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作者： Shandon L. James Air Force Institute of Technology

学位级别：硕士

The United States Air Force (USAF) often deploys personnel to remote locations or responds to disasters worldwide. Point-of-Use (PoU) ultraviolet (UV) water treatment could provide the DoD with the ability to provide water for small mobile entities that are incapable of providing the support network that larger water purification devices require. PoUs could be used as the water treatment system within the DoD for applications that include disaster response, austere locations, aircraft/helicopter survival kit or small unit for special operations teams. This research investigates the ability to use computer modeling software to predict and optimize the characteristics of a UV LED PoU water purification reactor for such applications. This research developed a working model using computational multiphysics software to predict reaction processes within a UV LED water purification reactor, and validated the model with laboratory data. The research also investigated the effect of altering the reactor geometry and the corresponding interactions with corresponding reactor rate effectiveness. The model demonstrated the ability to predict the reaction curves gathered from the lab data as well as illustrated trends in reactor geometry. When investigating the efficiency of various reactor geometries, minimizing the surface area: volume ratio was shown to result in the largest increases in efficiency. However the volume of the reactor, reflectance, and flow rates also played a role in reactor effectiveness.

关键词： Ultra-Violet LED Water Treatment Advanced Oxidation COMSOL® computational modeling

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computational modeling OF CONJUGATE HEAT TRANSFER IN A CLOSED RECTANGULAR DOMAIN UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF RADIANT HEAT SUPPLY TO THE HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL SURFACES OF ENCLOSURE STRUCTURES

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JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING PHYSICS AND THERMOPHYSICS 2015年第1期88卷 168-177页

作者： Kuznetsov, G. V. Nagornova, T. A. Ni, A. E. Tomsk Natl Res Polytech Univ Energy Inst 30 Lenin Ave Tomsk 634050 Russia

We have carried out computational modeling of nonstationary conductive-convective heat transfer in a closed rectangular domain in a conjugate formulation with a local heat source (a gas infrared radiator). Four variants of possible description of the radiant energy distribution over the inner surfaces of enclosures have been considered. As a result of the computational modeling, differential (temperature fields and stream functions) and integral (Nusselt numbers) heat transfer characteristics have been obtained. It has been shown that the radiant flux distribution influences the heat transfer intensity.

关键词： infrared radiator radiative heating conjugate heat transfer computational modeling natural convection heat conduction

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Subject-Specific computational modeling of Evoked Rabbit Phonation

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JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 2016年第1期138卷 011005-011005页

作者： Chang, Siyuan Novaleski, Carolyn K. Kojima, Tsuyoshi Mizuta, Masanobu Luo, Haoxiang Rousseau, Bernard Vanderbilt Univ Dept Mech Engn Nashville TN 37235 USA Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med Dept Hearing & Speech Sci Nashville TN 37232 USA Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med Dept Otolaryngol Nashville TN 37232 USA Vanderbilt Univ Dept Otolaryngol Nashville TN 37235 USA Vanderbilt Univ Dept Mech Engn Nashville TN 37232 USA Vanderbilt Univ Dept Otolaryngol Nashville TN 37232 USA

When developing high-fidelity computational model of vocal fold vibration for voice production of individuals, one would run into typical issues of unknown model parameters and model validation of individual-specific characteristics of phonation. In the current study, the evoked rabbit phonation is adopted to explore some of these issues. In particular, the mechanical properties of the rabbit's vocal fold tissue are unknown for individual subjects. In the model, we couple a 3D vocal fold model that is based on the magnetic resonance (MR) scan of the rabbit larynx and a simple one-dimensional (1D) model for the glottal airflow to perform fast simulations of the vocal fold dynamics. This hybrid three-dimensional (3D)/1D model is then used along with the experimental measurement of each individual subject for determination of the vocal fold properties. The vibration frequency and deformation amplitude from the final model are matched reasonably well for individual subjects. The modeling and validation approaches adopted here could be useful for future development of subject-specific computational models of vocal fold vibration.

关键词： vocal fold vibration computational modeling individual-specific models fluid-structure interaction magnetic resonance imaging

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computational modeling of STED microscopy through multiple biological cells under one- and two-photon excitation 22

Computational modeling of STED microscopy through multiple b...

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Conference on Three-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy - Image Acquisition and Processing XXII

作者： Mark, Andrew E. Davis, Mitchell A. Starosta, Matthew S. Dunn, Andrew K. Univ Texas Austin Dept Elect & Comp Engn Austin TX 78712 USA Sandia Natl Labs Albuquerque NM 87185 USA Univ Texas Austin Dept Biomed Engn Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628414202

While superresolution optical microscopy techniques afford enhanced resolution for biological applications, they have largely been used to study structures in isolated cells. We use the FDTD method to simulate the propagation of focused beams for STED microscopy through multiple biological cells. We model depletion beams that provide 2D and 3D confinement of the fluorescence spot and assess the effective PSF of the system as a function of focal depth. We compare the relative size of the STED effective PSF under one- and two-photon excitation. PSF calculations suggest that imaging is possible up to the maximum simulation depth if the fluorescence emission remains detectable.

关键词： STED microscopy superresolution computational modeling FDTD method light scattering

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computational modeling OF THE EFFECTS OF TRANSIENT BLOOD FLOW CHARACTERISTICS AND WALL THICKNESS ON THE RUPTURE OF ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM

COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF THE EFFECTS OF TRANSIENT BLOOD FLO...

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ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE)

作者： Pal, Pinaki Univ Michigan Dept Mech Engn 2350 Hayward St Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780791849583

Precise estimation of wall stress distribution within an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is clinically useful for prediction of its rupture. In this paper a computational fluid dynamic model incorporating two-way coupled fluid-structure interaction is employed to investigate the role of laminar turbulent flow transition and wall thickness in altering the distribution and magnitude of wall stress in an AAA. Blood flow in axially symmetric aneurysm models governed by a compliant wall mechanics was simulated. Menter's hybrid k-epsilon/k-omega shear stress transport (SST) model with a correlation-based transition model was used to capture laminar-turbulent transition in the blood flow. Realistic physiological transient boundary conditions were prescribed. The numerical model was validated against experimental data available from the literature. Fluid flow analysis showed the formation of recirculating vortices at the proximal end of the aneurysm after the peak systole which then, moved towards the distal end of the aneurysm along with the bulk flow and were dissipated eventually due to viscous effects. These vortices interacted with the aortic wall and led to local pressure rise. Von Mises stress distribution on the aneurysm wall and location of its peak value were computed and compared with those of a separate numerical simulation performed using a laminar viscous flow model. The predicted peak wall stress was found to be significantly higher for the SST model as compared to the laminar flow model. The location of maximum stress shifted more towards the posterior end of the aneurysm when laminar-turbulent flow transition was considered. In addition, a small reduction of 0.4 mm in wall thickness resulted in the elevation of peak wall stress by a factor of 1.4. The present study showed that capturing flow transition in an AAA is essential to accurate prediction of its rupture. The proposed numerical model provides a robust computational framework to gain more insight int

关键词： wall stress WALL THICKNESS Aneurysm Blood Flow traumatic rupture maximum stress laminar to turbulent transitions Stress distribution VOLUME FLUX rupture computational modeling wall

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computational modeling and Emerging Trend in Agriculture 2

Computational Modeling and Emerging Trend in Agriculture

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2nd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)

作者： Kumar, Sunil Shamim, Mohammad Bansal, Mamta Gangwar, B. Aggarwal, R. P. Indian Inst Farming Syst Res Meerut Uttar Pradesh India Shobhit Univ Modipuram Meerut Uttar Pradesh India

ISBN: (纸本)9789380544168

computational modelling with the use of intelligence techniques for computing the agricultural output by providing minimum input data to lessen the time through cutting down the multi locational field trials and also the labours and other inputs is getting momentum. Development of locally suitable integrated farming systems (IFS) is the utmost need of the day, particularly in India where about 95% farms are under small and marginal holding size. The computational models are developed through incorporation of all independent variables which affect directly or indirectly the output of a system. Models can also be useful in teaching processes involved in the systems and its behaviour in response input variables. Calibration, verification, and validation are very important procedure to produce accurate simulation models. Computer simulations are good at portraying and comparing theoretical scenarios, but in order to accurately model actual case studies they have to match what is actually happening today. It is the research tools which can be used to curtail the huge expenditure in conducting the multiple experiments either in the field or laboratory. computational modelling is increasingly effective for designing and analysis of the system. This is very important tool to analyses the effect of different scenarios on the systems and its interaction among themselves.

关键词： computational modeling scenario analysis crop simulation model IFS

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computational modeling of Concrete Degradation due to Alkali Silica Reaction 10

Computational Modeling of Concrete Degradation due to Alkali...

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10th International Conference on Mechanics and Physics of Creep, Shrinkage, and Durability of Concrete and Concrete Structures (CONCREEP)

作者： Timothy, Jithender J. Nguyen, Minh N. Meschke, Guenther Ruhr Univ Bochum Inst Struct Mech D-44801 Bochum Germany

ISBN: (数字)9780784479346

ISBN: (纸本)9780784479346

This paper presents a computational multi-level model for the description of alkali and moisture transport in concrete structures coupled to a macroscopic ASR induced phase-field damage model. Concrete is modeled as a heterogeneous material consisting of a partially saturated pore space with diffusively distributed microcracks and the solid skeleton (cement paste and potentially reactive and inert aggregates). The influence of the topology of the pore space and the presence of oriented microcracks on ion diffusion and moisture transport is taken into account through a novel continuum micromechanics homogenization model. The transport model is connected to a phenomenological reaction kinetics model to account for the ASR induced volume expansion of the affected aggregates. At the macroscopic scale, crack propagation and effects of induced topological changes on the fluid and ion transport are taken into account using a phase-field model.

关键词： Alkali silica reaction pore space computational modeling Moisture transport aquifer storage and recovery Speech recognition hierarchical models ionic diffusion phase-field model volume expansion Concrete structures Transportation models ion transport reaction kinetics Inert

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computational modeling OF VEHICLE-IRREGULARITY BRIDGE DYNAMIC INTERACTION BY DAMAGE MECHANICS 1

COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF VEHICLE-IRREGULARITY BRIDGE DYNAMI...

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1st Pan-American Congress on computational Mechanics (PANACM) / XI Argentine Congress on computational Mechanics (MECOM)

作者： Abeche, Thiago De O. Machado, Roberto D. Beghetto, Fernando L. M. De Souza, Luiz A. F. Pontif Catholical Univ Parana PUCPR Mech Engn Grad Program Rua Imaculada Conceicao 1155 BR-80215901 Curitiba Parana Brazil Fed Technol Univ Parana UTFPR Dept Bldg Construct BR-81280340 Curitiba Parana Brazil Fed Technol Univ Parana UTFPR Dept Civil Engn BR-86812460 Apucarana Parana Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9788494392825

This work deals with the dynamic interaction vehicle-irregularity-bridge through the Finite Element Method, considering the stiffness loss of the bridge by damage mechanics The irregularities of the track dynamically excite the vehicle, which in turn provokes additional vibrations in the structure of the bridge, besides those produced by their own movement. This condition tends to increase the responses in terms of displacement and stress especially in the resonance conditions. The approach developed in this work treats this phenomenon uncoupled. The track irregularities are represented by sinusoidal harmonic functions. In the bridge model are used Euler-Bernoulli beam elements, with Hermite cubic interpolation functions. The structural damping is defined by the Rayleigh method. The equations of motion are obtained by dynamic equilibrium and numerically integrated in time using the Newmark method. The dynamic response of the bridge is affected by the deterioration degree. In this sense, this work aims to evaluate the dynamic effects produced in a structural model on which the degree of damage is altered over time. This proposal aims to contribute to the study of the health monitoring of bridges structures.

关键词： Dynamic Interaction Damage Mechanics Finite Element Method computational modeling

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Editorial: Neural and computational modeling of Movement Control

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FRONTIERS IN computational NEUROSCIENCE 2016年第AUG期10卷 90页

作者： Lan, Ning Cheung, Vincent C. K. Gandevia, Simon C. Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Biomed Engn Shanghai Peoples R China Univ Soouthern Calif Div Biokinesiol & Phys Therapy Los Angeles CA USA Chinese Univ Hong Kong Sch Biomed Sci Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Neurosci Res Australia Sydney NSW Australia

Jiang et al. reviewed the anatomy and physiology of the direct and indirect spino-cerebellar tracts and illustrated how these pathways, originating in the spinal cord, may be the neural substrates for the transmission of internal feedback signals in control models. Ueyama proposed a new control scheme, called mini-max feedback control, in which motor commands are generated by minimizing the maximal cost to the action resulting from worst-case uncertainty; this scheme outperformed the popular optimal feedback control scheme (Todorov and Jordan, 2002) both in stability and task-goal achievement. Takemura et al. followed up on the question of motor planning in light of uncertainty by studying human reach-to-grasp task when the target was visually occluded, a condition that led to a larger peak grip aperture when compared with conditions with vision. While models should be based on experimental data and validated with experimental evidence (Ajemian and Hogan, 2010), they should also be flexible to provide a conceptual framework for unifying diverse data sets, to generate new insights of neural mechanisms, to integrate new data sets into the general framework, to validate or refute hypotheses and to suggest new testable hypotheses for future experimental investigation (Bullock, 1993).

关键词： neural circuits computational modeling sensorimotor control movements postures

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computational Foot modeling: Scope and Applications

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ARCHIVES OF computational METHODS IN ENGINEERING 2016年第3期23卷 389-416页

作者： Morales-Orcajo, Enrique Bayod, Javier de Las Casas, Estevam Barbosa Univ Zaragoza Aragon Inst Engn Res I3A Grp Struct Mech & Mat Modeling GEMM Zaragoza Spain Biomed Res Networking Ctr Bioengn Biomat & Nanome Zaragoza Spain Univ Fed Minas Gerais Sch Engn Grp Biomech Engn UFMG MecBio Ave Antonio Carlos 6627Bloco 1 Sala 4116 BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil

The aim of this paper is to provide a general review of the computational models of the human foot. The field of computational simulation in biomechanics has significantly advanced in the last three decades. Medicine and engineering fields increasingly collaborate to analyze biological systems. This study seeks a link between two areas of knowledge to achieve a better understanding between clinicians and researchers. The review includes two-dimensional and three-dimensional, detailed and simplified, partial- and full-shape models of the lower limb, ankle and foot. Practical issues in computational modeling, tissue constitutive model approaches and pioneering applications are extensively discussed. Recent challenges and future guidelines in the field of foot computational simulation are outlined. Although this study is focused on foot modeling, the main ideas can be employed to evaluate other parts of the body. The advances in computational foot modeling can aid in reliable simulations and analyses of foot pathologies, which are promising as modern tools of personalized medicine.

关键词： computational modeling Biomechanics Body Parts Precision Medicine Foot British Fields modeling

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