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A methodology for architectural design of concurrent and distributed software systems

JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2006年第3期37卷 227-248页

作者： Reza, Hassan Univ N Dakota Sch Aerosp Sci Grand Forks ND 58202 USA

concurrent and distributed software applications are complex software systems that exploit highly parallel and distributed infrastructure to improve the quality of systems in cost-effective way. In order to assist the development of affordable concurrent and distributed software systems, a more effective approach of utilizing single-based architectural description languages (ADLs) is needed. In this paper, we describe an architectural modeling framework that can be used for specifying and analyzing distributed and concurrent software applications. Our key contribution is an architectural specification framework that integrates four important concepts: (1) an architectural description language known as syntactic theory (ST), (2) a high level Petri nets modeling language known as Hierarchical Predicate Transition Nets (HPrTNs), (3) a Pattern-Based Refinement Technique (PBRT), and (4) a systematic process for deriving architectural specifications from requirement specifications. Moreover, the method is heterogeneous modeling approach that specifies software architecture of a distributed and concurrent system in a top-down manner. The immediate benefits of our heterogeneous approach include: increased system analyzability, comprehensibility, reusability, and flexibility. We describe a case study to show the applicability of our approach.

关键词： concurrent and distributed systems software architecture architectural description languages (ADLs) petri nets design patterns HPrTN patterns

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Parameterized verification

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 2016年第5期18卷 469-473页

作者： Abdulla, Parosh A. Delzanno, Giorgio Uppsala Univ Uppsala Sweden Univ Genoa DIBRIS Genoa Italy

The goal of parameterized verification is to prove the correctness of a system specification regardless of the number of its components. The problem is of interest in several different areas: verification of hardware design, multithreaded programs, distributed systems, and communication protocols. The problem is undecidable in general. Solutions for restricted classes of systems and properties have been studied in areas like theorem proving, model checking, automata and logic, process algebra, and constraint solving. In this introduction to the special issue, dedicated to a selection of works from the Parameterized Verification workshop PV '14 and PV '15, we survey some of the works developed in this research area.

关键词： Formal verification Program analysis concurrent and distributed systems

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From CML to a model-based concurrent specification language

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concurrent ENGINEERING-RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 1996年第2期4卷 137-148页

作者： Debbabi, M [o_1]Computer Science Department Laval University Science and Engineering Faculty Pavillon Adrien Pouliot Quebec G1K 7P4 Canada

In this paper, we address the problem of specification and design of concurrent systems. More accurately, we present the definition of a new specification language that is formal, wide-spectrum, model-based, concurrent, polymorphic, and strongly implicitly typed. The language is built upon a concurrent, functional, and imperative programming language: concurrent ML. Specification aspects are supported thanks to the addition of some specification constructs and also by allowing axioms to appear in ML structures and signatures. The resulting specification language is thus highly expressive though it embodies a restricted number of concepts. We present here the motivations underlying the definition of such a language as well as the design choices. Furthermore, we introduce the specification and development methodology and illustrate it on various examples. We will see that many specification styles are allowed: algebraic, applicative, state-based, concurrent applicative, and concurrent imperative.

关键词： formal methods concurrent and distributed systems specification design concurrent ML

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Normal forms for algebras of connections

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THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2002年第2期286卷 247-292页

作者： Bruni, R Gadducci, F Montanari, U Univ Pisa Dipartimento Informat I-56125 Pisa Italy

Recent years have seen a growing interest towards algebraic structures that are able to express formalisms different from the standard, tree-like presentation of terms. Many of these approaches reveal a specific interest towards the application to the 'distributed and concurrent systems' field, but an exhaustive comparison between them is sometimes difficult, because their presentations can be quite dissimilar. This work is a first step towards a unified view: Focusing on the primitive ingredients of distributed spaces (namely interfaces, links and basic modules), we introduce a general schema for describing a normal form presentation of many algebraic formalisms, and show that those normal forms can be thought of as arrows of suitable monoidal categories. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： concurrent and distributed systems diagrammatic specification techniques graphical formalisms

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Automating synthesis of asynchronous communication mechanisms

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FUNDAMENTA INFORMATICAE 2007年第1期78卷 75-100页

作者： Gorgonio, Kyller Cortadella, Jordi Xia, Fei Yakovlev, Alex Univ Politecn Cataluna Dept Software Barcelona Spain Newcastle Univ Sch Elect Elect & Comp Engn Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU Tyne & Wear England

Asynchronous data communication mechanisms (ACMs) have been extensively studied as data connectors between independently timed processes in digital systems. In previous work, systematic ACM synthesis methods have been proposed. In this paper, we advance this work by developing algorithms and software tools which automate most of the ACM synthesis process. Firstly, an interleaving specification is constructed in the form of a state graph, and secondly, a Petri net model of an "ACM-type" is derived using the theory of regions. The method is applied to a number of "standard" writing and reading policies of ACMs with shared memory and unidirectional control variables.

关键词： asynchronous communication mechanisms Petri nets concurrent and distributed systems embedded systems hardware and software codesign protocols synthesis

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Functional Approaches to Teaching Concurrency

Functional Approaches to Teaching Concurrency

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43rd Annual Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)

作者： Lutz, Michael J. Rochester Inst Technol Rochester NY 14623 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467352611

Traditional approaches to addressing issues of concurrency rely on mechanisms added to standard imperative languages such as Java, such as "synchronized" methods and blocks, combined with a "wait/notify" mechanism used to block and awaken processes when a shared resource is not in an acceptable state. The problem with this approach, however, is that mutable state is potentially accessible via many paths, and each such path must be analyzed for possible race conditions, deadlocks, and safety violations. The root cause of many concurrency problems is attributable to shared, mutable state. In light of this, two approaches to mitigating concurrency problems are immutable variables and state isolation within distinct concurrent actors. Erlang, a language developed at Ericsson for distributed, fault-tolerant switches, is a language supporting both approaches. This paper reports on an experiment to include Erlang as part of an existing course on concurrent systems design. This version of the course is currently underway, and the Erlang material is being introduced as this is written. Results from the approach will be ready well before the conference, and should serve as an inspiration (or warning) to others considering such a change.

关键词： software engineering concurrent and distributed systems functional languages computing education

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Flexible Transactional Coordination in the Peer Model 1

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7th IPM International Conference on Fundamentals of Software Engineering (FSEN)

作者： Kuehn, Eva TU Wien Inst Comp Languages Vienna Austria

ISBN: (数字)9783319689722

ISBN: (纸本)9783319689722;9783319689715

The Peer Model is a model for the specification of coordination aspects found in concurrent and distributed systems. It provides modeling constructs for flows, time, remoting and exception handling. The main concepts of the ground model are peers, wirings, containers, entries and services. Its intent is to introduce specific modeling abstractions of concurrency and distribution to make designs more readable and suitable for larger problems. However, there still exist coordination aspects that are not straight forward to model with it. In this paper, therefore the Peer Model is extended by modeling constructs for nested, distributed transactions based on the Flex transaction model. This approach eases the advanced control of structured and distributed coordination scenarios that have to cope with complex, dependent and concurrent flows. The evaluation introduces a coordination challenge that requires adaptive and transactional distribution of resources, dependencies between concurrent activities, error handling and compensation. It demonstrates the improvements that can be achieved with the new modeling concepts.

关键词： Coordination model Flexible transactions concurrent and distributed systems

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Using object-oriented algebraic nets for the reverse engineering of Java programs: A case study

Using object-oriented algebraic nets for the reverse enginee...

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1998 International Conference on Application of Concurrency to System Design

作者： Serugendo, GD Guelfi, N Univ Geneva CUI CH-1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)0818683503

The problem addressed ia this paper is the following: "How to use high-level Petri nets for the reverse engineering of implemented distributed applications ?". We present a reverse engineering methodology applied on a real (simple) Java applet based client/server application. First, starting from the Java program, several abstraction steps are described using the CO-OPN/2 formal specification language. Then, we present a brand new research that studies properties preservations during a refinement process.

关键词： reverse engineering Petri nets algebraic specifications concurrent and distributed systems Java property verification

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The Erlang Approach to concurrent System Development

The Erlang Approach to Concurrent System Development

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43rd Annual Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)

作者： Lutz, Michael J. Rochester Inst Technol Software Engn Dept Rochester NY 14623 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467352611

The prevalence of multi-core processors means application developers can no longer ignore concurrency and its attendant problems of data races, deadlock, safety, and liveness. Imperative languages such as Java and C, based on shared, mutable state, have added locks, semaphores and condition variables to address these problems;unfortunately, these locking approaches are notoriously error-prone. Functional ("single assignment") languages with immutable state have been promoted as tools to mitigate these problems. In particular, Erlang, a functional language with roots in Prolog, has been used by Erickson, Ltd., to develop robust, concurrent, fault-tolerant, communications switches (31ms downtime per year). This workshop will introduce Erlang to educators interested in the language per se as well as those focusing on concurrent system development. The goal is to encourage the use of both imperative and functional languages in teaching about concurrency. Participants will install the Erlang system on their notebooks so as to engage in activities along with the organizer. Both sequential and concurrent systems - small but complete - will be developed in conjunction with the presentations. Time is allocated at the end of the workshop to discuss the pedagogical issues involved in adopting Erlang or similar technology.

关键词： functional vs. imperative languages concurrent and distributed systems software engineering education

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A generic approach to structuring and implementing complex fault-tolerant software 5

A generic approach to structuring and implementing complex f...

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5th IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time distributed Computing (ISORC 2002)

作者： Xu, J Randell, B Romanovsky, A Univ Durham Durham DH1 3LE England

ISBN: (纸本)0769515584

This paper addresses the practical implementation of means of tolerating residual software faults in complex software systems, especially concurrent and distributed ones. There are several inherent difficulties in implementing such fault-tolerant software systems, including the controlled use of extra redundancy and the mixture of different design concerns. In an attempt to minimise these difficulties, we present a generic implementation approach, composed of a multi-layered reference architecture, a configuration method and an architectural pattern. We evaluate our implementation approach using an industrial control application whose control software we equip with the ability to tolerate a variety of software faults. The preliminary evidence shows that our approach can simplify the implementation process, reduce repetitive development effort and provide high flexibility through a generic interface for a wide range of fault tolerance schemes.

关键词： architectural patterns concurrent and distributed systems coordinated atomic actions faulttolerant software object orientation

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