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检索条件"主题词=computational reflection"

共 47 条记录，以下是31-40 订阅

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Living in a Sensor Limited World

Living in a Sensor Limited World

引用

IEEE International Conference on Cognitive and computational Aspects of Situation Management (CogSIMA)

作者： Landauer, Christopher Bellman, Kirstie L. Topcy House Consulting Thousand Oaks CA 91362 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538695999

This paper is about one way to address a troubling aspect of our use of software-intensive systems in complex environments: information flow across the system boundary. Everything we (and any other organism or embedded system) can know about the world around us is limited and largely determined by our sensor data, and what we can deduce or otherwise learn about the regularities they can be expected to exhibit. As system designers, we can program some of this knowledge into our systems, but we are almost always wrong in important and unforeseen ways. We need to help the systems we design mitigate these problems by actively participating in creating this knowledge. We want our systems to observe their environments, make critical inferences about their present and future behaviors, and use the resulting models to inform their own decisions. Moreover, we expect these systems to do the same analyses on their own internal structure and behavior, and on their interactions with the environment, to help them react more effectively to unexpected partial system failures and environmental surprises. In this paper, we show how the Wrappings integration infrastructure applies to this class of problems, by describing the architecture of self-modeling systems, which have models of their own behavior that are used to generate and manage that behavior.

关键词： Self-Modeling Systems computational reflection Run-Time Verification Wrapping Integration Infrastructure Knowledge-Based Polymorphism Problem Posing Interpretation

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Model-Based Cooperative System Engineering and Integration 13

Model-Based Cooperative System Engineering and Integration

引用

13th IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing (ICAC)

作者： Landauer, Christopher Bellman, Kirstie L. Topcy House Consulting Thousand Oaks CA 91362 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509016532

This paper is about some difficult issues in systems of systems engineering, especially when the systems are self-modeling. The questions are about which of the available participant systems have the collection of capabilities desired, how to use them to provide those capabilities, and how to avoid introducing new error modes that emerge from the interaction. In this paper, we describe the process of designing and constructing a system of systems, starting with a provided mapping from the perceived need to a coordinated set of system capabilities that can address that need, some of which are missing capabilities for which new systems are needed. The system engineering aspects of this problem are difficult: the available information about the component system capabilities is always incomplete and often inconsistent, and there can be only approximations of the range of environmental behaviors. For these applications, the design will have to change as the environmental conditions change. These systems are in "continual dynamic development", which is why we think the systems should manage and perform the integration tasks themselves. This paper shows one way to do that.

关键词： computational reflection Wrapping Infrastructure Self-Monitoring Self-Improvement Self-Integration Cooperative System Engineering Model Deficiency Analysis

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Delaying difficult design decisions

Delaying difficult design decisions

引用

IEEE International Workshop on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications

作者： Landauer, C Bellman, KL Aerosp Corp Aerosp Integrat Sci Ctr Los Angeles CA 90009 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780378555

The context of this paper is system engineering of the software needed in Constructed Complex Systems, which are large systems managed or mediated by computing systems. In this paper, we describe an approach to system engineering design and modeling that allows difficult design decisions to be delayed until enough information is available to make them properly. We use our Problem Posing Interpretation of programming languages to allow a mix of specification and implementation throughout the design process, and a model-based approach to design that provides an executable specification / model of the system at all stages of its development.

关键词： computational reflection knowledge-based polymorphism model-based design and analysis problem-posing programming paradigm wrapping infrastructure

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Integration by Negotiated Behavior Restrictions 2

Integration by Negotiated Behavior Restrictions

引用

2nd IEEE International Workshops on Foundations and Applications of Self* Systems (FAS*W)

作者： Landauer, Christopher Bellman, Kirstie L. Topcy House Consulting Thousand Oaks CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509065585

In this short paper, we take a hint from biology about forming collectives. Some mammal heart muscle cells, when isolated in the laboratory, become viable single-cell animals, with many observable traits in common with other "wild" single-cell animals. That is to say, these autonomous systems (the isolated cells) give up an enormous amount of their capability (movement, certain kinds of growth, etc.) in order to form a collective that has desirable emergent properties. Our view is that there must be some kind of negotiation, via evolution in the biological case, that has each system voluntarily reducing its capabilities to integrate into a combined system, and offering some classes of functionality to the collective that are refined during the negotiation. The negotiation process must have detailed intimate knowledge of the range of capabilities of each of the participating systems, such as that inherently provided by using a Wrapping infrastructure. An important issue is that many legacy systems have no such negotiating capability, and we propose the use of another mechanism, the BrainPatch, as an add-on to perform that task.

关键词： Self-Directed Integration computational reflection Run-Time Verification Wrapping Integration Infrastructure Self-Modeling Systems

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Programming Paradigms for Real-Time Systems 17

Programming Paradigms for Real-Time Systems

引用

17th IEEE International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC)

作者： Landauer, Christopher Bellman, Kirstie L. Topcy House Consulting Thousand Oaks CA 91436 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479944309

This paper is about designing and constructing realtime systems, using mechanisms that support self-organization. Objects make a popular and convenient paradigm for keeping persistent data encapsulated with the operations that act on it, but they tend to omit what is arguably the most important aspect of real-time systems, which is time. There are other mechanisms that do model time, but few of them make time the central part of the programming model. In this short position paper, we offer two alternative (but complementary) approaches to modeling time (and other resource dependencies) in real-time systems, which should lead to more effective designs, since the timing and other interactions can be modeled sooner, and in any case, provide models with a different emphasis. We also make suggestions about the expressive language that can be used for the suggested kinds of modeling, and the infrastructure that underlies the process, which provides the computational reflection that enables self-organization.

关键词： Real-Time Systems Model-Based Development Scenario-Based Engineering Process computational reflection Wrapping Infrastructure Problem Posing Programming Paradigm

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An Architecture for Self-Awareness Experiments 14

An Architecture for Self-Awareness Experiments

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14th IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing (ICAC)

作者： Landauer, Christopher Bellman, Kirstie L. Topcy House Consulting Thousand Oaks CA 91362 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538617625

There are many open challenges and current/future research directions for self-aware systems. We have shown that self-modeling systems address many of them, but we have not yet seen many replicable experiments that allow methods and results to be shared. In this paper, we describe an architecture for self-modeling systems, and how we expect to use it for experiments in selfawareness. These experiments support a system development and verification process that extends from system conception / definition time through run time operation. Self-Modeling, like Self-Awareness, is an approach to reach a goal, not an end in itself. The goal is survivability in difficult environments, and as much operational competence as possible. We think that run-time models are a minimum necessity for significant self-awareness, and our architecture makes significant use of them throughout. The theme for this paper: this is a beginning description of a reference architecture for a software controlled system that allows / encourages infrastructure analysis and performance prediction. It facilitates the evaluation of design choices at system definition time, so we can then specialize it to the expected run-time environment and specified run-time behavior constraints without losing the capability to "re-specialize" the architecture when the environmental conditions change.

关键词： Self-Aware Systems Self-Adaptive Systems Self-Modeling Systems Reference Architecture computational reflection Wrapping Integration Infrastructure

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Compreensão visual de frameworks através da introspeção de exemplos

Compreensão visual de frameworks através da introspeção ...

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作者： Campo, Marcelo Ricardo

Object-oriented frameworks are a powerful reuse technique for building applications in a given domain. A framework works as a template or skeleton for building applications, being composed of a set of classes abstracting the general characteristics of an application domain. Building a specific application requires the specialization of some classes that provide the implementation of methods that will complete the necessary behaviour, while the global control structure is given by the framework. Frameworks offer a great potential to increase the productivity and quality in software development. However, starting to use a framework to build a specific application is complicated for any user other than a framework designer. Understanding a framework is frequently much harder than understanding libraries of components that can be reused independently. To adequately reuse isolated classes of a class library, it is sufficient to understand their external interface. In case of a framework, in contrast, to take full advantage of the services provided, it is necessary to understand the way its classes collaborate, as well as the internal design of some of them. These classes code the complex behaviour of a network of instances dynamically created. Therefore, it is often needed not only to understand how the classes are organized in static inheritance hierarchies, but also how instances collaborate at runtime. This work presents a reflective approach for the construction of tools for framework comprehension. This approach is supported by Luthier, a framework designed, and implemented in Smalltalk-80, which provides a flexible support for building tools for the dynamic analysis and visualization of object-oriented programs. Luthier introduces three important contributions: The use of computational reflection techniques, based on the concept of meta-object managers, which support the implementation of specialized meta-object-based metaarchitectures for the dynamic analysis of

关键词： Engenharia : Software Software reuse Object-oriented frameworks Reutilizacao : Software Software visualization Visualizacao : Software Framework orientado : Objetos computational reflection Tese

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Estrutura Reflexiva para Sistemas Operacionais Multiprocessados

Estrutura Reflexiva para Sistemas Operacionais Multiprocessa...

引用

作者： Zancanella, Luiz Carlos

The use of object-oriented technology for the construction of complex systems has been increasing in recent years. The assumption that such technology, besides facilitating modularization, increases reusability and maintainability, providing a unified view of the systems, has encouraged its use in building operating systems, where the system resources and the users applications come to be modeled in terms of the same abstraction. Actually this new technology for development of software, associated with the evolution of hardware, as well as communication technology and the need for qualitative enhancement, mainly concerning programming and interface environments, is giving rise to a new generation of operating systems, more dynamic, more flexible and capable of maintaining, in a transparent way, the presence of cooperative processing, distributed or non-distributed, heterogeneous or homogeneous. However, although the scientific literature shows an acceptance of the object-oriented paradigm as a promising focus(insight) to be adopted in the new generation of operating systems, the current state of technology for object management is still far from being one of consolidation. This project has emerged in this context, with the aim of contributing to the search for an appropriate model for office management that is able to provide a uniform model, not only on the operating system level, but also on the application level. The result of the research is a new object-oriented structural model, based on the concepts of computational reflection, both as an implementation discipline and as a conceptual model for the utilization of multiprocessor operating systems. These features are very useful in developing operating systems which contain components, including resources and applications that are modeled in the same way, using object-oriented abstraction. ...

关键词： Sistemas operacionais Operating system Multiprocessor Multiprocessadores Orientacao : Objetos computational reflection Object-oriented Tese

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Troca dinâmica de versões de componentes de programas no modelo de objetos

Troca dinâmica de versões de componentes de programas no m...

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作者： Haetinger, Werner

Software maintenance is a present reality in all computational systems. This demands the frequent installation of new versions. Usually, real-time systems cannot be interrupted to install a new version. For such systems, the replacement of components, represented by functions, procedures, modulus or objects, must be performed during the execution of the program or system. Even when the old version has been replaced, the new one should not contain faults that could invalidate its services. Therefore, we need new software maintenance techniques that can mantain the system availability and realibility. The approach proposed here consists in using a reflective architecture along with techniques which are typical of the fault tolerant domain. The procedure is carried out by keeping a clear separation between validation activities and the functions executed by the component itself. We present several scenarios to which the dynamical exchange of components can be applied. Different aspects of the replacing issue are also addressed. The proposal is supported by a specific application which has been implemented in the Java language and its different protocols of computational reflection. ...

关键词： Fault tolerance Engenharia : Software Tolerancia : Falhas Object orientation computational reflection Orientacao : Objetos Dynamic software Reflexao computacional Version change Dissertação

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Motf : meta-objetos para tolerância a falhas

Motf : meta-objetos para tolerância a falhas

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作者： Lisboa, Maria Lucia Blanck

Software fault-tolerance encompasses all techniques and programming languages mechanisms intended to support the development of high reliability software. We can consider the faulttolerance area a proper domain of knowledge composed by well-defined techniques used to guarantee the reliability of applications related to other domains. Therefore, the fault-tolerance domain acts over other domains. When the fault-tolerance domain is merged into an application domain it becomes responsible for the non-functional requirements of the application. Among those requirements, reliability and safety are crucial ones and they use methods and concerns not related to the application domain. The object-oriented approach to software development allows a software to be decomposed into a set of components - the objects. Each object has its own structure and behavior. The view of a system as composed by interacting objects can be quite convenient in expressing different degrees of fault tolerance. We can distinguish between critical and non-critical objects and we may even distinguish between critical and non-critical operations within a single object. The objective of this research is the exploitation of object-oriented approach to increase reliability and decrease the effects of failures based on the provision of fault-tolerant objects. Fault-tolerant objects are abstractions of high reliability components and are designed to support several fault-tolerance strategies. Furthermore, computational reflection is adopted to organize faulttolerant activities at a meta-level and to provide transparent interfacing among fault-tolerant and non-fault-tolerant objects. A fault-tolerant object can be defined as an object that represents a single interface to redundant services and whose behavior is controlled by a metaobject. Possible behaviors of fault-tolerant objects include replication or diversity and the associated metaobject adds a specific fault-tolerant behavior to its referent objec

关键词： Programação Software fault-tolerance Object-oriented Tolerancia : Falhas computational reflection Orientacao : Objetos Tese

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