A transfer function for short-step impedance transforming filters consisting of short cascaded TEM transmission-line sections and at least one commensurate length open-circuit stub is described. Element values are giv...
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A transfer function for short-step impedance transforming filters consisting of short cascaded TEM transmission-line sections and at least one commensurate length open-circuit stub is described. Element values are given for a particular family of octave-bandwidth short-step transformers that are much more compact than existing short-step transformers.
The elongation of many lettuce [Lactuca sativa] roots was separately recorded at the same time by a new rhizometer with minimum mechanical contact to root tips. The apparatus was operated by a microcomputer system int...
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The elongation of many lettuce [Lactuca sativa] roots was separately recorded at the same time by a new rhizometer with minimum mechanical contact to root tips. The apparatus was operated by a microcomputer system interfaced with field-effect transistor circuits. Elongation responses of intact seedling roots (ISR), decotylized seedling roots (DSR) and excised apical roots (EXR) to different concentrations of H+ and IAA were compared. A pH 4-induced acid growth was observed only in DER and EXR, whereas a pH 3-induced one was observed in all roots. Duration of pH 3-induced elongation was shorter in ISR than in DSR and EXR. Growth curves suggested that ISR is more susceptible to acid-injury than EXR. The maximum acid growth was obtained to pH 2.5 in EXR which is comparable to thick roots of maize [Edwards and Scott (1974) Planta 119:2]. Indole-3-acetic acid showed growth inhibition at concentration higher than 10-8 M which is comparable to other reports on thick roots. It is concluded that fine lettuce roots have the same magnitude of sensitivity to external concentration of H+ and IAA as thick roots. It is also suggested that root excision or decotylization make roots less susceptible to acid-injury, resulting in greater acid-growth of EXR. Further characteristics and application of the new rhizometer are discussed.
After we introduction, a short description is given of the equipment developed before 1940, followed by a survey of the principles of the modern equipment. The way in which the automatic tuning in the receiver in acco...
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After we introduction, a short description is given of the equipment developed before 1940, followed by a survey of the principles of the modern equipment. The way in which the automatic tuning in the receiver in accomplished is described in detail. A summary is given of the advantages of the modern equipment with respect to the earlier art. In an appendix, some theoretical considerations are given with respect to the automatic tuning control; particularly, the conditions for a stable circuit are derived.
We establish new results on sets of recurrence and van der Corput sets in Z(k) which refine and unify some of the previous results obtained by Sarkozy, Furstenberg, Kamae and Mendes France, and Bergelson and Lesigne. ...
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We establish new results on sets of recurrence and van der Corput sets in Z(k) which refine and unify some of the previous results obtained by Sarkozy, Furstenberg, Kamae and Mendes France, and Bergelson and Lesigne. The proofs utilize a general equidistribution result involving prime powers which is of independent interest.
The influence of increasing range resolution on the detectability of targets with dimensions greater than the resolution cell is studied. An N-cell target model is assumed, which contains k reflecting cells, each refl...
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The influence of increasing range resolution on the detectability of targets with dimensions greater than the resolution cell is studied. An N-cell target model is assumed, which contains k reflecting cells, each reflecting independently according to the same Rayleigh amplitude distribution. It will be referred to as the (N,k) target. Detection based on one transmitted pulse is performed against a background of white normal noise. Detection in stationary clutter is also considered. The optimum detector is obtained but, in view of its complexity, the performance of a simpler detector, the square-law envelope detector with linear integrator (SLEDLI), is analyzed, and a formula for the probability of detection is obtained. Graphs are presented which show the probability of detection as a function of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for various values of N k, and false alarm probability. For N/k not too large it is shown that the SLEDLI is near optimum.
From measurements on NdFeB permanent magnets and numerical simulation of 3 types of electrical machines, this paper presents a good representation of the behavior of these magnets in various operating conditions.
From measurements on NdFeB permanent magnets and numerical simulation of 3 types of electrical machines, this paper presents a good representation of the behavior of these magnets in various operating conditions.
In this letter, we demonstrate the utility of estimating a probabilistic model of the underlying seasonal and interannual variations experienced by land cover time series in a given geographical region. Time series th...
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In this letter, we demonstrate the utility of estimating a probabilistic model of the underlying seasonal and interannual variations experienced by land cover time series in a given geographical region. Time series that deviate from these trajectories due to the human-induced change appear as outliers and can be detected using their Mahalanobis distance from the mean under the joint distribution of time samples. We apply this model to a collection of pixel time series acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer platform over Limpopo province, South Africa, for the task of identifying human settlement expansion. For estimation of the time of change, we present a hypothesis testing approach that tests for a decrease in correlation between samples before and after the change. This was found to be highly effective, yielding a mean absolute error of 52 days.
By applying a result from algebraic geometry due to E. Bombieri (Amer. J. Math., vol.88, p.71-105, 1966), the true dimension of certain binary Goppa codes is calculated. The results lead in many cases to an improvemen...
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By applying a result from algebraic geometry due to E. Bombieri (Amer. J. Math., vol.88, p.71-105, 1966), the true dimension of certain binary Goppa codes is calculated. The results lead in many cases to an improvement of the usual lower bound for the dimension.< >
In this letter we deduce an analytical formula for inversion of a complex Van der Monde matrix. It has applications in signal reconstruction, spectral estimation, system identification, as well as in other important s...
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In this letter we deduce an analytical formula for inversion of a complex Van der Monde matrix. It has applications in signal reconstruction, spectral estimation, system identification, as well as in other important signal processing problems. Since till now the inversion of such a matrix has been performed by approximations, we further deduce an exact inversion formula.
An algorithm is presented to minimize the peaks in the time domain of bandlimited Fourier signals. This method has the ability to compress signals effectively without disturbing their spectral magnitudes. A computatio...
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An algorithm is presented to minimize the peaks in the time domain of bandlimited Fourier signals. This method has the ability to compress signals effectively without disturbing their spectral magnitudes. A computationally efficient algorithm is presented that leads to strongly compressed signals (crestfactors of 1.41 compared to 1.67). The method is applicable not only to flat spectrum magnitudes but to any frequency domain energetic distribution.< >
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