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coverage estimation for Multiburst FEC Mobile TV Services in DVB-H Systems

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2010年第7期59卷 3491-3500页

作者： Gomez-Barquero, David Unger, Peter Kuerner, Thomas Cardona, Narcis Univ Politecn Valencia iTEAM Res Inst Valencia 46022 Spain Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig D-38106 Braunschweig Germany

Although Digital Video Broadcast-Handheld (DVB-H) is currently considered to be a mature technology, new multiburst forward error-correction (FEC) schemes such as multiprotocol encapsulation-interburst FEC (MPE-iFEC) and application-layer FEC (AL-FEC) can be applied to mobile TV streaming services to increase the robustness of the transmission. Compared with the conventional intraburst approach MPE-FEC, multiburst encoding provides protection across several bursts rather than within a single burst because it is possible to recover from completely erroneous bursts. The robustness of the transmission can be enhanced, keeping the capacity devoted for error repair (code rate or FEC overhead) and thus increasing the number of interleaved bursts. This paper describes a methodology for estimating the coverage for multiburst FEC DVB-H mobile TV streaming services in realistic scenarios based on dynamic system-level simulations. Furthermore, it presents illustrative performance-evaluation results with field measurements, and it presents simulation results quantifying the reduction in the fading margin required to cope with fast fading and shadowing that can be achieved with multiburst FEC, compared with MPE-FEC.

关键词： Application-layer forward error correction (AL-FEC) coverage estimation digital video broadcast-handheld (DVB-H) mobile TV multiburst FEC multiprotocol encapsulation-interburst FEC (MPE-iFEC)

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coverage estimation methods for stratified fault-injection

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 1999年第7期48卷 707-723页

作者： Cukier, M Powell, D Arlat, J CNRS LAAS F-31077 Toulouse 4 France

This paper addresses the problem of estimating fault tolerance coverage through statistical processing of observations collected in fault-injection experiments. In an earlier paper, various estimators based on simple sampling in the complete fault/activity input space and stratified sampling in a partitioned space were studied;frequentist confidence limits were derived based on a normal approximation. In this paper, the validity of this approximation is analyzed. The theory of confidence regions is introduced to estimate coverage without approximation when stratification is used. Three statistics are considered for defining confidence regions. It is shown that one-a vectorial statistic-is often more conservative than the other two. However, only the vectorial statistic is computationally tractable. We then consider Bayesian estimation methods for stratified sampling. Two methods are presented to obtain an approximation of the posterior distribution of the coverage by calculating its moments. The moments are then used to identify the type of the distribution in the Pearson distribution system, to estimate its parameters, and to obtain the coverage confidence limit. Three hypothetical example systems are used to compare the validity and the conservatism of the frequentist and Bayesian estimations.

关键词： fault tolerance coverage coverage estimation fault-injection stratified sampling confidence regions confidence limits frequentist estimation Bayesian estimation

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coverage estimation in Model Checking with Bitstate Hashing

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2013年第4期39卷 477-486页

作者： Ikeda, Satoshi Jibiki, Masahiro Kuno, Yasushi NEC Corp Ltd Cloud Syst Res Labs Nakahara Ku Kawasaki Kanagawa 2118666 Japan Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol Koganei Tokyo 1848795 Japan Univ Tsukuba Fac Business Sci Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1120012 Japan

Explicit-state model checking which is conducted by state space search has difficulty in exploring satisfactory state space because of its memory requirements. Though bitstate hashing achieves memory efficiency, it cannot guarantee complete verification. Thus, it is desirable to provide a reliability indicator such as a coverage estimate. However, the existing approaches for coverage estimation are not very accurate when a verification run covers a small portion of state space. This mainly stems from the lack of information that reflects characteristics of models. Therefore, we propose coverage estimation methods using a growth curve that approximates an increase in reached states by enlarging a bloom filter. Our approaches improve estimation accuracy by leveraging the statistics from multiple verification runs. coverage is estimated by fitting the growth curve to these statistics. Experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed growth curve and the applicability of our approaches to practical models. In fact, for practical models, our approaches outperformed the conventional ones when the actual coverage is relatively low.

关键词： coverage estimation model checking bitstate hashing

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coverage estimation for Secure Ultraviolet Communication

Coverage Estimation for Secure Ultraviolet Communication

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IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM)

作者： Shan, Tao Cheng, Julian Univ British Columbia Sch Engn Kelowna BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485340

Existing ultraviolet (UV) channel models for pointto-point communication are unsuitable for estimating the coverage in omni-directional UV communication. To solve this problem, we propose a coverage estimation model based on the Monte-Carlo integration (MCI) method. In this model, we assume that the transmitter is located at the origin, and the receivers pointing to the vertical axis of the origin can be anywhere in a specific area. Meanwhile, we validate the proposed MCI model by comparing it with the Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS) model. The average simulation time of the MCS model can be reduced 30 times by the proposed MCI model. Furthermore, the simulation results demonstrate that the transceiver configurations can affect omni-directional communication coverage. Among all the configuration parameters, the elevation angle of the transmitter is most crucial since it determines the shape of the coverage area significantly. Then we perform the elliptic fitting for the path loss contour and analyze the fitting error. The results show that fitting elliptic can well describe the shape of the coverage, especially the farthest part of the coverage area. This work presents an efficient way to estimate coverage in UV omni-directional communication and provides guidelines for the omni-directional communication system design.

关键词： Ultraviolet communication omni-direction communication Monte-Carlo Integration coverage estimation

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coverage estimation of Mobile Network Using Supervised Learning Model on Artificial estimation Dataset

Coverage Estimation of Mobile Network Using Supervised Learn...

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International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Disaster Management (ICT-DM)

作者： Lyu, Feibi Cheng, Chen Zhu, Jiajia Cheng, Xinzhou Xu, Lexi Wang, Zhaoning Qiao, Jinjian Liu, Liang Di, Zixiang China United Network Commun Corp Res Inst Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665432856

Minimization of driving test (MDT) is a key feature for network performance monitoring and optimization in mobile cellular networks. It has been widely used for network coverage estimation. However, the utility of MDT data envisages some challenges, especially positioning inaccuracy and data sparsity. This paper innovatively constructs a multi-source dataset, which is mainly based on MDT and combined with human empirical data. Then, we train a supervised learning model using Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT). Furthermore, the proposed model is used to estimate coverage for Scenario-based area in 31 cities, the result shows that the proposed model has practicability for telecom operator.

关键词： MDT coverage estimation Dataset Construct GBDT

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coverage estimation Using Probabilistic Line-of-Sight Model for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication 2nd

Coverage Estimation Using Probabilistic Line-of-Sight Model ...

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2nd International Conference on Unmanned Aerial Systems in Geomatics (UASG)

作者： Patel, Ankita K. Joshi, Radhika D. Pune Inst Comp Technol Pune Maharashtra India Coll Engn Pune Maharashtra India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031193118;9783031193095;9783031193088

Aerial platforms have recently gained significant popularity for the rapid development of relief networks in emergencies. These platforms are capable to deliver essential wireless communication for various applications such as public safety, natural disasters, or adding coverage to existing terrestrial networks. A reliable prediction of coverage resulting from an aerial base station is important to provide essential air-to-ground wireless services for disaster-affected areas. Line-of-sight (LoS) is an essential component of air-to-ground wireless channels, particularly useful for radio planning and coverage prediction. The performance of an air-to-ground link can be evaluated on three key parameters: elevation angle, communication range, and altitude between the aerial base station and ground receiver. In this paper, we proposed an elevation-dependent line-of-sight model to estimate the area coverage of an aerial base station. The proposed model is derived from statistical parameters of building distribution, defined by the International Telecommunication Union for four urban environments: urban, suburban, dense urban, and high-rise urban. coverage of aerial base station is estimated from building blockage probability which is formulated as a weighted function of the developed LoS model. Estimated coverage is simulated for elevation angle and communication range between UAV and ground receiver for low altitudes up to 500 m. We restricted UAV altitude up to 500 m due to the limitation on flying altitude by regulating authorities. Our results contribute to identifying the optimum elevation angle and communication range between UAV and ground receiver for line-of-sight communication. Based on the results, we deduced that the optimum elevation angle to attain 100% coverage is between 60 and 80 degrees for all urban environments. We observed a significant reduction in the communication range with declination in UAV altitude, to attain the same amount of coverage for urba

关键词： Aerial base station Building blockage probability Communication range coverage estimation Line-of-sight probability UAV

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Cloud-Based Implementation of an Automatic coverage estimation Methodology for Self-Organising Network

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 66456-66474页

作者： Fernandes, Daniel Clemente, Diogo Soares, Gabriela Sebastiao, Pedro Cercas, Francisco Dinis, Rui Ferreira, Lucio S. IUL IT ISCTE Av Forcas Armadas P-1649026 Lisbon Portugal Multivis Consultoria Rua Soeiro Pereira GomesLote 13 C P-1600196 Lisbon Portugal Univ Nova Lisboa FCT P-2829516 Caparica Portugal ISTEC A Linhas Torres 179 P-1750142 Lisbon Portugal COPELABS Lusofona Univ INESC ID Campo Grande 376 P-1749024 Lisbon Portugal

One of the main concerns of telecommunications operators is related to network coverage. A weak coverage can lead to a performance decrease, not only in the user experience, when using the operators & x2019;services, such as multimedia streaming, but also in the overall Quality of Service. This paper presents a novel cloud-based framework of a semi-empirical propagation model that estimates the coverage in a precise way. The novelty of this model is that it is automatically calibrated by using drive test measurements, terrain morphology, buildings in the area, configurations of the network itself and key performance indicators, automatically extracted from the operator & x2019;s network. Requirements and use cases are presented as motivations for this methodology. The results achieve an accuracy of about 5 dB, allowing operators to obtain accurate neighbour lists, optimise network planning and automate certain actions on the network by enabling the Self-Organising Network concept. The cloud implementation enables a fast and easy integration with other network management and monitoring tools, such as the Metric platform, optimising operators & x2019;resource usage recurring to elastic resources on-demand when needed. This implementation was integrated into the Metric platform, which is currently available to be used by several operators.

关键词： estimation Telecommunications Planning Tools Measurement Optimization Cloud computing Cloud implementation coverage estimation drive tests measurements propagation model

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How Reliable is MDT-Based Autonomous coverage estimation in the Presence of User and BS Positioning Error?

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IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2016年第2期5卷 196-199页

作者： Akbari, Iman Onireti, Oluwakayode Imran, Ali Imran, Muhammad Ali Tafazolli, Rahim Univ Surrey ICS Guildford GU2 7XH Surrey England Univ Oklahoma Telecommun Engn Norman OK 73019 USA

Minimization of drive test (MDT) has recently been standardized by 3GPP as a key self organizing network (SON) feature. MDT allows coverage to be estimated at the base station (BS) using user equipment (UE) measurement reports with the objective to eliminate the need for drive tests. However, mostMDTbased coverage estimation methods recently proposed in literature assume that UE position is known at the BS with 100% accuracy, an assumption that does not hold in reality. In this letter, we develop an analytical model that allows the quantification of error in MDT-based autonomous coverage estimation (ACE) as a function of error in UE as well as BS positioning. Our model also allows characterization of error in ACE as function of standard deviation of shadowing.

关键词： Self-organization coverage estimation position estimation error

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Accelerating coverage estimation Through Partial Model Checking

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 2014年第7期63卷 1613-1625页

作者： Chen, Yean-Ru Yeh, Jia-Jen Hsiung, Pao-Ann Chen, Sao-Jie Natl Taiwan Univ Grad Inst Elect Engn Taipei 10617 Taiwan Natl Chung Cheng Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Chiayi 62102 Taiwan

In model checking a system design against a set of properties, coverage estimation is frequently used to measure the amount of system behavior being checked by the properties. A popular coverage estimation method is to mutate the system model and check if the mutation can be detected by the given properties. For each mutation and each property, a full model check is required by some state-of-the-art coverage estimation methods. With such repeated model checking, mutation-based coverage estimation becomes significantly time-consuming. To alleviate this problem, a partial model checking (PMC) technique is proposed to recheck only those system states that were affected by a mutation, thus unnecessary rechecking of a large portion of the system states is avoided and time is saved. The PMC method has been integrated into the State Graph Manipulators model checker. Applying the proposed method to several examples showed that PMC has a saving of 50% to 70% in the coverage estimation time, and a reduction of 90% in mode visits.

关键词： Partial model checking coverage estimation formal verification model checking mutation

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Improved strategies for coverage estimation by using replicated line-intercept sampling

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ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL STATISTICS 2008年第2期15卷 215-239页

作者： Barabesi, Lucio Marcheselli, Marzia Univ Siena Dipartimento Metodi Quantitativi I-53100 Siena Italy

coverage, i.e., the area covered by the target attribute in the study region, is a key parameter in many surveys. coverage estimation is usually performed by adopting a replicated protocol based on line-intercept sampling coupled with a suitable linear homogeneous estimator. Since coverage is a parameter which may be interestingly represented as the integral of a suitable function, improved Monte Carlo strategies for implementing the replicated protocol are introduced in order to achieve estimators with small variance rates. In addition, new specific theoretical results on Monte Carlo integration methods are given to deal with the integrand functions arising in the special coverage estimation setting.

关键词： coverage estimation replicated designs linear homogeneous estimator Monte Carlo integration

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