检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

作者： Wenji Zhang Paul V. Lehmann

ELISPOT results used to be evaluated visually which, however, is inevitably subjective, inaccurate, and cumbersome. Even when applying automated image analysis to this end, the results are highly variable if the counting parameters are set subjectively. Since objective, accurate, and reproducible measurements are fundamental to science, major efforts have been undertaken over the last decade at CTL to understand the scientific principles behind ELISPOT data and to develop “intelligent” image analysis algorithms based on these principles. Thus, a spot recognition and gating algorithm was developed to automatically recognize the signatures of defined cell populations, such as T cells, discerning them from irrelevant cell types and noise. In this way, the science of ELISPOT data analysis has been introduced, permitting exact frequency measurement against background. As ELISPOT assays become a gold standard for monitoring antigen-specific T-cell immunity in clinical trials, the need has surfaced to make ELISPOT data transparent, reproducible, and tamper-proof, complying with Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) and Code for Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 11 guidelines. Flow cytometry-based and other immune monitoring assay platforms face the same challenge. In this chapter, we provide an overview of how CTL’s ImmunoSpot® platform for ELISPOT data analysis, management, and documentation meets these challenges. less

关键词： Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay (ELISPOT) Image Analysis Statistical Calculation data analysis T cells data management Spot recognition ImmunoSpot® AutoGate™ Spot morphology Good Laboratory Practice Code for Federal Regulations SmartCount™ SpotMap™ data documentation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A conceptual framework for managing very diverse data for complex, interdisciplinary science

引用

JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE 2011年第6期37卷 555-569页

作者： Parsons, Mark A. Godoy, Oystein LeDrew, Ellsworth de Bruin, Taco F. Danis, Bruno Tomlinson, Scott Carlson, David Univ Colorado Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr Boulder CO 80309 USA Univ Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

Much attention has been given to the challenges of handling massive data volumes in modern data-intensive science. This paper examines an equally daunting challenge - the diversity of interdisciplinary data, notably research data, and the need to interrelate these data to understand complex systemic problems such as environmental change and its impact. We use the experience of the International Polar Year 2007-8 (IPY) as a case study to examine data management approaches seeking to address issues around complex interdisciplinary science. We find that, while technology is a critical factor in addressing the interdisciplinary dimension of the data intensive science, the technologies developing for exa-scale data volumes differ from those that are needed for extremely distributed and heterogeneous data. Research data will continue to be highly heterogeneous and distributed and will require technologies to be much simpler and more flexible. More importantly, there is a need for both technical and cultural adaptation. We describe a vision of discoverable, open, linked, useful, and safe collections of data, organized and curated using the best principles and practices of information and library science. This vision provides a framework for our discussion and leads us to suggest several short-and long-term strategies to facilitate a socio-technical evolution in the overall science data ecosystem.

关键词： Antarctic Arctic data archives data casting data discovery data documentation data management data preservation data sharing interdisciplinary science international collaboration International Polar Year linked data long tail of science metadata ontology open data polar regions research data socio-technical systems standards World data System

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The application of archival concepts to a data-intensive environment: working with scientists to understand data management and preservation needs

引用

ARCHIVAL SCIENCE 2011年第3-4期11卷 329-348页

作者： Akmon, Dharma Zimmerman, Ann Daniels, Morgan Hedstrom, Margaret Univ Michigan Sch Informat 4322 North Quad105 S State St Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

The collection, organization, and long-term preservation of resources are the raison d'etre of archives and archivists. The archival community, however, has largely neglected science data, assuming they were outside the bounds of their professional concerns. Scientists, on the other hand, increasingly recognize that they lack the skills and expertise needed to meet the demands being placed on them with regard to data curation and are seeking the help of "data archivists" and "data curators." This represents a significant opportunity for archivists and archival scholars but one that can only be realized if they better understand the scientific context.

关键词： Science data data curation data reuse data management data documentation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A plea for more caution in fault-slip analysis

引用

TECTONOPHYSICS 2010年第1-4期482卷 29-41页

作者： Sperner, Blanka Zweigel, Peter Tech Univ Bergakad Freiberg Inst Geol D-09599 Freiberg Germany Statoil ASA N-7501 Stjordal Norway

The analysis of fault-slip data is a widely used tool in structural geology. This method consists of three major steps: (a) data acquisition by measurements in outcrops, (b) data separation into homogeneous subsets and calculation of the principal stress or strain axes with one of several available methods, and (c) data interpretation in a regional tectonic context, which includes the assignment of ages and the derivation of regional patterns. Each one of these three steps may introduce artefacts and misinterpretations. The major problem during step (a) is sampling bias due to unfavourable outcrop geometry or due to neglecting faults with subtle slip-sense indicators. Step (b) contains numerous possibilities to influence the calculation results, e.g. by arbitrary separation of data into subsets, choice of the analysis method, and uncritical use of software. Age assignment in step (c) can in most cases be made only indirectly, e.g. by the assumption that measured outcrop-scale faults have the same age as parallel map-scale faults or by the inference that subsets from different sites with parallel-oriented principal axes are syngenetic. Neither assumption is necessarily valid. With this paper we want to sharpen researchers' awareness of the problems related to fault-slip analysis. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fault-slip analysis Stress tensor data documentation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Method for Automating Geospatial dataset Metadata

引用

FUTURE INTERNET 2009年第1期1卷 28-46页

作者： Batcheller, James K. Gittings, Bruce M. Dunfey, Robert I. Univ Edinburgh Sch GeoSci Inst Geog Drummond St Edinburgh EH8 9XP Midlothian Scotland

Metadata have long been recognised as crucial to geospatial asset management and discovery, and yet undertaking their creation remains an unenviable task often to be avoided. This paper proposes a practical approach designed to address such concerns, decomposing various data creation, management, update and documentation process steps that are subsequently leveraged to contribute towards metadata record completion. Using a customised utility embedded within a common GIS application, metadata elements are computationally derived from an imposed feature metadata standard, dataset geometry, an integrated storage protocol and pre-prepared content, and instantiated within a common geospatial discovery convention. Yielding 27 out of a 32 total metadata elements (or 15 out of 17 mandatory elements) the approach demonstrably lessens the burden of metadata authorship. It also encourages improved geospatial asset management whilst outlining core requisites for developing a more open metadata strategy not bound to any particular application domain.

关键词： geospatial metadata metadata automation data documentation discovery metadata feature metadata

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Software management of documented food composition data

引用

JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS 2002年第4期15卷 491-497页

作者： Unwin, ID Becker, W Food Informat Consultancy Cambridge CB4 5PZ England Swedish Natl Food Adm Uppsala Sweden

A Food database Management System (FDBMS) has been developed for the review, compilation and documentation of data for nutrients and other food components, and for their comparison with the values in other databases. A flexible user interface supports rapid and convenient display and editing of data, providing a tabular layout with user-selected components, foods selected from any available database and additional rows for documentation when required. Property windows display detailed information on individual foods, values and source references. Key aspects of data documentation are discussed, together with possible further developments in these areas. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： data documentation food composition data management database software

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Observational data sets for model development

引用

COASTAL ENGINEERING 2000年第1-3期41卷 125-153页

作者： Lane, A Riethmüller, R Herbers, D Rybaczok, P Günther, H Baumert, H Bidston Observ Proudman Oceanog Lab Birkenhead CH43 7RA Merseyside England GKSS Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH Inst Hydrophys D-21502 Geesthacht Germany Hydromod Sci Consulting D-22880 Wedel Germany

The requirements of 'comprehensive' or 'compatible' observational data sets for developing and verifying models are examined. 'Compatibility' over the range of key parameters involves accuracy, spatial and temporal extent, and resolution. The importance of documentation is emphasised on all aspects from experimental strategy to sensor calibration. Likewise, maximising accessibility involves listing in international directories, quick-view summary facilities as well as detailed data listings. Such accessibility generally includes: multi-media dissemination involving the Internet;printed papers and reports;CD ROMs. Experiences from two coastal observational experiments are reviewed: Holderness on the UK cast coast and Sylt-Romo in the German Bight. These examples provide particular illustrations of the generalised principles. They extend to usage of satellite, aircraft, radar, ship, surface and sea bed moorings, and piles as platforms. Specific capabilities, limitations and idiosyncrasies of a range of instruments are described. Effective monitoring strategies must aim to exploit the associated synergies between this full range of platforms and instrumentation. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： currents data calibration data dissemination data documentation data processing measurement strategy suspended sediments waves

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evaluating paper machine operation - 1. Equipment and operation - (a) Principles - An efficient mill provides the needed information before the paper machine evaluation team arrives on site

引用

PULP & PAPER-CANADA 1998年第5期99卷 35-42页

作者： Mardon, J Chinn, GP O'Blenes, G Robertson, G Tkacz, A Omni Continental W Vancouver BC Canada Fletcher Challenge Canada Ltd Vancouver BC Canada

In a three-part paper, we describe how an machine evaluation team would assess the equipment and operational aspects of a paper machine operation as part of a paper mill system. The evaluation method is based on rules for efficient machine operation, and Lost Efficiency Analysis. An external team called in by a mill for such work will require sufficient information, before arriving on-site, to carry out preliminary evaluations of machine/mill operation and Lost Efficiency. At a first-class mill, the information needed will already be in routine use. Any information not made available beforehand will have to be secured by the evaluators on-site, and this will reduce the time available for work on the machines. Detailed tables list rules for efficient machine operation;breakdown groups for Lost Efficiency Analysis;and information required, in advance and on arrival, by a machine evaluation team.

关键词： paper machines machine operation evaluation efficiency data documentation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

MARBURGER CONCEPT FOR COMPUTER-AIDED ACQUISITION, PROCESSING AND documentation OF PATIENT data IN THE INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT

引用

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MONITORING AND COMPUTING 1990年第1期7卷 7-13页

作者： HOLTERMANN, W KNOCH, M PFEIFFER, H MULLER, EE LENNARTZ, H Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Phillips-University Hospital Marburg West Germany

The authors report on their experience with the computer-aided acquisition, processing and documentation of patient data in an intensive care unit. The goal of an effective data and information collection system in the intensive care unit is to make therapy, and the patients respond to it, recognizable and understandable through the clear and complete representation of the patients conditions. The focal point of the data documentation is the medical record. In the implementation of a computer-aided data documentation and processing system the application of one central PC is unpractical. Each bed will be equipped with its own PC, and all the individual PCs will be connected to one central PC, which functions as server, and to connected to another PC in the doctors room. The data will be managed in a powerful database-management-system and be stored on an optical-disk. The development of an effective man/machine interface is especially important. In addition we can promote the user acceptance in other ways, so as to ensure a concrete benefit for each user group.

关键词： computer data documentation database ICU user-acceptance

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Experience: Bridging data Measurement and Ethical Challenges with Extended data Briefs

引用

Journal of data and Information Quality 1000年

作者： Marco Rondina Antonio Vetrò Alessandro Fabris Gianmaria Silvello Gian Antonio Susto Marco Torchiano Juan Carlos De Martin DAUIN-Department of Control and Computer Engineering Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy Max Planck Institute for Cyber Security and Privacy Bochum Germany Department of Mathematics Informatics and Geoscience Università degli Studi di Trieste Trieste Italy Department of Information Engineering Università degli Studi di Padova Padova Italy

To promote the responsible development and use of data-driven technologies –such as machine learning and artificial intelligence– principles of trustworthiness, accountability and fairness should be followed. The quality of the dataset on which these applications rely, is crucial to achieve compliance with the required ethical principles. Quantitative approaches to measure data quality are abundant in the literature and among practitioners, however they are not sufficient to cover all the principles and ethical challenges *** this paper, we show that complementing data quality with measurable dimensions of data documentation and of data balance helps to cover a wider range of ethical challenges connected to the use of datasets in algorithms. A synthetic report of the metrics applied (the Extended data Brief) and a set of Risk Labels for the Ethical Challenges provide a practical overview of the potential ethical harms due to data composition. We believe that the proposed data labelling scheme will enable practitioners to improve the overall quality of datasets and to build more responsible data-driven software systems.

关键词： data quality data documentation data ethics

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：