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Conference on Medical Imaging - Image-Guided Procedures, Robotic Interventions, and modeling

作者： Audigier, Chloe Kim, Younsu Dillow, Austin Boctor, Emad M. Johns Hopkins Univ Dept Comp Sci Baltimore MD 21218 USA Johns Hopkins Univ Dept Radiol Baltimore MD 21218 USA Johns Hopkins Univ Dept Mech Engn Baltimore MD 21218 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510607163

ISBN: (纸本)9781510607156;9781510607163

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the most widely used minimally invasive ablative therapy for liver cancer, but it is challenged by a lack of patient-specific monitoring. Inter-patient tissue variability and the presence of blood vessels make the prediction of the RFA difficult. A monitoring tool which can be personalized for a given patient during the intervention would be helpful to achieve a complete tumor ablation. However, the clinicians do not have access to such a tool, which results in incomplete treatment and a large number of recurrences. computational models can simulate the phenomena and mechanisms governing this therapy. The temperature evolution as well as the resulted ablation can be modeled. When combined together with intra-operative measurements, computational modeling becomes an accurate and powerful tool to gain quantitative understanding and to enable improvements in the ongoing clinical settings. This paper shows how computational models of RFA can be evaluated using intra-operative measurements. First, simulations are used to demonstrate the feasibility of the method, which is then evaluated on two ex vivo datasets. RFA is simulated on a simplified geometry to generate realistic longitudinal temperature maps and the resulted necrosis. Computed temperatures are compared with the temperature evolution recorded using thermometers, and with temperatures monitored by ultrasound (US) in a 2D plane containing the ablation tip. Two ablations are performed on two cadaveric bovine livers, and we achieve error of 2.2 degrees C on average between the computed and the thermistors temperature and 1.4 degrees C and 2.7 degrees C on average between the temperature computed and monitored by US during the ablation at two different time points (t = 240 s and t = 900 s).

关键词： Radiofrequency ablation computational modeling Ultrasound thermal monitoring Ex vivo Validation

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computational modeling of Head-Eye Coordination in Face-to-Face Behavior

Computational Modeling of Head-Eye Coordination in Face-to-F...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)

作者： Pan, Yadong Hachisu, Taku Suzuki, Kenji Univ Tsukuba Artificial Intelligence Lab Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Univ Tsukuba Fac Syst & Informat Engn Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781538616451

In this paper, we propose a computational modeling method to investigate head-eye coordination in face-to-face behavior. The method looks into probability density of individuals' head orientation during looking at others' face. We conducted experiment under two different scenarios in human-human interaction. Under each scenario, individuals' head orientation could be fitted with one Gaussian distribution. Referring to the model, it is possible to calculate several ranges of head orientation, which could be used as surrogate for estimating visual focus of attention. The model also provides theoretical support to the design of automatic systems that measure face-to-face interaction.

关键词： Face recognition Visualization Gaussian distribution Mathematical model Behavioral sciences computational modeling Psychology Human-robot interaction Social factors Emotion recognition

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An experimental and computational framework for modeling multi-muscle responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human motor cortex 9

An experimental and computational framework for modeling mul...

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9th IEEE/EMBS International Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)

作者： Yarossi, Mathew Quivira, Fernando Dannhauer, Moritz Sommer, Marc A. Brooks, Dana H. Erdogmus, Deniz Tunik, Eugene Northeastern Univ Dept Phys Therapy Movement & Rehabil Sci Boston MA 02115 USA Northeastern Univ SPIRAL Grp Dept Elect & Comp Engn Boston MA 02115 USA Duke Univ Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci Durham NC 27710 USA Duke Univ Dept Biomed Engn Durham NC 27710 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538679210

Current knowledge of coordinated motor control of multiple muscles is derived primarily from invasive stimulation-recording techniques in animal models. Similar studies are not generally feasible in humans, so a modeling framework is needed to facilitate knowledge transfer from animal studies. We describe such a framework that uses a deep neural network model to map finite element simulation of transcranial magnetic stimulation induced electric fields (E-fields) in motor cortex to recordings of multi-muscle activation. Critically, we show that model generalization is improved when we incorporate empirically derived physiological models for E-field to neuron firing rate and low-dimensional control via muscle synergies.

关键词： Muscles Brain modeling computational modeling Neurons Data models Feature extraction Solid modeling

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computational modeling of Barometric Pressure Fluctuation Effects on Explosive Methane-Air Mixtures in a Longwall Mine Gob

Computational Modeling of Barometric Pressure Fluctuation Ef...

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作者： Lolon, Samuel Atta Colorado School of Mines

学位级别：Ph.D.

The coal mining industry remains a major player in electrical power generation for the United States. The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) reported that coal made up the second largest share after natural gas, approximately 30%, of the total electricity generated in 2016, further, it projected to remain significant for the next several decades together with natural gas and renewable sources (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2017). Longwall mining has become more frequently used for extracting coal seams underground due to increased safety and higher productivity (EMFI, 2010) through improved mechanization and mining system automation. In the longwall method, the overlying strata are allowed to cave behind the working face after the coal is extracted, creating a porous zone known as gob. Due to its caving nature, the gob is inaccessible and presents a safety concern because of the potential methane and explosive mixture accumulation occurring in this zone. There have been a great number of mine fires and explosions in the United States and other countries that suggest the existence of an explosive mixture or Explosive Gas Zone (EGZ) in bleeder-ventilated longwall gob (Loane et al., 1975; Lynn et al., 1986; McKinney et al., 2001; Dziurzynski and Wasilewski, 2012; Brune, 2013). These events indicated that EGZs must have existed inside and around the perimeter of gobs. The risk of mine explosion will increase if these EGZs flow out from the gob to the surrounding mine entries. As mine pressure is influenced by atmospheric pressure, the fluctuation of outside pressure can disturb the pressure differential between the internal and external gob which consequently can either escalate or lessen the EGZ outgassing from the gob. A number of studies have related major mine explosions to abrupt barometric pressure changes in the United States, South Africa, Australia, and Poland (Hosler, 1948; Boyer, 1964; Kissell et al., 1973; Fauconnier, 1992; Hemp, 1994; Wa

关键词： computational modeling Longwall mine gob Underground mine ventilation system Explosive mixture Barometric pressure Methane-air mixture

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Reconstructing Abstract Concepts and their Blends Via computational Cognitive modeling

Reconstructing Abstract Concepts and their Blends Via Comput...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Rahul Sharma Bernardete Ribeiro Alexandre Miguel Pinto F. Amílcar Cardoso Department of Informatics Engineering University of Coimbra Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9781728169262

ISBN: (纸本)9781728169279

Concept Blending is one of the most prominent computational approaches to study and understand the underlying processes related to creativity. In this article, we show how to use the Regulated Activation Network (RAN) cognitive model to reconstruct abstract concepts and their blends. The MNIST dataset is used in this work to build a representation of abstract concepts. For the demonstration, three experiments were designed: first, shows how a high dimensional input image is encoded into a low dimension vector and further reconstructed back into an image; second, reconstruction of blends of abstract concepts that represent same digits; third, reconstructing blends of abstract concepts which represent different digits. The reconstructed images in all three experiments were visually analyzed. The best reconstructions were observed with the encoded image experiment obtaining Mean Squared Error of 0.00562 and an Rsquare score of 0.9193. The blends of similar abstract concepts also reconstructed the expected blend of a digit. The blends of dissimilar abstract concepts reconstructed the images by creating interesting symbols such as character x.

关键词： Image reconstruction computational modeling Mathematical model Creativity Visualization Data models Artificial intelligence

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Viscoelastic computational modeling of the human head-neck system: Eigenfrequencies and time-dependent analysis

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2018年第1期34卷 1-16页

作者： Boccia, E. Gizzi, A. Cherubini, C. Nestola, M. G. C. Filippi, S. Max Planck Inst Dynam & Self Org Fassberg 17 D-37077 Gottingen Germany Univ Campus Biomed Roma Dept Engn Via A del Portillo 21 I-00128 Rome Italy Univ Svizzera Italiana Inst Computat Sci Via Giuseppe Buffi 13 CH-9600 Lugano Switzerland

A subject-specific 3-dimensional viscoelastic finite element model of the human head-neck system is presented and investigated based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance biomedical images. Ad hoc imaging processing tools are developed for the reconstruction of the simulation domain geometry and the internal distribution of bone and soft tissues. Material viscoelastic properties are characterized point-wise through an image-based interpolating function used then for assigning the constitutive prescriptions of a heterogenous viscoelastic continuum model. The numerical study is conducted both for modal and time-dependent analyses, compared with similar studies and validated against experimental evidences. Spatiotemporal analyses are performed upon different exponential swept-sine wave-localized stimulations. The modeling approach proposes a generalized, patient-specific investigation of sound wave transmission and attenuation within the human head-neck system comprising skull and brain tissues. Model extensions and applications are finally discussed.

关键词： computational modeling finite elements human head-neck system structural acoustics and vibration viscoelasticity

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Application of computational Simulation and modeling: Optimizing the Control System of High-pressure Fuel Pump

Application of Computational Simulation and Modeling: Optimi...

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International Conference on Mechanical, Control and Computer Engineering (ICMCCE)

作者： Jing Nan Ruiying Jin School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China

With the development of computer technology and the improvement of information technology, computer-aided is widely used in many fields such as machinery manufacturing to improve the efficiency of skilled workers and the quality of machinery manufacturing. In this paper, the specific application of computational simulation in the design and optimization of fuel engine high-pressure fuel pump is used to simulate the workflow of high-pressure fuel pump by using programming technology to derive the optimal injection time under the condition of maintaining stable pressure. Through practical applications, this paper analyzes the advantages of computer-aided technology and explores new ways of integration with other traditional technologies to improve the informationization of traditional manufacturing industries.

关键词： Analytical models computational modeling Programming Data models Manufacturing Mathematical model Fuels

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Perspective: computational modeling of accurate cellular membranes with molecular resolution

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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2018年第22期149卷 220901-220901页

作者： Klauda, Jeffery B. Univ Maryland Dept Chem & Biomol Engn College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Maryland Biophys Grad Program College Pk MD 20742 USA

modeling lipid bilayers using molecular simulations has progressed from short simulations of single-component lipids to currently having the ability to model complex cellular membranes with nearly 100 different lipid types on a mu s time scale. This perspective article presents a review of how the chemical physics field has provided insight into the structure and dynamics of accurate cellular membrane models. A short review of lipid force fields is presented, and how lower-resolution models can allow for assemblies and time scales not attainable with all-atom models. Key examples on membranes that mimic the lipid diversity seen in nature are provided for all-atom and coarse-grained lipid force fields. The article concludes with an outlook for the field on where there exist certain challenges (lipid diversity and leaflet concentration asymmetry) over the next several years. This is an exciting time to be a researcher in the field of modeling cellular membranes with ultimate goals to model not just an accurate cell membrane but in the future modeling a whole cell. Published by AIP Publishing.

关键词： Lipids computational modeling field theory (physics) membrane Cells Atoms Attitude time scales Perspective Lipid Bilayers Researchers

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A combined experimental and computational modeling study on adsorption of propionic acid onto silica-embedded NiO/MgO nanoparticles

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2017年 327卷 666-677页

作者： El-Qanni, Amjad Nassar, Nashaat N. Vitale, Gerardo Univ Calgary Dept Chem & Petr Engn Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada An Najah Natl Univ Dept Chem Engn POB 7 Nablus Palestine

Adsorption of propionic acid (PA) onto silica-embedded NiO/MgO nanoparticles (i.e., SiO2-NiO, SiO2-MgO, and SiO2-(Ni0.5Mg0.5)O) was investigated experimentally and theoretically by carrying out computational modeling through molecular mechanics, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The experimental adsorption isotherm fit well to the Sips model with a heterogeneity factor between 0.2 and 0.5 in most cases, indicating a heterogeneous adsorption system. SiO2-NiO nanoparticles showed the highest uptake on a normalized surface area basis due to its stability in aqueous solutions. Moreover, the results of thermodynamic studies, namely, changes in Gibbs free energy (DG degrees(ads)) and standard enthalpy (Delta H degrees(ads)), confirmed that the adsorption is spontaneous and exothermic in nature, respectively. Furthermore, computational modeling of the molecular interaction between the PA molecule and the nanoparticle surfaces of both NiO and MgO were implemented to address the adsorption behavior comprehensively. Interestingly, in vacuum media, the computational modeling and DFT calculations showed that MgO favored the PA molecule adsorption stronger than the NiO, contrary to what observed experimentally. MD simulations counted the presence of water molecules and provided more linkable results to the ones observed experimentally. Eventually, by having a meticulous eye of the equilibrated structures of PA molecules at the NiO-water interfaces according to the MD simulation, we could confirm theoretically the maximum adsorption capacity for complete monolayer coverage with the one obtained experimentally which was around 2.8 (molecules/nm(2)). (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Propionic acid Silica-embedded NiO/MgO Nanosorbcats Adsorption computational modeling

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Stents: Biomechanics, Biomaterials, and Insights from computational modeling

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ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2017年第4期45卷 853-872页

作者： Karanasiou, Georgia S. Papafaklis, Michail I. Conway, Claire Michalis, Lampros K. Tzafriri, Rami Edelman, Elazer R. Fotiadis, Dimitrios I. Univ Ioannina Unit Med Technol & Intelligent Informat Syst Dept Mat Sci Univ Campus Ioannina Ioannina 45100 Greece Fdn Res & Technol Hellas FORTH Ioannina Greece Univ Ioannina Sch Med Second Dept Cardiol Ioannina Greece Univ Ioannina Michailide Cardiac Ctr Ioannina Greece MIT Inst Med Engn & Sci 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA CBSET Lexington MA USA Harvard Med Sch Brigham & Womens Hosp Cardiovasc Div Boston MA USA

Coronary stents have revolutionized the treatment of coronary artery disease. Improvement in clinical outcomes requires detailed evaluation of the performance of stent biomechanics and the effectiveness as well as safety of biomaterials aiming at optimization of endovascular devices. Stents need to harmonize the hemodynamic environment and promote beneficial vessel healing processes with decreased thrombogenicity. Stent design variables and expansion properties are critical for vessel scaffolding. Drug-elution from stents, can help inhibit in-stent restenosis, but adds further complexity as drug release kinetics and coating formulations can dominate tissue responses. Biodegradable and bioabsorbable stents go one step further providing complete absorption over time governed by corrosion and erosion mechanisms. The advances in computing power and computational methods have enabled the application of numerical simulations and the in silico evaluation of the performance of stent devices made up of complex alloys and bioerodible materials in a range of dimensions and designs and with the capacity to retain and elute bioactive agents. This review presents the current knowledge on stent biomechanics, stent fatigue as well as drug release and mechanisms governing biodegradability focusing on the insights from computational modeling approaches.

关键词： Stent computational modeling Biomechanics Biomaterials Degradation Corrosion Drug-elution Hemodynamic environment

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