It has been established that weeds are spatially aggregated with a spatially varying composition of weed species within agricultural fields. Site-specific spraying therefore requires a decision method that includes th...
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It has been established that weeds are spatially aggregated with a spatially varying composition of weed species within agricultural fields. Site-specific spraying therefore requires a decision method that includes the spatial variation of the weed composition and density. A computerized decision method that estimates an economic optimal herbicide dose according to site-specific weed composition and density is presented in this paper. The method was termed a 'decision algorithm for patch spraying' (DAPS) and was evaluated in a 5-year experiment, in Denmark. DAPS consists of a competition model, a herbicide dose-response model and an algorithm that estimates the economically optimal doses. The experiment was designed to compare herbicide treatments with DAPS recommendations and the Danish decision support system PC-Plant Protection. The results did not show any significant grain yield difference between DAPS and PC-Plant Protection;however, the recommended herbicide doses were significantly lower when using DAPS than PC-Plant Protection in all years. The main difference between the two decision models is that DAPS integrates crop-weed competition and estimates the net return as a continuous function of herbicide dose. The hypothesis tested is that the benefit of using lower herbicide doses recommended by DAPS would disappear after a few years because weed density will increase and thus require higher doses. However, the results of weed counting every year did not confirm this hypothesis.
Two soft decision decoding algorithms for a new class of runlength-limited error control codes with maximum runlength constraints 2, 6 and 14 are presented. Software simulation results for illustrative codes of block ...
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Two soft decision decoding algorithms for a new class of runlength-limited error control codes with maximum runlength constraints 2, 6 and 14 are presented. Software simulation results for illustrative codes of block length 16 and 64 provide a comparison with the general soft decision decoders proposed by Chase (1972).
The red cell distribution width (RDW) calculated from the data of an erythrocyte size distribution (ESD) histogram generated by a Technicon H6000/H601® blood cell analyser was shown to be not suitable for disting...
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The red cell distribution width (RDW) calculated from the data of an erythrocyte size distribution (ESD) histogram generated by a Technicon H6000/H601® blood cell analyser was shown to be not suitable for distinguishing iron deficiency from thalassaemia trait and other microcytic conditions. The absolute distribution width at half maximum (ADW0.5) of these ESD histograms can be used efficiently for screening on thalassaemia trait. The ADW0.5values appeared to be more powerful for detecting α thalassaemia and β thalassaemia trait than the decision algorithms described earlier. A decreased MCV combined with a small ADW0.5offers an indication of thalassaemia trait, the diagnosis being later confirmed by more definitive methods. By utilizing the ADW0.5, the number of subjects with thalassaemia trait, particularly those with α thalassaemia, detected in the south of The Netherlands was highly increased.
The concept of binary decision trees is extended to include multiple output Boolean functions. A systematic and programmable method is then developed for the minimization of trees realizing multiple output incompletel...
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The concept of binary decision trees is extended to include multiple output Boolean functions. A systematic and programmable method is then developed for the minimization of trees realizing multiple output incompletely specified functions. Further simplification of minimal trees can be achieved through state reduction methods to obtain subminimal decision algorithms. Possible physical realizations of decision trees and algorithms as well as their applications are discussed.
decision makers in health care systems are given greater emphasis to ambulatory care because of its recognized magnitude (in terms of volume of services rendered) and its potential cost-effectiveness. A challenge to c...
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decision makers in health care systems are given greater emphasis to ambulatory care because of its recognized magnitude (in terms of volume of services rendered) and its potential cost-effectiveness. A challenge to computer scientists is to develop and evaluate computer support systems for ambulatory care professionals at each one of several critical decision points of the care process. These decision points may be at the level of interaction between patient and physician at the time of each encounter, or at the institutional level where the effect is on the setting in which ambulatory care is delivered. Early experiences of computer applications in ambulatory medicine are helping to delineate areas where there is promise widespread implementation. One of these areas is the computerization of summary ambulatory medical records such as the health-illness profile. This document serves the dual purpose of facilitating medical decisions at the time of each patient encounter, and administrative decisions made by the clinic directors to meet the health needs of the community.
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