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24th Annual BACUS Symposium on Photomask Technology

作者： Tezuka, Y Ito, M Terasawa, T Tomie, T MIRAI ASET Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058569 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)081945513X

Actinic (at-wavelength) inspection of EUV mask blanks using a dark-field imaging proved a high sensitivity for detecting multilayer defects through detecting programmed phase defects accurate to 70nm in width and 2nm in height without any detection of false defects(1). Characterization of the experimental actinic inspection tool is ongoing to find the ultimate sensitivity of this tool to define the detailed specification of a proto-type tool. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the defect signal intensity compared with AFM measurements taken from more than 20 programmed phase defects. This analysis proved that the signal intensity is mainly correlated with the volume of bumps whose sizes range from 2.8nm to 6.0nm in height and from 59nm to 86nm in width. The correlation suggests that the intensity variation within the group of the same design size reflects the actual variation of the defect size. Some natural defects other than programmed defects are also detected. The comparison of the defect signal and AFM analysis suggests that one of the detected defects is not a pure phase defect but more like an amplitude defect. The smallest natural defect had a surface height as low as 1.5nm, which can only be detected by lowering the detection threshold to the level with some statistically expected false defect counts. Current efforts to improve its detection capability while minimizing false defect detection are also discussed.

关键词： EUV mask blanks actinic inspection phase defect detection algorithm

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Blind detection of pseudo-random codes with chip-flipping method 24

Blind detection of pseudo-random codes with chip-flipping me...

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3rd International Conference on Cryptography, Network Security and Communication Technology (CNSCT)

作者： Wang, Ping Yang, Qiang Hu, Yangheng Cai, Fangkai Jia, Yong Guo, Dequan Chengdu Technol Univ Sch Network&Commun Engn Chengdu 610731 Sichuan Peoples R China Chengdu Univ Informat Technol Sch Automat Chengdu 610225 Sichuan Peoples R China Chengdu Univ Technol Sch Mech & Elect Engn Chengdu 610225 Sichuan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716959

A novel acquisition scheme of pseudo-noise (PN) codes is proposed for spreading satellite communication systems relying on the proposed multi-voter model of this paper. Based on the proposed model, the acquisition of PN codes can be attributed to a voting and selecting mechanism to pick out the erroneous chips. Although message passing algorithm (MPA) is a feasible algorithm for decoding PN codes, MPA does not get good detection performance due to the limited number of parity check equations in the acquisition scheme. To overcome the negative impact of the limited number of parity check equations, this paper proposes single-voter and multi-voter models, which combine chip and sequence estimation on the basis of the chip-flipping (CF). The experimental results show that the detection performance of the proposed method of N =30 is improved by 2 dB compared with MAP-based method and 4 dB compared with LEAP-based method at the detection probability 99%.

关键词： PN codes voting model detection algorithm MPA chip-flipping

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Evaluation of automated algorithms for small target detection and non-natural terrain characterization using remote multi-band imagery

Evaluation of automated algorithms for small target detectio...

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Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets

作者： Hallenborg, Eric Buck, David L. Daly, Erin Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr San Diego CA 92152 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819487476

Experimental remote sensing data from the 8 to 12 mu m wavelength NASA Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS) have been a valuable resource for multispectral algorithm proof-of-concept, a prime example being a Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) spectral small target detector founded on maximum likelihood theory;CFAR tests on low signal-to-clutter ratio rural Australian TIMS imagery yielded a detection rate of 5 out of 7 (71%) for small extended targets, e. g. buildings similar to 10 meters in extent, at a 10(-6) false alarm rate. Separately, techniques such as Independent Component Analysis (ICA) have since shown good promise for small target detection as well as terrain feature extraction. In this study, we first provide higher-confidence CFAR performance estimates by incorporating a larger set of imagery including ASTER satellite multi-band imagery and ground truth. Secondly, alongside CFAR we perform ICA, which effectively separates many non-natural features from the highly cluttered natural terrain background;in particular, our TIMS results show that a surprisingly small subset of ICA components contain the majority of non-natural "signal" such as paved roads amid the clutter of soil, rock, and vegetation.

关键词： multispectral imagery small target CFAR detection algorithm

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On detection of Cyber Attacks Against Voltage Control in Distribution Power Grids

On Detection of Cyber Attacks Against Voltage Control in Dis...

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2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)

作者： Isozaki, Yasunori Yoshizawa, Shinya Fujimoto, Yu Ishii, Hideaki Ono, Isao Onoda, Takashi Hayashi, Yasuhiro Tokyo Inst Technol Dept Computat Intelligence & Syst Sci Tokyo Japan Waseda Univ Dept Elect Engn & Biosci Tokyo Japan Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind Syst Engn Res Lab Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479949342

In this paper, we consider the impact of cyber attacks on voltage regulation in distribution systems. We employ a centralized control scheme which utilizes voltage measurements from sectionizing switches equipped with sensors for connecting distributed generation. Through detailed case studies by simulations, it is demonstrated that if measurements are falsified by an attacker, voltage violation can occur in the system. However, by equipping the control with a detection algorithm, we verify that the damage can be limited especially when the number of attacked sensors is small. Further discussion is provided on how to enhance the security level of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： distributed power generation power distribution control power grids voltage control voltage measurement attacked sensors centralized control scheme cyber attacks detection algorithm distributed generation distribution power grids distribution systems security level voltage measurements voltage regulation voltage violation Centralized control Conferences detection algorithms Security Sensors Voltage control Voltage measurement Voltage regulation voltage measurement detection algorithms distributed power generation INTEGRATED SHIP CONTROL Security level power distribution control Information warfare dispensing system Power grids Sensors

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detection of person borne IEDs using multiple cooperative sensors

Detection of person borne IEDs using multiple cooperative se...

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Conference on Sensors, and Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence (C3I) Technologies for Homeland Security and Homeland Defense X

作者： MacIntosh, Scott Deming, Ross Hansen, Thorkild Kishan, Neel Tang, Ling Shea, Jing Lang, Stephen Reveal Imaging Inc 28 Crosby Dr Bedford MA 01730 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819485939

The use of multiple cooperative sensors for the detection of person borne IEDs is investigated. The purpose of the effort is to evaluate the performance benefits of adding multiple sensor data streams into an aided threat detection algorithm, and a quantitative analysis of which sensor data combinations improve overall detection performance. Testing includes both mannequins and human subjects with simulated suicide bomb devices of various configurations, materials, sizes and metal content. Aided threat recognition algorithms are being developed to test detection performance of individual sensors against combined fused sensors inputs. Sensors investigated include active and passive millimeter wave imaging systems, passive infrared, 3-D profiling sensors and acoustic imaging. The paper describes the experimental set-up and outlines the methodology behind a decision fusion algorithm-based on the concept of a "body model".

关键词： data-fusion detection algorithm SAR imaging AMMW IR PMMW

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Fast Traffic Anomalies detection Using SNMP MIB Correlation Analysis

Fast Traffic Anomalies Detection Using SNMP MIB Correlation ...

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11th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology

作者： Lee, Dong Cheul Park, Byungjoo Kim, Ki Eung Lee, Jae Jin Network Technology Laboratory KT

ISBN: (纸本)9788955191387

Internet Service Providers(ISPs) should detect and control abnormal traffic fast for stable network management. One of the ways to detect traffic anomalies fast is shortening traffic collecting cycle. However, performance degradation is inevitable if a centralized traffic collection server gathers all traffic data from equipments in a large ISP. This paper presents an enhanced traffic collection algorithm that can gather traffic data frequently without degrading the performance by analyzing SNMP MIB objects' correlation. The algorithm estimates the values of interface group objects by using ip group objects, thus, it reduces the number of collections. We evaluated this algorithm on KORNET backbone network. The performance degradation was not found on the experiment, and the accuracy of the algorithm was fairly good.

关键词： Traffic anomalies detection algorithm SNMP MIB correlation

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The Optimal Application of the algorithms of detection and Data Mining in Honeynet

The Optimal Application of the Algorithms of Detection and D...

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IITA International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering

作者： Dong Nanping Zhou Guanling Wang Yuping Beijing Union Univ Coll Automat Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537283

This paper puts forward a technical scheme which properly arranges IDS and optimally applies the algorithms of detection and data mining to the Honeynet environment based on a project of building automation system completed by the author recently. In this specific environment, the position of IDS is deployed reasonably and the anomaly and misuse detection algorithm of IDS is designed and selected optimally. Meanwhile, the misuse detection rules are updated dynamically with the combination of data-mining algorithm RIPPER. The design makes the classical and mature algorithms of anomaly detection, misuse detection and RIPPER data mining display their technical characteristics and advantages to the largest extent in the project and enable the honeynet to protect the internal control network as expected.

关键词： data mining detection algorithm honeynet optimal design active defense

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High-sensitivity explosives detection using dual-excitation-wavelength resonance-Raman detector

High-sensitivity explosives detection using dual-excitation-...

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SPIE Defense, Security + Sensing Symposium / 15th Annual Meeting on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing

作者： Yellampalle, Balakishore McCormick, William Wu, Hai-Shan Sluch, Mikhail Martin, Robert Ice, Robert Lemoff, Brian E. WVHTC Fdn Adv Technol Grp Fairmont WV 26554 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628410105

A key challenge for standoff explosive sensors is to distinguish explosives, with high confidence, from a myriad of unknown background materials that may have interfering spectral peaks. To meet this challenge a sensor needs to exhibit high specificity and high sensitivity in detection at low signal-to-noise ratio levels. We had proposed a Dual-Excitation-Wavelength Resonance-Raman Detector (DEWRRED) to address this need. In our previous work, we discussed various components designed at WVHTCF for a DEWRRED sensor. In this work, we show a completely assembled laboratory prototype of a DEWRRED sensor and utilize it to detect explosives from two standoff distances. The sensor system includes two novel, compact CW deep-Ultraviolet (DUV) lasers, a compact dual-band high throughput DUV spectrometer, and a highly-sensitive detection algorithm. We choose DUV excitation because Raman intensities from explosive traces are enhanced and fluorescence and solar background are not present. The DEWRRED technique exploits the excitation wavelength dependence of Raman signal strength, arising from complex interplay of resonant enhancement, self-absorption and laser penetration depth. We show measurements from >10 explosives/pre-cursor materials at different standoff distances. The sensor showed high sensitivity in explosive detection even when the signal-to-noise ratio was close to one (similar to 1.6). We measured receiver-operating-characteristics, which show a clear benefit in using the dual-excitation-wavelength technique as compared to a single-excitation-wavelength technique. Our measurements also show improved specificity using the amplitude variation information in the dual-excitation spectra.

关键词： Deep Ultra Violet Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Dual Excitation Wavelengths Explosive detection detection algorithm

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Practical Test Dependency detection 11

Practical Test Dependency Detection

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11th IEEE International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST)

作者： Gambi, Alessio Bell, Jonathan Zeller, Andreas Passau Univ Passau Germany George Mason Univ Fairfax VA 22030 USA Saarland Univ Saarbrucken Germany CISPA Saarbrucken Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781538650127

Regression tests should consistently produce the same outcome when executed against the same version of the system under test. Recent studies, however, show a different picture: in many cases simply changing the order in which tests execute is enough to produce different test outcomes. These studies also identify the presence of dependencies between tests as one likely cause of this behavior. Test dependencies affect the quality of tests and of the correlated development activities, like regression test selection, prioritization, and parallelization, which assume that tests are independent. Therefore, developers must promptly identify and resolve problematic test dependencies. This paper presents PRADET, a novel approach for detecting problematic dependencies that is both effective and efficient. PRADET uses a systematic, data- driven process to detect problematic test dependencies significantly faster and more precisely than prior work. PRADET scales to analyze large projects with thousands of tests that existing tools cannot analyze in reasonable amount of time, and found 27 previously unknown dependencies.

关键词： Test dependence detection algorithm empirical study flaky tests data-flow

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Novel ventricular tachyarrhythmia detection enhancement detects undertreated life-threatening arrhythmias

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HEART RHYTHM O2 2022年第1期3卷 70-78页

作者： Wilkoff, Bruce L. Sterns, Laurence D. Katcher, Michael S. Upadhyay, Gaurav Seizer, Peter Kang, Chaoyi Rhude, Jennifer Davis, Kevin J. Fischer, Avi Cleveland Clin Robert & Suzanne Tomsich Sydell & Arnold Miller Family Heart Vasc & Thorac Dept Cardiovasc Med Cleveland OH 44106 USA Royal Jubilee Hosp Div Cardiol Victoria BC Canada Massachusetts Gen Brigham Salem Hosp Salem MA USA Univ Chicago Med Pritzker Sch Med Ctr Arrythmia Care Chicago IL 60637 USA Ostalbklinikum Aalen Dept Cardiol & Angiol Aalen Germany Abbott Sylmar CA USA

BACKGROUND Ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTA) with low and varying signal amplitudes and morphologies may not be successfully identified utilizing traditional implantable cardioverter-defibrillator algorithms. OBJECTIVE Develop and validate a novel algorithm (VF Therapy Assurance, VFTA) to improve detection and timely delivery of high-voltage therapy (HVT) for these arrhythmias. METHODS Arrhythmia detection was simulated on recorded VTA electrograms (EGMs) utilizing Abbott's *** database. EGMs where an HVT occurred only when VFTA was enabled, or where VFTA provided an HVT > 30 seconds earlier than without VFTA, were readjudicated with physician review. As VFTA never prevents detection or therapy, EGMs where VFTA did not activate or alter HVT were not adjudicated. RESULTS Among 564,353 recorded VTA EGMs from 20,000 devices, VFTA altered HVT in 105 EGMs from 67 devices. Physician adjudication determined that 81.9% (86/105) of these EGMs were true undertreated VTA episodes and would have received appropriate HVT with VFTA enabled. Furthermore, 65% of the episodes (56/86) were ventricular fibrillation, were polymorphic, did not selfterminate during the recording window, or were not amenable antitachycardia pacing. Of those, 87.5% (49/56) would not have elicited HVT without VFTA. Overall, VFTA provided new or earlier appropriate HVT in 0.27% (53/20,000) of devices with an increase in inappropriate HVT in 0.07% (14/20,000) devices. CONCLUSION The VFTA algorithm successfully identifies VTA missed by traditional detection algorithms, owing to undersensed ventricular signals resulting in the rate falling below the programmed detection rate. The use of VFTA increases the likelihood of delivering life-saving HVT.

关键词： detection algorithm Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator High-voltage therapy Undersensing Ventricular tachyarrhythmia

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