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Edge skip intra coding method for depth coding

ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2014年第7期50卷 507-508页

作者： Ma, Xiang Huo, Junyan Yang, Xu Ren, Guangliang Xidian Univ State Key Lab Integrated Serv Networks Xian 710071 Peoples R China

An efficient intra coding method is presented for depth coding, namely edge skip. In the proposed method, the depth edge macro-block (MB) is skipped without coding. At the decoder side, the edge MB is reconstructed with the reference samples of the adjacent left and above lines, and the associated partitioning information. The partitioning information is derived from the co-located area in the corresponding reconstructed texture image by a k-means clustering. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the coding efficiency both objectively and subjectively.

关键词： Image and video coding depth edge macro block associated partitioning information MB texture image reconstruction image coding pattern clustering edge detection depth coding k-means clustering image texture Computer vision and image processing techniques image reconstruction edge skip intra coding method

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Efficient Estimation of View Synthesis Distortion for depth coding Optimization

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2019年第4期21卷 863-874页

作者： Yang, Meng Zhu, Ce Lan, Xuguang Zheng, Nanning Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Inst Artificial Intelligence & Robot Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Natl Engn Lab Visual Informat Proc & Applicat Xian 710049 Shaanxi Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Informat & Commun Engn Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China

depth coding in depth-based three-dimensional (3-D) video is unique in that its quality is measured by view synthesis distortion (VSD) rather than the depth distortion itself, which further complicates the coding optimization as the VSD is related to quality of both the associated depth and texture videos. In this paper, an efficient VSD estimation scheme is developed to measure the effect of depth errors on the VSD for a block given its depth distortion in mean-squared error. Unlike other relevant VSD models which involve computationally intensive parameter training or Fourier transform, the proposed scheme is free of parameter training, while taking the advantage of integer 4 x 4 discrete Cosine transform to replace Fourier transform, thus well-saving computational cost and diminishing sensitivity to training dataset of video. The proposed scheme is then incorporated on the coding unit basis into the rate-distortion optimization for depth coding optimization, coupled with adapting quantization parameter accordingly to accommodate local effect of the depth errors on the VSD. Experimental results show that our solution obtains better results in depth coding than three testing solutions, on the platform of H.264/AVC reference software JM16.0. Benefiting from the efficiency of the VSD estimation, low coding complexity is obtained as well. The proposed solution is further evaluated on the reference software HTM13.0 of the latest 3-D high-efficiency video coding standard, exhibiting better and comparable results compared against the HTM codec with the view synthesis optimization disabled and enabled, respectively.

关键词： 3D video depth coding view synthesis distortion H.264/AVC 3D-HEVC rate-distortion optimization

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Efficient depth coding in 3D video to minimize coding bitrate and complexity

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MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2014年第2期72卷 1639-1652页

作者： Shen, Liquan Zhang, Zhaoyang Shanghai Univ Key Lab Adv Display & Syst Applicat Minist Educ Shanghai 200072 Peoples R China

In three-dimensional video (3DV) coding, color videos and depth maps both need to be coded. Usually, two-channel coding method is used in the system of 3DV coding which encodes color videos and depth maps based on two parallel codec implements. The complexity and hardware requirements are nearly two times higher than coding the 2D color video. Meanwhile, depth maps in 3DV usually are estimated from color video data and the estimated depth itself can be very noisy. In this paper, we propose fast and effective depth coding to minimize depth coding bitrate and the coding complexity. The 3 x 3 bilateral filter is first utilized to pre-process depth maps to reduce noises from the depth estimation procedure, and thus unnecessary bits to code depth noises can be reduced. Meanwhile, there is a high correlation among motion information from color videos and depth maps. coding information including motion vectors and the prediction mode is drawn from the color video to accelerate the mode decision procedure of depth coding and reduce the temporal variation of depth maps. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce 70% computational complexity of depth coding and 20% depth bitrate.

关键词： depth coding Low-complexity Mode decision Color video-depth correlation

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Efficient intra prediction algorithm for smooth regions in depth coding

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2012年第18期48卷 1117-U142页

作者： Tsang, S. -H. Chan, Y. -L. Siu, W. -C. Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Elect & Informat Engn Ctr Signal Proc Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China

An intra prediction algorithm is proposed aiming to efficiently encode smooth regions in depth maps. By taking the textureless characteristics of depth maps into account, only one single prediction direction instead of multiple prediction directions is sufficient in intra prediction of depth maps. Consequently, coding of the prediction direction can be skipped which results in lower computational complexity and higher coding efficiency for synthesised views.

关键词： smooth regions smooth regions encoding intraprediction algorithm Image and video coding multiple prediction directions textureless characteristics single prediction direction prediction theory Computational complexity Video signal processing depth coding depth maps video coding computational complexity

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Pixel-Based Inter Prediction in Coded Texture Assisted depth coding

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IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS 2014年第1期21卷 74-78页

作者： Li, Shuai Lei, Jianjun Zhu, Ce Yu, Lu Hou, Chunping Tianjin Univ Sch Elect Informat Engn Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Elect Engn Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Dept Informat Sci & Elect Engn Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang Peoples R China

This letter presents a pixel-based motion estimation scheme assisted with the coded texture video for depth inter-prediction, in view of motion similarity between depth and texture video. The proposed scheme can achieve higher inter-prediction gain without transmitting any motion vector in the pixel-based motion estimation. Coupled with depth-texture structure similarity, the inter prediction method is further extended to an integrated prediction approach by making use of both intra and inter information. Experimental results show that our proposed method achieves superior rate-distortion performance.

关键词： depth coding inter prediction pixel-based motion estimation 3D video

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Efficient inter-prediction depth coding algorithm based on depth map segmentation for 3D-HEVC

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MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2019年第8期78卷 10181-10205页

作者： Liao, Yi-Wen Chen, Mei-Juan Yeh, Chia-Hung Lin, Jie-Ru Chen, Chih-Wei Natl Dong Hwa Univ Dept Elect Engn Hualien Taiwan Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Dept Elect Engn Taipei Taiwan Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ Dept Elect Engn Kaohsiung Taiwan

The 3D extension of High Efficiency Video coding (3D-HEVC) is the latest international 3D video coding standard, which enhances the compression efficiency of 3D videos with multi-view plus depth (MVD) format. However, it is at the cost of increasing coding complexity. Therefore, this paper proposes a fast inter-prediction algorithm based on depth segmentation for the depth coding of 3D-HEVC to reduce the coding complexity of the depth map. We aim to reduce the coding time by efficiently utilizing the properties of the depth map. First, the proposed algorithm divides a depth map into background, middle ground and foreground, based on automatic thresholding technique. Then, we adjust the search range according to the classification of the coding tree unit (CTU). In addition, an early termination decision by utilizing the correlation of spatial, temporal, and inter-view neighboring CTUs and a fast prediction unit mode decision are also proposed to reduce coding time. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the depth coding time and still maintain good video quality.

关键词： 3D-HEVC depth coding Inter prediction Automatic thresholding

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JOINT MULTIVIEW VIDEO PLUS depth coding

JOINT MULTIVIEW VIDEO PLUS DEPTH CODING

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Zhang, Jun Hannuksela, Miska M. Li, Houqiang Univ Sci & Technol China Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Nokia Res Ctr Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479948

Multiview video plus depth (MVD), where per-pixel depth map sequences are associated with multiview texture video, is a promising approach for three-dimensional (3D) video solutions requiring view synthesis. The Multiview Video coding (MVC) standard has been typically used to compress the MVD representation, resulting into the multiview texture video and the multiview depth video being in two separate MVC bitstreams. Such a coding scheme does not, however, utilize the similarities of the motion information of the multiview texture video and the multiview depth video. The joint multiview video plus depth coding (JMVDC) scheme presented in this paper uses inter-view prediction similarly to MVC as well as the inter-layer motion prediction tool of the Scalable Video coding (SVC) standard to exploit the correlation of the motion in the texture and depth video sequences. The simulation results show that the JMVDC method achieves about 10 to 20% saving in depth bitrate compared with conventional MVC-based coding of MVD representations.

关键词： multiview 3D video MVD depth coding

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ADAPTIVE depth EDGE SHARPENING FOR 3D VIDEO depth coding

ADAPTIVE DEPTH EDGE SHARPENING FOR 3D VIDEO DEPTH CODING

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IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP)

作者： Zhang, Rong Chen, Ying Karczewicz, Marta Qualcomm Inc San Diego CA 92121 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467344050

In 3D video systems with Multiview Video plus depth (MVD) representation, intermediate views can be rendered from transmitted texture views and corresponding depth maps by techniques such as depth Image Based Rendering (DIBR). Recent standardization activities in MPEG include the development for such MVD based 3DV codecs. One codec which is H.264/AVC based is called 3DV-ATM. Because of compression, reconstructed depth maps often have certain distortions, such as blurry depth edges, which can result in noticeable artifacts in the rendered views. In this paper, a method of adaptive depth edge sharpening is proposed for 3D video coding, based on the 3DV-ATM. The proposed adaptive depth edge filtering and smoothing along depth edge techniques adaptively sharpen blurry edges of the reconstructed depth frames caused by compression. Compared to the anchor software 3DV-ATM, the proposed method achieves about 7.2% bitrate reduction on average for the rendered view PSNRs versus overall bitrates with comparable runtime complexity.

关键词： depth coding depth edge filtering 3D video coding 3DV

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TEXTURE MODE DEPENDENT depth coding IN 3D-HEVC

TEXTURE MODE DEPENDENT DEPTH CODING IN 3D-HEVC

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20th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： Zhao, Xin Chen, Ying Zhang, Li Karczewicz, Marta Qualcomm Technol Inc San Diego CA 92121 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479923410

In 3D-HEVC, depth modeling modes (DMM) are applied for efficient intra depth coding. With DMM modes, a prediction unit is partitioned into two parts, and each part is predicted by a single value. In one DMM mode, the partition pattern is implicitly derived at the decoder by searching all pre-defined Wedgelet patterns on a Co-located Texture Luma Block (CTLB), which increases the decoding complexity drastically. To simplify the design of this DMM mode, in this paper, we propose to utilize the Intra Prediction Mode (IPM) of CTLB to largely skip unnecessary Wedgelet searches at the decoder. To achieve this goal, for each IPM, only a limited number of Wedgelet patterns are selected as candidates in this DMM mode. Experimental results demonstrate that, with almost no coding performance degradation, the proposed method significantly reduces the decoding complexity by skipping 90% of Wedgelet searches. The proposed method has been adopted by 3D-HEVC.

关键词： 3D-HEVC depth coding depth modeling modes Wedgelet

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A SCALABLE depth coding WITH ARC BREAKPOINTS BASED SYNTHESIS IN 3-D VIDEO

A SCALABLE DEPTH CODING WITH ARC BREAKPOINTS BASED SYNTHESIS...

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8th IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB)

作者： Zhang, Xiaopeng Zou, Junni Gu, Xiao Xiong, Hongkai Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Dept Elect Engn Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Sch Commun & Informat Engn Shanghai 200072 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467360470

depth map represents three-dimensional information and is used for depth image-based rendering to support 3-D video applications. Conventional video coding standards may cause serious coding artifacts along the depth discontinuities, which ultimately affect the synthesized view quality. This paper proposes an efficient technique to compress the depth map by encoding a reduced resolution of depth map and using special upsampling method to reconstruct the original depth map. Unlike previous upsampling schemes with the guidance of corresponding color video, the proposed method upsamples the depth map using the breakpoints which are generated at the decoder side with only a few breakpoints. Instead of the edge representation of the depth map, the breakpoints would substantially take less bits and low errors with the regularity of the contour. Experimental results show that the proposed technique significantly reduces bit rate while achieving a better quality of the synthesized view in terms of subjective and objective measures.

关键词： depth coding depth down/upsampling curve completion arc breakpoints

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