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34th Annual IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)

作者： Vitek, R. Gordon, E. Maerkovich, S. Beidas, A. Intel Corp Santa Clara CA 95051 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467315562

A low power and very low area 10-bit 220MS/s SAR ADC is presented. The ADC employs a redundancy scheme that relaxes the DAC settling requirement and enables high sample rates, as well as a digital metastability identification and correction algorithm that exploits the redundancy as an error-correction code. The proposed ADC was implemented in CMOS 65nm, and takes up only 0.015mm(2). At 220MS/s it consumes 4.3mW and achieves 51.7dB SNDR for a full scale sinusoidal input. For OFDM-like signals (wide-band 13dB Peak-to-RMS) the equivalent ENOB is 9.1 bit at 220MS/s. The figure-of-merit (FOM) is 63fJ/(conversion-step) at 220MS/s and 43fJ/conv-step at 160Ms/s.

关键词： redundancy analog digital converter Metastable state correction algorithm Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing Rescue Synthetic aperture radar Specific absorption rate SAFETY ANALYSIS REPORTS error correction LOW POWER

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Rayleigh-backscattering Doppler broadening correction for differential absorption lidar

Rayleigh-backscattering Doppler broadening correction for di...

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International Conference on Frontiers in Optical Imaging Technology and Applications / International Symposium on Terahertz Technology and Applications / International Symposium on Surface Topography and Optical Microscopy

作者： Fan, Lanlan Zhang, Yinchao Chen, Si-ying Guo, Pan Chen, He Beijing Inst Technol Key Lab Photoelect Imaging Technol & Syst Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510601680

The spectral broadening by Rayleigh backscattering can cause large changes in water vapor echo signals, causing errors when the water vapor concentration is inversed by differential absorption lidar (DIAL). A correction algorithm is proposed to revise the errors due to the effect of laser spectral broadening. The relative errors of water vapor are calculated in cases of different aerosol distribution and temperature changes before and after correction. The results show that measurement errors due to the Doppler broadening are more than 5% before correction and a 2% measurement error after corrected for the case of a smooth, background aerosol distribution. However, due to the high aerosol gradients and strong temperature inversion, errors can be up to 40% and 10% with no corrections for this effect, respectively. The relative errors can reduce to less than 2% after correction. Hence, the correction algorithm for Rayleigh Doppler broadening can improve detection accuracy in H2O DIAL measurements especially when it is applied to high aerosol concentration or strong temperature inversion.

关键词： Atmospheric optics Doppler broadening Rayleigh backscattering correction algorithm Range-resolved DIAL Water vapor remote sensing

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Post-processing correction of stray-light in space instruments: application to the 3MI Earth observation instrument

Post-processing correction of stray-light in space instrumen...

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International Conference on Space Optics (ICSO)

作者： Clermont, L. Michel, C. Mazy, E. Stockman, Y. STAR Inst Space Sci Technol Res Ctr Spatial Liege Ave Pre Aily B-4031 Angleur Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781510630772

Stray-light is a major concern in optical instruments and in particular for space missions. While many methods exist to reduce the stray-light by means of hardware optimization, manufacturing capabilities set the limit of the stray-light rejection that can be achieved. Hence, there are situations where the scientists that use the data require stray-light level lower than what hardware alone can reach. This is for example the case of the Metop-SG 3MI mission, which despite a well optimize instrument doesn't reach as is the performance requirement. In such situations, it is necessary to add in the processing chain of the data a stray-light correction algorithm which further reduces the stray-light level. This paper discusses the algorithm implemented for 3MI.

关键词： Stray-light correction post-processing space optics Earth observation correction algorithm

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Stray-light calibration and correction for the MetOp-SG 3MI mission 7

Stray-light calibration and correction for the MetOp-SG 3MI ...

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Conference on Observatory Operations - Strategies, Processes, and Systems VII

作者： Clermont, L. Michel, C. Mazy, E. Pachot, C. Daddi, N. Mastrandrea, C. Stockman, Y. Ctr Spatial Liege Ave Pre Aily B-4031 Angleur Belgium European Space Agcy ESA ESTEC Keplerlaan 1 NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk Netherlands Altran Italia SpA Via Benedetto Croce 37 I-56125 Pisa Italy Leonardo SpA Airborne & Space Syst Via Officine Galileo 1 I-50013 Campi Bisenzio Italy

ISBN: (数字)9781510619623

ISBN: (纸本)9781510619623

The MetOp-SG 3MI mission is part of the EUMETSAT Polar System Second Generation (EPS-SG), an Earth observation Program for Operational Meteorology from Low Earth Orbit. It consists of two multi-spectral cameras, one operating in VNIR and one in SWIR. With 13 spectral channels between 410nm and 2130nm, including polarized channels, the instrument covers a semi-field of view of 57 degrees. Due to tight stray-light specifications, on-ground calibration and post-processing correction are required. This paper covers the stray-light correction and calibration methods. The correction is indeed based on the on-ground measurement of Spatial Point Source Transmittance (SPST) maps. Due to the limited amount of maps which can actually be calibrated within a reasonable amount of time, an interpolation method was developed to deduce the stray-light behavior in the whole field of view of the instrument. Furthermore, dynamic range decomposition was required during the acquisition of the maps to get a high signal to noise ratio. Ray-tracing data from the 3MI optical model were used to evaluate the performance of the correction algorithm, including the contribution of SPST maps interpolation and acquisition errors.

关键词： Stray-light Earth observation correction algorithm calibration optical ground support equipment

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SLANT correction TECHNIQUES BASED ON WIGNER-VILLE DISTRIBUTION APPLIED FOR ARABIC HANDWRITTEN CHARACTERS RECOGNITION SYSTEMS

SLANT CORRECTION TECHNIQUES BASED ON WIGNER-VILLE DISTRIBUTI...

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5th Mosharaka International Conference on Communications, Computers and Applications (MIC-CCA)

作者： Ali, Mohamed A. Sebha Univ Fac Sci Dept Comp Sebha Libya

ISBN: (纸本)9781938302077;9781467352307

The paper introduced here illustrates a technique which has been especially designed to deal with a page containing slanted Arabic handwritten text-lines and shows the way we suggest to deslant it. A reliable slant correction algorithm based on using combination of both projection profile technique and the Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) are incorporated and used for this purpose

关键词： Arabic language correction algorithm recognition system SLOPE Wigner distribution

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Study on the Highly Intelligent Uniformity correction and the Application for Lithography 6

Study on the Highly Intelligent Uniformity Correction and th...

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6th International Conference on Optical and Photonic Engineering (icOPEN)

作者： Cheng Weilin Zhang Fang Lin Donglinag Zeng Aijun Yang Baoxi Huang Huijie Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Opt & Fine Mech Shanghai 201800 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510622579

The uniformity of the illumination field in the scanning direction is an important factor that affects the lithographic overlay accuracy as well as Critical dimension uniformity (CDU). With the improvement of lithography resolution illumination integrated uniformity is also increasing. To improving illumination integrated uniformity, a highly intelligent uniformity correction is introduced, which is used to correct the illumination integrated uniformity by inserting a plurality of independent movable correction plate arrays into the illumination field. In addition, a correction algorithm based on step by step is proposed. The simulation results show that the corrected illumination integrated uniformity is better than 0.3%, which is meeting the requirements of illumination integrated uniformity for 65nm node lithography.

关键词： Lithography Illumination integrated non-uniformity (IINU) Uniformity correction correction algorithm

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Experimental and Theoretical Considerations on the Offset correction of Transient Cooling Curves of Light Emitting Diodes Based on JESD51-14 20

Experimental and Theoretical Considerations on the Offset Co...

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20th International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC)

作者： Daiminger, Franz Xaver Gruber, Martin Dendorfer, Christian Zahner, Thomas Deggendorf Inst Technol Deggendorf Germany Osram Opto Semicond Regensburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479954155

Determination of the thermal resistance of high power light emitting diodes by transient thermal measurements is of rapidly growing interest. Due to electrical disturbances at small delay times, correction algorithms like the offset correction described in JESD51-14 are necessary. A simple model based on a mean temperature is presented which gives insight into the physics of this correction algorithm. It both allows for a rough estimate of time intervals where the correction algorithm is applicable in ideal cases, and it can be used to detect the presence of an interface resistance between the substrate and the package. Measurements and numerical simulations reveal that a significant interface resistance between the epi-layer and the substrate leads to a modification of the thermal transient. Offset correction then leads to an error in the determined thermal resistance in the range of several percent depending on the magnitude of the interface resistance.

关键词： cooling light emitting diodes numerical analysis thermal resistance JESD51-14 electrical disturbances epi-layer interface resistance mean temperature numerical simulations offset correction thermal transient time intervals transient cooling curves transient thermal measurements Heating Light emitting diodes Mathematical model Temperature measurement Thermal resistance Transient analysis bias calibration Light emitting diodes Thermal resistance interface resistance thermal transient correction algorithm Transient analysis temperature measurement Time intervals ELECTRICAL INTERFERENCE Numerical Analysis

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Motion correction of Thermographic Images in Neurosurgery

Motion Correction of Thermographic Images in Neurosurgery

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European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD)

作者： Senger, Vanessa Tetzlaff, Ronald Mueller, Jens Hoffmann, Nico Hollmach, Julia Schnabel, Christian Radev, Yordan Kirsch, Matthias Petersohn, Uwe Steiner, Gerald Koch, Edmund Tech Univ Dresden Fac Med Clin Sensoring & Monitoring D-01307 Dresden Germany Tech Univ Dresden Univ Hosp Dept Neurosurg D-01307 Dresden Germany Tech Univ Dresden Fac Comp Sci Appl Knowledge Representat & Reasoning D-01062 Dresden Germany Tech Univ Dresden Fac Elect & Comp Engn Chair Fundamentals Elect Engn D-01062 Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479998777

Neurosurgery relies strongly on medical imaging techniques. However, many state-of-the-art diagnostic tools such as computer tomography (CT) and magneto-resonance imaging (MRI) cannot be applied during ongoing surgery in general. Our aim is to realize a multi-purpose imaging platform capable of real-time assistance to the surgeon. Therefore, we apply thermography: a non-invasive, contactless, marker-free technique that has been used in various medical applications, albeit some challenges remain. In this paper, we propose a Cellular Nonlinear Network -based image pre-processing for feature enhancing and extraction followed by a cepstrum-based motion correction algorithm allowing a real-time removal of breathing artifacts from thermographic images.

关键词： Neurosurgery correction algorithm images X-Ray Computed Tomography

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Intercomparison of techniques to correct for attenuation of C-band weather radar signals

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY 1998年第8期37卷 845-853页

作者： Gorgucci, E Scarchilli, G Chandrasekar, V Meischner, PF Hagen, M CNR Ist Fis Atmosfera I-00133 Rome Italy Colorado State Univ Ft Collins CO 80523 USA Inst Phys Atmosphare DLR Oberpfaffenhofen Germany

Quantitative application of radar measurements at C band requires correction for attenuation. algorithms to correct for attenuation and differential attenuation are evaluated based on theoretical analysis as well as radar data. The error structure of three different attenuation correction algorithms based on (a) reflectivity, (b) reflectivity and differential reflectivity, and (c) specific differential propagation phase is analyzed. The error structure of two algorithms to correct the differential attenuation based on (a) reflectivity and differential reflectivity, and (b) specific differential propagation phase is presented. Data from the polarimetric C-band Doppler radar POLDIRAD operated by DLR (Germany) are utilized to intercompare the attenuation and differential attenuation correction algorithms. Radar data and theoretical analysis show that the attenuation correction algorithm using reflectivity and differential reflectivity agrees well with the attenuation correction algorithm based on specific differential phase. Similarly, radar data and theoretical analysis indicate that the algorithms to correct for differential attenuation compare well with each other. In addition the fractional standard error of comparison between the algorithms to correct for attenuation and differential attenuation is in good agreement with theoretical results, providing an indirect verification of the accuracies of the algorithms.

关键词： C-band weather radar signals algorithms attenuation correction algorithm Theoretical analysis algorithms radar data Differential Reflectance

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Direct determination of lead in bones using slurry sampling and high-resolution continuum source electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

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ANALYTICAL METHODS 2019年第9期11卷 1254-1263页

作者： Husakova, Lenka Sidova, Tereza Ibrahimova, Lucie Svizelova, Monika Mikysek, Tomas Univ Pardubice Dept Analyt Chem Fac Chem Technol Studentska 573 HB D CZ-53210 Pardubice Czech Republic

A straightforward, quick, sensitive and reliable method is introduced for the determination of lead in bones using slurry sampling and high-resolution continuum source electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-ETAAS). The spectral interference caused by the molecular absorption of PO molecules with rotational fine structure coinciding with the analyte absorption at the most sensitive resonance line 217.001 nm in time was identified and successfully corrected by applying a mathematical correction algorithm using the spectrum obtained by vaporization of hydroxyapatite. The slurry preparation and measuring conditions were determined by means of a response surface methodology. Experiments were designed according to a 2(7-4) replicate (n = 3) fractional factorial design for seven factors (particle size, glycerol and HNO3 concentration, sonication time, concentration of the chemical modifier, pyrolysis and atomization temperature) each at three different levels, including central points. The optimized conditions were 100 mg of a ground sample with particle size < 315 mm, dilution in a liquid-phase composed of 10% w/w glycerol and 5.0% w/w nitric acid solutions, a sonication time of 2 min and the final slurry volume of 10.0 mL. A detection limit of 9.1 mu g kg(-1) and characteristic mass of 7.6 pg were achieved using the suggested method under the optimized experimental conditions. Sufficient analyte stabilization was achieved by using 1 mg Pd and 50 mu g citric acid. Accurate data were obtained with the use of matrix-free calibration. The accuracy of the method was established by analysing NIST SRM 1486 Bone Meal. Further, the results acquired for ten river otter samples by slurry sampling were compared with those determined after microwave-assisted digestion by inductively coupled plasma time of flight mass spectrometry (TOF-ICP-MS) to assess the accuracy of the method. The results obtained by the two methods were compared using a paired t-test (at the 95% con

关键词： time of flight mass spectroscopy correction algorithm molecular absorption RESONANCE LINES Sampling bone meal Continuum Lead

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