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检索条件"主题词=computational grids"

共 1438 条记录，以下是81-90 订阅

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Bottom-up visual attention guided by genetic algorithm optimization

Bottom-up visual attention guided by genetic algorithm optim...

引用

8th IASTED International Conference on Signal and Image Processing

作者： Pereira, Eanes T. Gomes, Herman M. Florentino, Vinicius F. C. Univ Fed Campina Grande Dept Sistemas & Comp Av Aprigio Veloso S-N BR-58109970 Campina Grande PB Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780889865839

This paper discusses the application of genetic programming in the optimization of the weigths of a visual attention mechanism when performing two specific visual tasks: to locate people and object regions in an image. A saliency map, which indicates the most salient regions in an image, is created from the weighted sum of a number of intermediate feature maps (such as Intensity, Color and Orientation at different scales). A genetic algorithm with overlapping populations was employed to find the best set of weights that minimized the number of salient points needed to locate a particular class of image region. Experiments with a different set of images have confirmed the improvements in region location using the optimized weights.

关键词： visual attention genetic programming computational grids image region location

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An enabling framework for parallel optimization on the computational grid

An enabling framework for parallel optimization on the compu...

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5th IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid (CCGrid 2005)

作者： Cahon, S Melab, N Talbi, EG Lab Informat Fondamentale Lille CNRS UMR 8022 INRIA FutursDOLPHIN F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq France

ISBN: (纸本)0780390741

In this paper we present ParadisEO-CMW an extension of the open source ParadisEO framework, originally intended to the design and deployment of parallel hybrid meta heuristics on dedicated clusters of SWs. Coupled with the Condor-MW library, it enables the execution of such parallel applications on volatile heterogeneous computational resources. The motivations, architecture and main features will be discussed. The framework has been tested by tackling a real-world NP-hard problem: feature selection in near-infrared spectroscopic data mining. It has been resolved by deploying a multi-level parallel model of evolutionary algorithms. Experimentations have been carried out on more than one hundred PCs, originally intended for education. The obtained results are convincing, both in terms of flexibility and easiness at implementation, and in terms of efficiency and quality of provided solutions at execution.

关键词： combinatorial optimization parallelism and cooperation frameworks high throughput computing computational grids

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Scheduling of tasks in the parareal algorithm for heterogeneous cloud platforms

Scheduling of tasks in the parareal algorithm for heterogene...

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26th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) / Workshop on High Performance Data Intensive Computing

作者： Xiao, Hongtao Aubanel, Eric Univ New Brunswick Fac Comp Sci Fredericton NB E3B 5A3 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780769546766

Parallelization of time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) can be accomplished by time decomposition using the parareal algorithm. While the parareal algorithm was designed to enable real-time simulations, it holds particular promise for long time simulations on computational grids and clouds, due its low communication overhead and potential for adaptation to heterogeneous processors. This contribution extends previous work on the scheduling of tasks of the parareal algorithm to resources with heterogeneous CPU performance. Experiments on Amazon's EC2 show the suitability of this algorithm for execution on a heterogeneous cloud platform and its insensitivity to network latency.

关键词： Religious Missions network delay PARA computational grids real-time simulation parallelization Platform algorithms Legal Executions Real number

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Adaptive Sabotage-Tolerant Scheduling for Peer-to-Peer grids

Adaptive Sabotage-Tolerant Scheduling for Peer-to-Peer Grids

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4th Latin-American Symposium on Dependable Computing

作者： Oliveira, Ana Cristina Sampaio, Livia Fernandes, Stenio Brasileiro, Francisco Univ Fed Campina Grande Lab Sistemas Distribuidos Campina Grande PB Brazil Univ Estadual Paraiba Patos de Minas PB Brazil Ctr Fed Educ Tecnol Alagoas Maceio AL Brazil Univ Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781424446780

computational grids are an infrastructure to aggregate computing power to support and improve performance of parallel applications. Some of them evolved in the sense of forming free-to-join communities over the Internet and became peer-to-peer (P2P) grids. One of the main problems associated with users freely joining and leaving grid communities is that cheating users may corrupt the final computation. Sabotage tolerance techniques, generally based on replication, tackle this problem by estimating the computation correctness. The use of credibility-based techniques in the task scheduling may promote high confidence levels for the computation results, whilst minimizing replication costs, when compared to the traditional voting technique. This work aims at evaluating the usage of scheduling heuristics that adapt themselves to the machines' confidence level in P2P grids. Three scheduling heuristics were evaluated. They present advantages and disadvantages, leading us to the conclusion that the performance of the scheduling heuristics is deeply influenced by the grid environment.

关键词： adaptive scheduling computational grids peer-to-peer (P2P) sabotage tolerance

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GridView: A dynamic and visual Grid monitoring system

GridView: A dynamic and visual Grid monitoring system

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7th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Grid in Asia Pacific Region (HPCAsia 2004)

作者： Ni, GB Ma, J Li, B Chinese Acad Sci Inst Comp Technol Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)076952138X

computational and Data grids consist of the coordinated utilization of large sets of diverse, geographically distributed resources for high performance computation. In order to make better use of these computing entities, a substantial amount of monitoring data is collected for a variety of tasks. The large number of heterogeneous resources available in grids makes the task challenging. The processing of mass data is another problem with large amounts of monitoring data increasing. In this paper, a monitoring system in Grid environment called GridView is presented. It gathers much important information from a large computing facility. For giving more efficient performance evaluation, comprehensive computation capacity (C3) model is set up. GridView also gives mass data management mechanism and mass data visualization technique. Due to the Grid environment, GridView must consider dynamic changes and heterogeneous characteristic of different platforms.

关键词： grid computing software performance evaluation system monitoring data visualisation graphical user interfaces GridView dynamic grid monitoring system visual grid monitoring system computational grids data grids geographically distributed resources performance evaluation mass data management mass data visualization computation capacity model

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Adaptive scheduling under memory constraints on non-dedicated computational farms

Adaptive scheduling under memory constraints on non-dedicate...

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2nd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid

作者： Nikolopoulos, DS Polychronopoulos, CD Coll William & Mary Dept Comp Sci Williamsburg VA 23187 USA Univ Illinois Coordinated Sci Lab Urbana IL 61801 USA

This paper presents scheduler extensions that enable better adaptation of parallel programs to the execution conditions of non-dedicated computational farms with limited memory resources. The purpose of the techniques is to prevent thrashing and co-schedule communicating threads, using two disjoint, yet cooperating extensions to the kernel scheduler. A thrashing prevention module enables memory-bound programs to adapt to memory shortage, via suspending their threads at selected points of execution. Thread suspension is used so that memory is not over-committed by parallel jobs-which are assumed to be running as guests on the nodes of the computational farm-at memory allocation points. In the event of thrashing, parallel jobs are the first to release memory and help local resident jobs make progress. Adaptation is implemented using a shared-memory interface in the /proc filesystem and upcalls from the kernel to the user space. On an orthogonal axis, co-scheduling is implemented in the kernel with a heuristic that boosts periodically the priority of communicating threads. Using experiments on a cluster of workstations, we show that when a guest parallel job competes with general-purpose interactive, I/O-intensive, or CPU and memory-intensive load on the nodes of the cluster, thrashing prevention reduces drastically the slowdown of the job at memory utilization levels of 20% or higher. The slowdown of parallel jobs is reduced by up to a factor of 7. Co-scheduling provides a limited performance improvement at memory utilization levels below 20%, but has no significant effect at higher memory utilization levels. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： clusters computational grids scheduling memory management

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Flame-Resolved Transient Simulation of Premixed Swirling Flame toward LBO

Flame-Resolved Transient Simulation of Premixed Swirling Fla...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition (AIAA SciTech Forum)

作者： Palies, Paul CFD Res Corp Aerosp & Def Dept Huntsville AL 35806 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781624106095

ISBN: (纸本)9781624106095

This article presents a flame-resolved transient simulation of the Cavaliere et al premixed flame experiment [1] to investigate the mechanisms that lead towards lean blowoff (LBO). The computational domain includes the swirler to capture the unsteady turbulent 3D velocity field generated. The computational grid is designed to attempt to resolve the Kolmogorov scales in both fresh and burnt gas and to minimize the subgrid scale models roles as well as the flame front thickness throughout the computational domain,resulting in a structured grid count of 236 million cells. A transient sequence corresponding to a step change of equivalence ratio Phi from 0.7 to 0.55 is modeled. The combustion chemistry mechanism consists of a single step overall reaction. The computational results are compared against experimental data and an overall good agreement is observed, except for the latest times of the LBO sequence. The validated computational results are analyzed with dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) technique and space-time diagrams of a posteriori reconstructed OH fields to investigate the underlying mechanism leading to lean blowoff for this flame. In addition, an evaluation of known LBO mechanisms reported in literature is carried out. It includes the precessing vortex core, flame sheet holes, inner recirculation zone (IRZ) dynamics, and heat losses. The analysis shows that a key phenomenon leading to lean blowout for the present configuration is associated with the convective motion of cooler combustion products into the inner recirculation zone as the equivalence ratio is decreased.

关键词： LBO Flame step change timing diagram swirler computational grids Flame propagation velocity field Heat loss lean

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Remote class prefetching: Improving performance of Java applications on grid platforms 4th

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4th International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications

作者： Cardinale, Yudith De Oliveira, Jesus Figueira, Carlos Univ Simon Bolivar Dept Computac & Tecnol Informac Apartado 89000 Caracas 1080A Venezuela

ISBN: (纸本)9783540680673

In this paper we introduce and evaluate two prefetching techniques to improve the performance of Java applications executed on the grid. These techniques are experimentally evaluated on two grid environments, by running test applications on two different grid deployment configurations. Our testbed is SUMA/G, a grid platform specifically targeted at executing Java bytecode on Globus grids. The experimental results show that these techniques can be effective on improving the performance of applications run on the grid, especially for compute intensive scientific applications.

关键词： Java applications class prefetching computational grids distributed applications collaborative platforms

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Computer Simulation of Magnetic Resonance Angiography Imaging. Parallel Implementation in Heterogeneous Computing Environment

Computer Simulation of Magnetic Resonance Angiography Imagin...

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Joint Conference on New Trends in Audio and Video And Signal Processing - Algorithms, Architectures, Arrangements and Applications (NTAV/SPA)

作者： Klepaczko, Artur Szczypinski, Piotr Dwojakowski, Grzegorz Kocinski, Marek Strzelecki, Michal Lodz Univ Technol Inst Elect Ul Wolczanska 211-215 PL-90924 Lodz Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9788372835024

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is currently widely used in medical image diagnosis. However, MR scanners are extensively used in clinics and thus are rarely accessible for experimentation. In consequence, the number of images available for image processing methods evaluation is too low and there appears a need for a method to generate synthetic images. In their previous works, the authors studied various methods for blood vessels segmentation and tracking. Effectiveness of the designed algorithms requires objective verification which implies repetition of experiments for large number of images and comparing the results with some ground truth models. Therefore, this study aims at designing a computer system which implements numerical routines for generation of synthetic MRA images. In particular, in this paper we study the performance of various configurations of assembled computer grid and analyze their potential in angiographic image synthesis.

关键词： Magnetic Resonance Angiography Computer Simulation images image diagnosis Image synthesis Computer systems experimentation computational grids ground truth Blood Vessels Repetition network computing environments distributed computing environment image processing method Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Combined 1D and 2D Hydraulic Modeling within HEC-RAS

Combined 1D and 2D Hydraulic Modeling within HEC-RAS

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World Environmental and Water Resources Congress

作者： Brunner, Gary W. Piper, Steven S. Jensen, Mark R. Chacon, Ben US Army Corps Hydrol Engn Ctr Inst Water Resources 609 2nd St Davis CA 95616 USA RMA Fairfield CA 94534 USA

ISBN: (数字)9780784479162

ISBN: (纸本)9780784479162

HEC has added the ability to perform two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic flow routing within the unsteady flow analysis portion of HEC-RAS. This new capability within HEC-RAS has the following attributes: 1. The ability to perform combined 1D and 2D modeling within the same unsteady flow model will allow users to work on larger river systems, utilizing 1D modeling where appropriate and 2D modeling in areas that require a higher level of hydrodynamic fidelity. 2. The program solves either the full 2D Saint Venant equations or the 2D Diffusion Wave equations. This is user selectable, giving modelers more flexibility. 3. The 2D flow solver uses an Implicit Finite Volume algorithm. The implicit solution algorithm allows for larger computational time steps than explicit methods. The finite volume approach provides a measure of improved stability and robustness over traditional finite difference and finite element techniques. 4. The 1D and 2D solution algorithms are tightly coupled on a time step by time step basis (optionally, iteration by iteration within a time step). 5. The software was designed to use structured or unstructured computational meshes. 6. Each cell, and cell face, of the computational mesh is pre-processed in order to develop detailed hydraulic property tables based on the underlying terrain used in the modeling process. Additionally, each face of a computational cell is pre-processed into detailed hydraulic property tables (elevation versus, wetted perimeter, area, roughness, etc...). This allows the user to use larger computational cells, without losing the detail of the underlying terrain. 7. Mapping of the inundated area, as well as animations of the flooding can be accomplished right inside of RAS using RAS Mapper. 8. The 2D Flow Area computational solution has been programmed to take advantage of multi-processors on a computer (referred to as parallelization). This paper will discuss the details of the new 2D modeling capabilities that have been add

关键词： River systems unsteady flow Modeling Hydraulic models Hydraulic Properties computational grids ras Oncogene implicit solution iterative methods Flow models Finite differences Animation

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