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Organic Growth: Toward a Holistic Approach to European Research and Innovation

IEEE POWER & ENERGY MAGAZINE 2015年第1期13卷 30-37页

作者： Thong Vu Van Norton, Mark Ivanov, Chavdar Delimar, Marko Hatziargyriou, Nikos Stromsather, Jon Iliceto, Antonio Llanos, Carlos Panciatici, Patrick ENTSO E Brussels Belgium EirGrid Dublin Ireland Univ Zagreb Zagreb Croatia Natl Tech Univ Athens Athens Greece Enel Distribuz Catania Italy Terna Rome Italy REE Alcobendas Spain RTE Paris France

This article summarizes the efforts of European network operators to adopt a holistic approach to their research and innovation (R&I) activities. Transmission system operators (TSOs) in Europe represented by ENTSO-E and distribution system operators (DSOs) represented by EDSO-SG, as well as organizations such as European Technology Platform Smart Grids (ETP SmartGrids), regularly publish and update road maps, implementation plans, and strategic research agendas. These documents are closely related to each other, aiming at ensuring a coordinated approach to grids and the integration of new technologies. As a package, all of this activity is tailored to addressing the challenges network operators face in meeting many overarching energy policy goals at the pan-European level.

关键词： Europe Electricity Planning Roads density estimation robust algorithm Technological innovation Asset management

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FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEMS - DESIGN WITH REGARD TO SENSITIVITY

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLICATIONS AND INDUSTRY 1964年第75期83卷 360-&页

作者： RUNG, BT THALER, GJ U.S. Naval Postgraduate School USA Department of Electrical Engineering U.S. Naval Postgraduate School Monterrey CA USA

A compensation design method is proposed, which not only secures a desired location for the dominant roots on the s plane, but also satisfies conditions concerning the sensitivity of these dominant roots to the varyin... 详细信息

关键词： Feedback control Books Stability analysis Switches Automatic control Nonlinear systems density estimation robust algorithm Control systems Poles and zeros Chemical processes

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FLEXIBLE DISTRIBUTION OF ENERGY AND STORAGE RESOURCES Integrating these resources into a microgrid

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IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS MAGAZINE 2015年第5期21卷 32-42页

作者： Illindala, Mahesh S. Khasawneh, Hussam J. Renjit, Ajit A. Ohio State Univ Columbus OH 43210 USA Univ Jordan Amman Jordan

Industrial power systems in the mining and metal industries typically comprise several large and fluctuating loads, such as crushers, excavators, shovels, and steel mills. Flexible distribution of energy and storage resources (FDERS) is a proposed new framework for reliably regulating the quickly varying loads supplied by a network of multiple smaller-rated distributed energy resources (DERs), especially when power from the main grid is not available. It was inspired by the cooperative V-shape formation of flocks of birds and the peloton/echelon formation of cycling racing teams for extending their endurance limits. Similar ideas applied to integrating DERs can extend sustainability through increased resource lifetime, optimal energy storage deployment, enhanced controllability, and improved system robustness.

关键词： density estimation robust algorithm Batteries Microgrids Voltage control Power distribution Inverters Energy storage

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QUASI-LINEARIZATION DESIGN OF NONLINEAR FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEMS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLICATIONS AND INDUSTRY 1964年第72期83卷 189-&页

作者： CHEN, K Westinghouse Electric Corporation Pittsburgh PA USA

This paper describes an application of the quasi-linearization principle and the use of off-line analog computers for the design of nonlinear feedback control systems. The design objective is to make the feedback system meet a set of transient as well as steady-state specifications under deterministic system inputs. According to the given specifications, the desired input to the nonlinear element is established. With the aid of an analog computer, the nonlinear element is tested by its desired input. Based on the test result, the nonlinear element is replaced by an equivalent linear element which has approximately the same input-output relationship as the nonlinear element. Linear system design techniques are then used to design the quasi-linearized systems, such that the actual input to the nonlinear element is indeed as desired. High-order feedback control systems in which the major nonlinearity, arises from the preamplifier and/or the error-measuring device are particularly amenable to this approach.

关键词： Feedback control Equations Books Preamplifiers Analog computers Testing Sampling methods density estimation robust algorithm Steady-state Control systems

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Optimal Hyper-Parameter Tuning of SVM Classifiers With Application to Medical Diagnosis

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IEEE ACCESS 2018年 6卷 7164-7176页

作者： Rojas-Dominguez, Alfonso Carlos Padierna, Luis Carpio Valadez, Juan Martin Puga-Soberanes, Hector J. Fraire, Hector J. Inst Tecnol Leon Tecnol Nacl Mexico Leon Mexico Inst Tecnol Ciudad Madero Tecnol Nacl Mexico Ciudad Madero 89460 Mexico

Proper tuning of hyper-parameters is essential to the successful application of SVM-classifiers. Several methods have been used for this problem: grid search, random search, estimation of distribution algorithms (EDAs), bio-inspired metaheuristics, among others. The objective of this paper is to determine the optimal method among those that recently reported good results: Bat algorithm, Firefly algorithm, Fruit-fly optimization algorithm, particle Swarm optimization, Univariate Marginal Distribution algorithm (UMDA), and Boltzmann-UMDA. The criteria for optimality include measures of effectiveness, generalization, efficiency, and complexity. Experimental results on 15 medical diagnosis problems reveal that EDAs are the optimal strategy under such criteria. Finally, a novel performance index to guide the optimization process, that improves the generalization of the solutions while maintaining their effectiveness, is presented.

关键词： Support vector machines medical diagnosis heuristic algorithms particle swarm optimization density estimation robust algorithm boltzmann distribution

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TRANSIT-TIME EFFECTS IN THE NOISE OF SCHOTTKY-BARRIER DIODES

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES 1986年第11期34卷 1183-1192页

作者： TRIPPE, M BOSMAN, G VANDERZIEL, A UNIV FLORIDA DEPT ELECT ENGNGAINESVILLEFL 32611

Room-temperature noise measurements at 2.2, 12, and 97.5 GHz were performed on commercial silicon Schottky-barrier diodes and are shown to agree with the model presented in this work. This model is an extension of earlier work by van der Ziel on infrared detection in Schottky-barrier diodes. In the theoretical analysis, the electrons participating in the charge-transport process across the barrier are subdivided into four groups based on their initial velocity. The contribution of each group to the device conductance, susceptance, and current spectral intensity was incorporated including the effects of the transit time. By taking each of these effects into account, an accurate model which applies over a wide range of bias and frequency has been developed. Although the emphasis of this model has been on the high-frequency performance, the model also gives the correct results in the low-frequency limit.

关键词： Schottky diodes Frequency Low-frequency noise Semiconductor device noise Electrons Semiconductor diodes Gallium arsenide Infrared detectors density estimation robust algorithm Noise measurement

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Absorbing the Rays

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IEEE POWER & ENERGY MAGAZINE 2013年第2期11卷 45-54页

作者： Steffel, Steve Dinkel, Alex Distributed Energy Resources Planning & Analytics Pepco Holdings

PEPCO HOLDINGS, INC. (PHI) IS one of the largest energy delivery companies in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, serving about 1.9 million customers in Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, and New Jersey. PHI's subsidiaries Pepco, Delmarva Power, and Atlantic City Electric (ACE) provide regulated electricity service to these areas. The ACE service territory has a number of renewable distributed energy resources (DER) installations, including landfi ll gas (methane), wind, and solar. In particular, solar installations in the form of photovoltaic (PV) systems have been increasing due to substantial fi nancial incentives in New Jersey, while Maryland, Delaware, and Washington, D.C. are also seeing activity due to incentives. In New Jersey, large systems are interconnected into the distribution system (12 kV) because the state has required all systems to connect to the distribution system if the system owners wish to earn solar renewable energy certifi cates (SRECs). Applications for installations in the PHI distribution system range from 1 kW up to 100 MW.

关键词： Business Costs density estimation robust algorithm Electricity supply industry Photovoltaic systems Power generation Power markets Renewable energy resources Solar energy Solar power generation Urban areas Solar Energy Solar power generation Business Power production electricity supply industry New Jersey power markets Renewable energy resources Solar collectors Photovoltaic systems Polydnaviridae urban area density estimation robust algorithm dispensing system Inventors

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Analysis of an experimental technique for determining Van der Pol parameters of a transistor oscillator

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES 1998年第7期46卷 914-922页

作者： Chen, KY Biernacki, PD Lahrichi, A Mickelson, A Univ Colorado Dept Elect & Comp Engn Boulder CO 80309 USA Univ Colorado Guided Wave Opt Lab Boulder CO 80309 USA

The Van der Pol (VDP) model of a transistor oscillator describes the behavior of the oscillator with three parameters. When operating in steady state, only two parameters can be determined by spectrum analysis, these being the oscillation frequency and amplitude of oscillation, In this paper, a technique for measuring the other VDP parameter is examined. In this approach, a periodically modulated voltage is added to the bias of the oscillator to perturb the operational state. A theoretical derivation shows that the power spectrum of the perturbed oscillator contains additional information for determination of the other VDP parameter, A simple analytical perturbation formula predicts the oscillator's response to the ramped bias. Our experimental results agree with the analytical perturbation solution and, therefore, this allows one to read off the other VDP parameter from the experimental data. The VDP model allows one to predict the behavior of coupled transistor oscillators more accurately and simply than does the traditional large-signal model of the transistor. This VDP model mill simplify oscillator array design since the number of parameters needed to describe each oscillator is reduced from that which would be required using a large-signal circuit model.

关键词： density estimation robust algorithm Microwave oscillators Laboratories Predictive models Coupling circuits Nonlinear optics Optical saturation Phased arrays Performance analysis Microwave transistors

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Canopy density Model: A New ALS-Derived Product to Generate Multi layer Crown Cover Maps

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING 2015年第12期53卷 6776-6790页

作者： Ferraz, Antonio Mallet, Clement Jacquemoud, Stephane Goncalves, Gil Rito Tome, Margarida Soares, Paula Pereira, Luisa Gomes Bretar, Frederic CALTECH NASA Jet Prop Lab Pasadena CA 91109 USA Univ Paris Est MATIS SRIG Inst Natl Informat Geog & Forestiere IGN F-94160 St Mande France Univ Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cite CNRS Inst Phys Globe ParisUMR 7154 F-75013 Paris France Univ Coimbra INESC Coimbra P-3001501 Coimbra Portugal Univ Coimbra Dept Math P-3001501 Coimbra Portugal Univ Lisbon Sch Agron Forest Res Ctr P-1349017 Lisbon Portugal Univ Aveiro Escola Super Tecnol & Gestao Agueda P-3754909 Agueda Portugal Consulate Gen France Shanghai Shanghai 200001 Peoples R China

The canopy density model (CDM), a new product interpolated from airborne laser scanner (ALS) data and dedicated to forest structure characterization is presented. It exploits both the multiecho capability of the ALS and a nonparametric density estimation technique called kernel density estimators (KDEs). The CDM is used to delineate the outmost perimeter of vegetation features and to compute forest crown cover (CrC0). Contrary to other works that focus on single-layer forest canopies, Cr Co is derived here for each layer, namely, the overstory, the understory, and ground vegetation. The root-mean-square error of prediction determined by using field data acquired over 44 forest stands in a forest in Portugal allows the testing of the reliability of the method: It ranges from 6.21% (overstory) to 13.76% (ground vegetation). In addition, we investigate the ability of the CDM to map the CrCo for individual trees. Finally, two existing methods have been applied to our study site in order to assess improvements, advantages, and drawbacks of our approach.

关键词： density estimation robust algorithm forestry lasers probability density function remote sensing vegetation mapping

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Power of Two

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IEEE POWER & ENERGY MAGAZINE 2011年第1期9卷 32-39页

作者： Hamilton, Bruce Chae, Yeoung Jin Summy, Matthew Cutler, Jordan Kolata, David ADICA LLC.

U.S. President Barack Obama came to office with a commitment to act quickly and boldly in charting a new energy future that embraces alternative and renewable energy, ending the country's addiction to foreign oil, addressing the global climate crisis, and creating millions of new jobs in the clean-energy economy. Concurrently, on the other side of the globe South Korea President Lee Myung-bak unveiled what he called a "national strategy for green growth"--a new paradigm built on energy security, economic effi ciency, and environmental protection. A common desire to provide leadership amid the global push to decarbonize has fostered the formation of partnerships and mutually beneficial cooperation between the two countries.

关键词： Smart grids Collaboration density estimation robust algorithm Load management Government policies Renewable energy resources

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