreme learning machine (ELM) approach from low to high dimensions. With the first method the unknown solution field in d dimensions is represented by a randomized feed-forward neural network, in which the hidden-layer parameters are randomly assigned and fixed while the output-layer parameters are trained. The PDE and the boundary/initial conditions, as well as the continuity conditions (for the local variant of the method), are enforced on a set of random interior/boundary collocation points. The resultant linear or nonlinear algebraic system, through its least squares solution, provides the trained values for the network parameters. With the second method the high-dimensional PDE problem is reformulated through a constrained expression based on an Approximate variant of the theory of Functional Connections (A-TFC), which avoids the exponential growth in the number of terms of TFC as the dimension increases. The free field function in the A-TFC constrained expression is represented by a randomized neural network and is trained by a procedure analogous to the first method. We present ample numerical simulations for a number of high-dimensional linear/nonlinear stationary/dynamic PDEs to demonstrate their performance. These methods can produce accurate solutions to high-dimensional PDEs, in particular with their errors reaching levels not far from the machine accuracy for relatively lower dimensions. Compared with the physics-informed neural network (PINN) method, the current method is both cost-effective and more accurate for high-dimensional PDEs. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： computation theory

Reliable computation by large-alphabet formulas in the presence of noise

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tan, Andrew K. Ho, Matthew Chuang, Isaac L. Department of Physics Co-Design Center for Quantum Advantage Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

We present two new positive results for reliable computation using formulas over physical alphabets of size q > 2. First, we show that for logical alphabets of size = q the threshold for denoising using gates subject to q-ary symmetric noise with error probability Ε is strictly larger than that for Boolean computation, and we show that reliable computation is possible as long as signals remain distinguishable, i.e. ϵ Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： computation theory

Research on Management and Efficiency Evaluation of Physical Education Course Selection in Colleges Based on Random Matrix theory

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2022年第1期2022卷

作者： Zou, Jiashu He, Yi Shanghai Lixin Coll Finance & Accounting Shanghai 200000 Peoples R China

The administration of bodily schooling instructing in schools and universities is creating toward informatization and digitalization. The scholar path determination device can noticeably limit the workload of instructional administrators, enhance the provider satisfactory of instructing management, realise the standardization and transparency of college students' direction decision process, and meet quite a number of teachers, college students, and managers needed. At the same time, it has additionally considerably multiplied the work effectivity of instructional administration personnel, decreased a lot of human funding in academic administration management, and flawlessly elevated the modern state of affairs of heavy duties in faculty management. Physical coaching route decision in colleges and universities is a huge volume of statistics computing behavior that occurs intensively. Its typical overall performance requirements are very quintessential and have grown to be the most quintessential element of its availability. The overall performance optimization of the path decision gadget is the focal point of the data work of the instructional administration system. This paper first analyses the overall performance issues of the authentic path resolution system, places ahead a multilevel overall performance optimization scheme to optimize and enhance the enterprise process, and decreases the attention of facts processing in the course of direction selection. The stress check device was once used for overall performance test, and the overall performance index was once considerably extended to meet the diagram requirements. The route desire machine meets the requirements of 5000 clients online all thru the route choice pinnacle period, the response speed is lowered to plenty much less than 5 seconds, and the software program server runs stably, which properly meets the route dedication requirements of whole universities.

关键词： computation theory

Prosumers Participation in Markets: A Scalar-Parameterized Function Bidding Approach

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Alawad, Abdullah uz Zaman, Muhammad Aneeq Alshehri, Khaled Başar, Tamer Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Control and Instrumentation Engineering Department The Interdisciplinary Research Center for Smart Mobility and Logistics King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia

In uniform-price markets, suppliers compete to supply a resource to consumers, resulting in a single market price determined by their competition. For sufficient flexibility, producers and consumers prefer to commit to a function as their strategies, indicating their preferred quantity at any given market price. Producers and consumers may wish to act as both, i.e., prosumers. In this paper, we examine the behavior of profit-maximizing prosumers in a uniform-price market for resource allocation with the objective of maximizing the social welfare. We propose a scalar-parameterized function bidding mechanism for the prosumers, in which we establish the existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium. Furthermore, we provide an efficient way to compute the Nash equilibrium through the computation of the market allocation at the Nash equilibrium. Finally, we present a case study to illustrate the welfare loss under different variations of market parameters, such as the market’s supply capacity and inelastic demand. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： computation theory

Upper bound on the rate of convergence and truncation bound for non-homogeneous birth and death processes on Z

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APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND computation 2022年 423卷 127009-127009页

作者： Satin, Y. A. Razumchik, R., V Zeifman, A., I Kovalev, I. A. Vologda State Univ Vologda Russia Russian Acad Sci Fed Res Ctr Comp Sci & Control Moscow Russia Moscow Ctr Fundamental & Appl Math Moscow Russia RAS Vologda Res Ctr Vologda Russia

We consider the well-known problem of the computation of the (limiting) time-dependent performance characteristics of one-dimensional continuous-time birth and death processes on Z with the time-varying and possibly state-dependent intensities. First in the literature upper bounds on the rate of convergence are provided. Upper bounds for the truncation errors are also given. The condition under which a limiting (time-dependent) distribution exists is formulated but relies on the quantities that need to be guessed in each use-case. The developed theory is illustrated by two numerical examples within the queueing theory context. (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： computation theory

Vehicular Applications of Koopman Operator theory – A Survey

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Manzoor, Waqas Rawashdeh, Samir Mohammadi, Alireza

Koopman operator theory has proven to be a promising approach to nonlinear system identification and global linearization. For nearly a century, there had been no efficient means of calculating the Koopman operator for applied engineering purposes. The introduction of a recent computationally efficient method in the context of fluid dynamics, which is based on the system dynamics decomposition to a set of normal modes in descending order, has overcome this long-lasting computational obstacle. The purely data-driven nature of Koopman operators holds the promise of capturing unknown and complex dynamics for reduced-order model generation and system identification, through which the rich machinery of linear control techniques can be utilized. Given the ongoing development of this research area and the many existing open problems in the fields of smart mobility and vehicle engineering, a survey of techniques and open challenges of applying Koopman operator theory to this vibrant area is warranted. This review focuses on the various solutions of the Koopman operator which have emerged in recent years, particularly those focusing on mobility applications, ranging from characterization and component-level control operations to vehicle performance and fleet management. Moreover, this comprehensive review of over 100 research papers highlights the breadth of ways Koopman operator theory has been applied to various vehicular applications with a detailed categorization of the applied Koopman operator-based algorithm type. Furthermore, this review paper discusses theoretical aspects of Koopman operator theory that have been largely neglected by the smart mobility and vehicle engineering community and yet have large potential for contributing to solving open problems in these areas. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： computation theory

computational study of optical absorption spectra of helicenes as applied to strain sensing

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sundararaghavan, Veera Varshney, Vikas Simone, Davide Department of Aerospace Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson Air Force Base OH45433 United States

Helicenes, a class of organic molecules consisting of ortho-fused benzene rings in a spring-like configuration have found several interesting applications in nonlinear optical materials and opto-electronic devices. Under the action of strain, i.e., via mechanical stretching or compression, the optical absorption spectra of helicenes change which can be employed for strain sensing. The present study presents a detailed investigation of the optical absorption spectra of helicenes using density functional theory along with calculations of the changes in the spectra during mechanical axial stretching or compression of helicenes. The electronic band gap followed a non-symmetric parabolic form with the amount of applied strain. A lowering of the gap in stretched or compressed helicenes compared to the pristine helicene was observed. The compressed state shows a smaller energy gap compared to tension for the same strain magnitude. A detailed inspection of the optical absorption spectra shows that compressive states show significantly lower absorption at higher optical energies (shorter wavelengths) which can provide greater sensitivity to the strain measurement. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： computation theory