Based on the theory of functional equations in rectilinear embedding, a mathematical model of VLSI placement design was established in this paper. The cell on the plane is conceived as a point, while the wire links th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783037857595
Based on the theory of functional equations in rectilinear embedding, a mathematical model of VLSI placement design was established in this paper. The cell on the plane is conceived as a point, while the wire links the cells is assumed as lines, then the VLSI placement is transformed into quadrangulation by using graph theory. First of all, we obtained generating functions for two types of quadrangulations(quartic graphs) with graph multiple parameters and secondly derived explicit formulae by employing Lagrangian inversion. Furthermore, we found a relation between outerplanar graph and Hamilton graph, and then got the counting result of Hamilton quadrangulation. The quadrangulation calculations could provide a theoretical foundation for computerized algorithm, which can be widely used for VLSI placement optimization.
Abnormal skeleton muscle activity during REM sleep is characterized as REM Behaviour Disorder (RBD), and may be an early marker for different neurodegenerative diseases. Early detection of RBD is therefore highly impo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424441242
Abnormal skeleton muscle activity during REM sleep is characterized as REM Behaviour Disorder (RBD), and may be an early marker for different neurodegenerative diseases. Early detection of RBD is therefore highly important, and in this ongoing study a semi-automatic method for RBD detection is proposed by analyzing the motor activity during sleep. Method: A total number of twelve patients have been involved in this study, six normal controls and six patients diagnosed with Parkinsons Disease (PD) with RBD. All subjects underwent at least one ambulant polysomnographic (PSG) recording. The sleep recordings were scored, according to the new sleep-scoring standard from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, by two independent sleep specialists. A follow-up analysis of the scoring consensus between the two specialists has been conducted. Based on the agreement of the two manual scorings, a computerized algorithm has been attempted implemented. By analysing the REM and non-REM EMG activity, using advanced signal processing tools combined with a statistical classifier, it is possible to discriminate normal and abnormal EMG activity. Due to the small number of patients, the overall performance of the algorithm was calculated using the leave-one-out approach and benchmarked against a previously published computerized/visual method. Results: Based on the available data and using optimal settings, it was possible to correctly classify PD subjects with RBD with 100% sensitivity, 100% specificity, which is an improvement compared to previous published studies. Conclusion: The overall result indicates the usefulness of a computerized scoring algorithm and may be a feasible way of reducing scoring time. Further enhancement on additional data, i.e. subjects with idiopathic RBD (iRBD) and PD without RBD, is needed to validate its robustness and the overall result.
Recently, attention has focused on the anticancer properties of an aromatic component 6-(methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MITC) in a typical Japanese spice, wasabi. In this paper, anticancer activity of 6-MITC i...
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Recently, attention has focused on the anticancer properties of an aromatic component 6-(methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MITC) in a typical Japanese spice, wasabi. In this paper, anticancer activity of 6-MITC in vitro was studied by using a human cancer cell (HCC) panel. 6-MITC directly affected the cells in the HCC panel and inhibited their growth in culture. The mean concentration required to inhibit 50% of control cell growth was 3.9 mu M, which is a sufficiently low dosage for practical use. The suppression influenced not only the cell growth, but also the survival of these cells. The mean concentration to suppress cells to a 50% survival was 43.7 mu M. The reduction activity of 6-MITC was differential, and it suppressed specific cells. These severely suppressed cell lines included breast cancer and melanoma cell lines. For example, one melanoma line was seriously damaged at a concentration of 0.3 mu M of 6-MITC. Compared with other MITCs (2-MITC, 4-MITC and 8-MITC), 6-MITC showed the most effective suppression and with the most specific manner of the cells mentioned above. A "COMPARE" analysis using a computerized algorithm, which was based on the HCC database, suggested that the suppression mechanism of 6-MITC is unique and may be different from that of other known chemicals. The actual mechanism may not a simple one but may involve multiple pathways. On account of its sufficiently small size, 6-MITC is a new possible candidate for controlling cancer cells. (c) 2004 International Society for Preventive Oncology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A sequential search procedure for maximization of a single variable multimodal objective function is designed and investigated in this research. Existing sequential procedures require the function to be unimodal. Nons...
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A sequential search procedure for maximization of a single variable multimodal objective function is designed and investigated in this research. Existing sequential procedures require the function to be unimodal. Nonsequential methods, though not restricted in this sense, require a large number of samples. Results show that the pro- posed sequential method is in this case preferable.
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