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Short confidence intervals for the count parameters of the binomial, negative binomial, and hypergeometric distributions

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COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS 2024年

作者： Holladay, Bret A. Schilling, Mark F. Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo Stat Dept San Luis Obispo CA 93407 USA Calif State Univ Northridge Dept Math Northridge CA USA

We study interval estimation of the sample size parameter of the binomial and hypergeometric distributions and of the count parameter of the negative binomial distribution. We compare the performance of the analogs of some of the most notable confidence procedures in the literature, adapting these procedures to our setting. We consider only methods that maintain a coverage probability at or above the nominal confidence level, and in all cases analyzed we identify the procedure(s) attaining the shortest confidence interval length, as judged by cumulative average length and expected length. A link to a Shiny web app is provided for computing the recommended confidence intervals in practice.

关键词： Confidence interval length minimizing coverage probability

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User-Centric Cooperative Transmission in Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2024年第11期73卷 16917-16931页

作者： Chen, Yiqi Zhang, Hongtao Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

The intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) exhibits notable benefits in flexibility, low power consumption, and cost-effectiveness, offering a promising prospect for extensive deployment. However, the performance of the IRS-assisted networks can be hindered by double path-loss fading, resulting in limited serving region and IRS selection constraints. Therefore, it becomes imperative to propose a more rational network architecture that surpasses the current limitations of IRS. This paper proposes a user-centric IRS group cooperative serving scheme, which integrates the benefits of user-side IRS selection and multi-IRS cooperative transmission, and establishes a comprehensive system-level performance analysis framework under the proposed scheme via stochastic geometry. Specifically, IRS cooperative group is decided by an adjustable radius C centered on each user and the IRSs within this circle collaborate to provide services to the user. The average signal strength under cooperative transmission approximated via moment matching, where we propose a general framework to calculate the high order moments of combined channel of IRS-reflected paths as a random sum. In addition, our proposed architecture exacerbates the irregularity of network topology, and more accurate interference Laplace functions by quantifying the irregular interference partitioning are obtained. Numerical results demonstrate that under our proposed user-centric IRS group cooperative serving scheme, the coverage probability can be improved by 3.66x when signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) equals to 0 dB, compared to traditional network with no IRSs.

关键词： Interference Wireless communication System performance Geometry Topology Throughput Stochastic processes coverage probability stochastic geometry intelligent reflecting surface user-centric cooperative transmission

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Location-Dependent Performance Analysis for RIS-Aided or Interference Mitigation Assisted Large-Scale Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2025年第4期74卷 6844-6849页

作者： Chen, Changshan Jiang, Hao Pan, Cunhua Xuzhou Univ Technol Sch Informat Engn Sch Big Data Xuzhou 221018 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Artificial Intelligence Sch Future Technol Nanjing 210044 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Natl Mobile Commun Res Lab Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China

The potential of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to enhance performance for various user types across different cell locations in large-scale networks, as well as its comparative effectiveness against other methods such as interference mitigation (IM), remains largely unexplored. To fill this gap, in this paper the coverage probability (CP) for location-dependent users with RIS and without RIS is derived in closed-form expressions, through which the performance of RIS can be readily evaluated for different types of users. For some special practical cases, these closed-form expressions of CP can be simplified to very simple forms, which quantitatively reveal the potential of RIS on CP improvement. Also, the closed-form expressions of CP for various types of users with IM are derived to give a comparison with RIS. Furthermore, by employing the Jensen's inequality and Taylor expansion, the performance assessment of our analytical results and an accurate approximation for the case that RISs are randomly deployed are provided. The theoretical results are consistent with simulation results, which demonstrate that for different types of users under different performance requirements, proper choice for the methods of enhancing user performance (i.e., RIS-assisted or IM, and hence the operation model of RIS) is necessary.

关键词： coverage probability location-dependent performance comparison performance comparison reconfigurable intelligent surface reconfigurable intelligent surface reconfigurable intelligent surface

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Unscaled Indices for Assessing Agreement of Functional Data

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BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL 2025年第1期67卷 e70039页

作者： Choi, Kaeum Jang, Jeong Hoon Yonsei Univ Dept Stat & Data Sci Seoul South Korea Yonsei Univ Quantitat Risk Management Incheon 21983 South Korea

A decision to adopt a new medical device requires a rigorous assessment of the reliability and reproducibility of its clinical measurements. In this paper, with the goal of establishing the validity and acceptability of modern high-tech medical devices that generate functional data, we focus on the problem of assessing agreement of multiple functional data that are measured on the same subjects by different methods/technologies/raters. Specifically, we introduce a series of unscaled indices, total deviation index (TDI) and coverage probability (CP), that themselves are functions of time and can delineate the trends of intramethod, intermethod, and total (intra+inter) agreement of functional data across time in terms of the original measurement scale. We also develop scalar-valued TDI and CP indices that summarize the degree of agreement over the entire domain based on the weighted average idea. We advocate an experimental design under which each of the two methods generates replicated functional data measurements for each subject, and express each index using a mean function and variance components of a bivariate multilevel functional linear mixed effects model. Such a formulation allows us to smoothly estimate the indices based on our bivariate multilevel functional principal component analysis approach that only requires eigenanalyses of univariate covariance functions for better efficiency and scalability. Comprehensive simulation studies are conducted to examine the finite-sample properties of the estimators. The proposed method is applied to assess the reliability and reproducibility of renogram curves generated by diuresis renography, a high-tech medical imaging device widely used to detect kidney obstruction.

关键词： agreement coverage probability functional data functional principal component analysis total deviation index

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Performance Analysis of CUPS-Enabled Space-Ground Cellular Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2024年第5期73卷 6795-6810页

作者： Al-Gunid, Haithm M. Hawbani, Ammar Wang, Xingfu Yang, Mingchuan Naji, Abdulbary Tian, Hui Al-Dhabi, Yunes Zhao, Liqiang Zhao, Liang Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Comp Sci & Technol Hefei 230031 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Dept Commun Res Ctr Harbin 150001 Peoples R China Griffith Univ Sch Informat & Commun Technol Nathan Qld 4222 Australia Xidian Univ State Key Lab Integrated Serv Networks Xian 710071 Peoples R China Shenyang Aerosp Univ Shenyang 110136 Peoples R China

Control- and User-Plane Separation (CUPS) and Space Cellular Networks (SCNs) are promising solutions for delivering ubiquitous connectivity and high-traffic wireless services on a global scale. Nevertheless, the potential benefit of CUPS in the separation networks' coverage and data service functions has not been fully leveraged in enabling reliable connectivity. In this paper, we propose a CUPS-enabled Integrated Space-Ground Cellular Network (CUPS-ISGCN). Specifically, Control Base Stations (CBSs) are optimized by deploying them on the space layer to form the Control Plane (CP) and increase coverage for more users over a wide area. Meanwhile, Traffic Base Stations (TBSs) located on the ground layer form the User Plane (UP) and deliver high bit rates within the coverage area of the CP. To maximize CP coverage and improve UP efficiency, we introduce CUPS-enabled SCN into the CP and provide the analytical models to analyze the performance of the CUPS-ISGCN in terms of CP coverage and UP efficiency. By using stochastic geometry, we derive the general closed-form expressions for CP coverage. Then, we thoroughly study UP's performance as a function of the channel parameters between 2-planes, CP and UP. Based on the analysis results, it's proved that the proposed CUPS-ISGCN structure improved the CP coverage performance and UP efficiency.

关键词： Reliability Analytical models Cellular networks Interference Base stations Stochastic processes Signal to noise ratio Control-and user-plane separation (CUPS) space-ground cellular networks area spectral efficiency energy efficiency coverage probability

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Macro-Diversity in Cellular Networks With Correlated Blockage Model

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2024年第4期72卷 2399-2411页

作者： Liu, Bin Hu, Haifeng Shi, Hongkui Wang, Hong Song, Rongfang Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Coll Telecommun & Informat Engn Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China

Blockage effects can dramatically deteriorate high frequency cellular network performance. One practical solution is to apply macro-diversity technique, where the user associates with more than one Base Station (BS), to improve the chance of Light-Of-Sight (LOS) link availability. However, how the correlations are brought by both blockages and cooperative BSs is still unclear due to the analytical complexity. In addition, these two kinds of correlations are highly coupled and further impact macro-diversity gain. On basis of the cascade blockage model, this paper proposes a new functional framework to evaluate macro-diversity gains from the perspective of a typical user subjected to three metrics: joint LOS probability, conditional LOS probability and coverage probability. We first derive a set of tractable functional equations to describe three performance metrics. Then corresponding iterative algorithms that can be solved efficiently are designed respectively for three metrics. This analytical framework gains insight into contradictory requirements for macro-diversity, which not only guide the usage of Coordinated MultiPoint (CoMP) in realistic environments, but also determine the beamforming usage in mmWave band. We demonstrate the feasibility and flexibility of this functional framework by a simplified joint transmission example.

关键词： Correlation Measurement Mathematical models Iterative methods Millimeter wave communication Couplings Cellular networks Stochastic geometry cascade blockage model iterative algorithms macro-diversity joint LOS probability conditional LOS probability coverage probability

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Parametric bootstrap and fiducial inference for two-sample problems: two-parameter Maxwell distributions

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COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION 2025年

作者： Chowdhury, Faysal A. Krishnamoorthy, Kalimuthu Florida Gulf Coast Univ Dept Math Ft Myers FL USA Univ Louisiana Lafayette Dept Math Lafayette LA 70504 USA

Construction of confidence intervals (CIs) for the difference between means and for the ratio of means of two Maxwell distributions is considered. CIs based on the fiducial approach and parametric bootstrap method are proposed and compared with respect to coverage probability and precision. These methods are also extended to find CIs for a difference between percentiles and for a ratio of percentiles of two Maxwell distributions. In particular, CIs for the ratio of the 5th percentiles and for the ratio of the medians are developed and evaluated for accuracy in terms of coverage probability and compared in terms of precision. The methods are illustrated using two examples with real life data.

关键词： coverage probability Equivariant estimator Fiducial method Location-scale family MLEs PB approach Precision

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coverage Analysis for RIS-Assisted Two-Tier HetNets With Repulsion

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IEEE ACCESS 2025年 13卷 6656-6666页

作者： Chen, Changshan Xuzhou Univ Technol Sch Informat Engn Sch Big Data Xuzhou 221018 Peoples R China

The performance analysis for the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided large-scale heterogeneous networks (HetNets) with spatial repulsion among base stations (BSs) in real networks has yet to be fully explored. To fill the gap, the user performance in the RIS-aided two-tier HetNet with repulsion is analyzed in this paper. Specifically, the approximate closed-form expressions of the coverage probability (CP) of the typical user (TU) for the RIS-assisted two-tier HetNet, in which the spatial locations of the macrocell BSs are modeled as Beta Ginibre Point Process (beta-GPP), under different operation models of RIS are derived. Moreover, for some special situations, simple formulas can be derived from these closed-form expressions, which numerically reveal the effectiveness of RIS on enhancing the CP in HetNet over the case without RIS. In addition, the extension of our analysis to the case where RISs are randomly scattered in the HetNets is discussed in this paper. Finally, we find that the CP of the TU in the real RIS-aided HetNet can be well predicted with high accuracy by our analysis in the numerical results, in which the performance comparison under different cases for different operation models of RIS is also conducted to provide a guidance for the effective utilization of RIS in practical HetNet.

关键词： Interference Analytical models Accuracy Resource management NOMA Load modeling Heterogeneous networks Geometry Feedback amplifiers Distribution functions Reconfigurable intelligent surface heterogeneous networks coverage probability spatial repulsion

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coverage and Throughput Analysis for Peer-to-Peer 6G Directional Slotted Aloha Bursty Networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2024年第3期73卷 4293-4308页

作者： Comisso, Massimiliano Vatta, Francesca Buttazzoni, Giulia Babich, Fulvio Univ Trieste Dept Engn & Architecture DIA I-34127 Trieste Italy Natl Interuniv Consortium Telecommun CNIT I-50139 Florence Italy

This paper presents a theoretical framework for investigating the coverage and throughput behavior of sixth generation (6G) peer-to-peer (P2P) directional slotted Aloha (DirSA) networks managing bursty traffic flows. Proper channel models, accounting for interference, noise, path-loss, random node location, power fluctuation, and beam pointing error, are adopted to derive analytical expressions for the statistic of the received power in ground, air, and space propagation contexts. The resulting coverage probability, obtained in simple integral form for different omnidirectional/directional transmission/reception modes, is exploited to derive multidimensional Markov chains for estimating the throughput in the absence and in the presence of a feedback mechanism, considering also the impact of the initial access procedure and of the beam training overhead. The theoretical results, which are validated by exhaustive Monte Carlo simulations, are used to evaluate the influence of the code-modulation scheme, of the operating signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), and of the burst length on the performance of 6G terrestrial, aerial, and satellite P2P DirSA subnets.

关键词： Peer-to-peer (P2P) 6G directional slotted Aloha (DirSA) coverage probability throughput analysis

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Enhancing Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks via UAV-Borne Aerial IRS Swarms

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2024年第1期72卷 524-538页

作者： Deng, Na Shi, Xiaoming Sheng, Min Liu, Junyu Wei, Haichao Zhao, Nan Niyato, Dusit Dalian Univ Technol DLUT Sch Informat & Commun Engn Dalian 116024 Peoples R China Xidian Univ State Key Lab Integrated Serv Networks Xian 710071 Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Shenzhen Res Inst Big Data Sch Sci & Engn Shenzhen Campus Shenzhen 518172 Guangdong Peoples R China Dalian Maritime Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Dalian 116026 Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

Combining intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) with an unmanned aerial vehicle to form aerial IRS (AIRS) swarms is an effective way to enable panoramic full-angle reflection, high configuration flexibility and reliable air-ground line-of-sight (LoS) connections, especially in millimeter wave (mmWave) bands. In this paper, we use stochastic geometry to provide a performance analytical framework for AIRS swarm-assisted mmWave cellular networks, where each base station (BS) has an AIRS swarm to assist downlink communications. To capture the swarm property of AIRSs and the dependence between AIRS swarms and BSs, the AIRSs in each swarm are uniformly and randomly distributed in a finite circular area centered on their assisting BS. Incorporating different LoS/non-LoS propagation characteristics, a two-step user association policy is proposed to pursue an efficient communication link between the BS and its users with the assistance of AIRS swarm. We derive the coverage probability and area spectral efficiency (ASE) by considering three types of interference which are directly from interfering BSs, reflected by active AIRSs of other swarms and reflected by the assisting AIRS for the typical user, respectively. The results reveal that AIRS swarms enhance both coverage and ASE performance and have the optimal height and density that maximize the coverage probability in mmWave cellular networks.

关键词： Millimeter wave communication Cellular networks Atmospheric modeling Autonomous aerial vehicles Array signal processing Surface waves Interference Intelligent reflecting surface unmanned aerial vehicle millimeter wave stochastic geometry coverage probability

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