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Data acquisition and processing at ocean bottom for a Tsunami warning system

MEASUREMENT 2014年第1期47卷 475-482页

作者： Sreelal, S. Jose, Smitha Varghese, Bibin Suma, M. N. Sumathi, R. Lakshminarayana, M. Nayak, M. M. Indian Space Res Org Avion Ent Trivandrum Kerala India ISRO LPSC Bangalore Karnataka India Indian Inst Sci CeNSE Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India

The design and development of a Bottom Pressure Recorder for a Tsunami Early Warning System is described here. The special requirements that it should satisfy for the specific application of deployment at ocean bed and pressure monitoring of the water column above are dealt with. A high-resolution data digitization and low circuit power consumption are typical ones. The implementation details of the data sensing and acquisition part to meet these are also brought out. The data processing part typically encompasses a Tsunami detection algorithm that should detect an event of significance in the background of a variety of periodic and aperiodic noise signals. Such an algorithm and its simulation are presented. Further, the results of sea trials carried out on the system off the Chennai coast are presented. The high quality and fidelity of the data prove that the system design is robust despite its low cost and with suitable augmentations, is ready for a full-fledged deployment at ocean bed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bottom Pressure Recorder Tsunami Early Warning System Data acquisition Data processing detection algorithm

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An efficient algorithm and tool for detecting dangerous website vulnerabilities

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WEB AND GRID SERVICES 2020年第1期16卷 81-104页

作者： Long Hoang Viet Tuan Tong Anh Taniar, David Can Nguyen Van Hue Hoang Minh Son Nguyen Thi Kim Peoples Police Univ Technol & Logist Bac Ninh Vietnam Monash Univ Melbourne Vic Australia Minist Publ Secur Dept Publ Secur Sci Strategy & Hist Hanoi Vietnam Ton Duc Thang Univ Inst Computat Sci Div Computat Math & Engn Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Ton Duc Thang Univ Fac Math & Stat Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

Web applications are progressively developing and applied in most aspects of life. However, there exist a variety of dangerous website security vulnerabilities such as SQL injection and cross-site scripting. This creates the opportunity for hackers to exploit and attack websites for commercial or political purposes or fame. Some research and commercial software have been developed for scanning and detecting those vulnerabilities. In this paper, we present an efficient algorithmic study and tool to detect web security vulnerabilities. Experimental results show that the new method is capable of detecting vulnerabilities with high accuracy. Compared to popular commercial software on the market, our tool has faster performance and can detect a number of less common vulnerabilities such as shell injection, or file inclusion.

关键词： web security vulnerabilities SQL injection cross-site scripting detection algorithm

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Detecting and Recovering Integer Data Manipulated by Multiplication With a Nonintegral Real Number and a Rounding Operation

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IEEE ACCESS 2021年 9卷 57149-57164页

作者： Park, Taejung Song, Hyunjoo Lee, Sang June Duksung Womens Univ Dept Cyber Secur IT Media Seoul 01369 South Korea Soongsil Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Seoul 07027 South Korea Kyung Hee Univ Dept Math Seoul 02447 South Korea

This paper presents a method for detecting and restoring integer datasets that have been manipulated by operations involving nonintegral real-number multiplication and rounding. As we discuss in the paper, detecting and restoring such manipulated integer datasets is not straightforward, nor are there any known solutions. We introduce the manipulation process, whichwas motivated by an actual case of fraud, and survey several areas of literature dealing with the possibility that manipulation may have happened or might occur. From our mathematical analysis of the manipulation process, we can prove that the nonintegral real number (alpha) used in the multiplication exists not as a single real number but as an interval containing infinitely many real numbers, any of which could have been used to produce the same manipulation result. Based on these analytic findings, we provide an algorithm that can detect and restore manipulated integer datasets. To validate our algorithm, we applied it to 40,000 test datasets that were randomly generated using controllable parameters that matched the real fraud case. Our results indicated that the algorithm detected and perfectly restored all datasets for which the value of the nonintegral real number was at least 16 (alpha >= 16) and the number of data entries was at least 40 (n >= 40).

关键词： Data fraud detection algorithm integer data manipulation interval operations

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A rank-and-compare algorithm to detect abnormally low bids in procurement auctions

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ELECTRONIC COMMERCE RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 2012年第2期11卷 192-203页

作者： Conti, Pier Luigi De Giovanni, Livia Naldi, Maurizio Univ Roma Tor Vergata Dipartimento Informat Sistemi & Prod I-00133 Rome Italy Univ Roma La Sapienza Dipartimento Sci Stat I-00185 Rome Italy Univ LUISS Guido Carli Dipartimento Sci Polit Rome Italy

Detecting abnormally low bids in procurement auctions is a recognized problem, since their acceptance could result in the winner not being able to provide the service or work awarded by the auction, which is a significant risk for the auctioneer. A rank-and-compare algorithm is considered to detect such anomalous bids and help auctioneers in achieving an effective rejection decision. Analytical expressions and simulation results are provided for the detection probability, as well as for the false alarm probability. The suggested range of application of the detection algorithm leaves out the cases of many tenderers (more than 20) and quite dispersed bids ( coefficient of variation larger than 0.15). An increase in the number of tenderers leads to contrasting effects, since both the false alarm probability and the detection probability are reduced. If the bids are spread over a large range, we have instead a double negative effect, with more false alarms and less detections. The presence of multiple anomalous bids worsens the performance of the algorithm as well. On the other hand, the method is quite robust to the presence of courtesy bids. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Auctions Procurement Abnormally low bids Courtesy bids Bidding behavior detection algorithm Economic theory

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Decoding of the (24,12,8) extended Golay code up to four errors

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2009年第2期3卷 232-238页

作者： Lin, T. -C. Truong, T. -K. Su, W. -K. Shih, P. -Y. Dubney, G. I Shou Univ Dept Informat Engn Tahsu 84001 Kaohshiung Taiwan QUALCOMM Inc San Diego CA 92121 USA

A new decoder is proposed to decode the (24, 12, 8) binary extended Golay code up to four errors. It consists of the conventional hard decoder for correcting up to three errors, the detection algorithm for four errors and the soft decoding for four errors. For a weight-4 error in a received 24-bit word, Method 1 or 2 is developed to determine all six possible error patterns. The emblematic probability value of each error pattern is then defined as the product of four individual bit-error probabilities corresponding to the locations of the four errors. The most likely one among these six error patterns is obtained by choosing the maximum of the emblematic probability values of all possible error patterns. Finally, simulation results of this decoder in additive white Gaussian noise show that at least 93% and 99% of weight-4 error patterns that occur are corrected if the two E(b)/N(o) ratios are greater than 2 and 5 dB, respectively. Consequently, the proposed method can achieve a better percentage of successful decoding for four errors at variable signal-to-noise ratios than Lu et al.'s algorithm in software. However, the speed of the method is slower than Lu et al.'s algorithm.

关键词： AWGN detection algorithm additive white Gaussian noise bit-error probabilities soft decoding binary codes error patterns variable signal-to-noise ratios conventional hard decoder Golay codes error statistics binary code decoding emblematic probability value extended Golay code

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MONITORING AND CLASSIFICATION OF DIMENSIONAL FAULTS FOR AUTOMOTIVE BODY ASSEMBLY

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS 1995年第2期7卷 103-125页

作者： ROAN, CM HU, SJ 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics The University of Michigan 48109 Ann Arbor MI USA

Sudden process changes occurring dining automobile body assembly processes will influence the downstream assembly process and the functionality and final appearance of the vehicle. Furthermore, these faults could result in a decreased production rate and an increase in the cost if sudden process changes are so serious that the production line has to be stopped for investigation. Thus, sudden process changes should be detected and eliminated as soon as possible to prevent defective products from being produced and to reduce the cost of repairs/reworks. A monitoring algorithm is developed to detect, classify, and group process changes by analyzing the dimensional data of car bodies. The results of this monitoring algorithm can help diagnose the root causes of variation according to the locations of measurement points, body structure, assembly sequence, and tooling layout. Measurement data obtained from an optical coordinate measuring machine (OCMM) are used to demonstrate the monitoring technique.

关键词： SUDDEN PROCESS CHANGE OCMM BIW detection algorithm MONITORING algorithm MEAN SHIFT SPORADIC JUMP VARIANCE CHANGE

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A Maximum Likelihood Perspective of Spatial Filter Design in SSVEP-Based BCIs

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021年第9期68卷 2706-2717页

作者： Wang, Zhenyu Zhao, Xi Zhang, Min Hu, Honglin Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Adv Res Inst Shanghai 201210 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Peoples R China ShanghaiTech Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Shanghai Peoples R China

In steady-state visual-evoked potential (SSVEP) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), existing detection algorithms utilizing spatial filters like task-related component analysis (TRCA) derive the spatial filters mainly through maximizing the inter-trial similarity between the combined signals over the training set. Although they achieve by far the best classification performance in SSVEP-based BCIs, some important problems are still unresolved. Especially, the mechanism of how spatial filters cancel the background noise in brain signals and optimize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of SSVEPs is still not figured out. Therefore, to solve these problems, in this paper a new perspective of spatial filter design is proposed. Specifically, a linear generative signal model of SSVEP is adopted and the spatial filters are obtained automatically through maximum likelihood estimation of source signals and channel vectors. In the same time, the relation between maximum likelihood estimation and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) maximization is discussed. Through a step-by-step formulation, this paper provides a theoretical justification for those conventional algorithms utilizing spatial filters. As for the classification performance, the proposed scheme is tested on a benchmark dataset of 35 subjects. Experiment results show that the classification performance of the proposed scheme is competitive against three benchmark algorithms, which include TRCA. Especially, the proposed scheme achieves a fair performance improvement over the benchmark methods in the cases where a shorter time window, or a larger number of electrodes, or a smaller number of training blocks are adopted.

关键词： Correlation Training detection algorithms Signal to noise ratio Maximum likelihood estimation Task analysis Maximum likelihood detection BCI detection algorithm maximum likelihood estimation SNR maximization SSVEP spatial filter

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Vision-based approach for predicting the probability of vehicle-pedestrian collisions at intersections

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IET INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 2020年第11期14卷 1447-1455页

作者： Zhou, Zhuping Peng, Yunlong Cai, Yifei Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Xiaolingwei 200 Nanjing 210094 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Dongnandaxue 2 Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China

Road accidents impose serious problems on society. Possible collisions between vehicles and pedestrians must be detected before they occur so that a timely warning may be issued. By using the vision-based approach, this study presents an effective and efficient algorithm to estimate the vehicle-pedestrian collision probability at intersections. The real-time trajectories and movement parameters (position, speed, acceleration or direction) of vehicles and pedestrians are obtained based on state-of-the-art detection and tracking algorithm which include background subtraction method, faster regions with convolutional neural networks and optical flow method. To find the appropriate time to identify the latent collision risk for calculating the collision probability, this study defines the critical time based on different collision patterns of perception-reaction failure and evasive action failure. In addition, based on discrete acceleration and discrete angle, the authors get different extended trajectories which can include most situation when the conflict happened. Trajectories generation probability are given by the discrete choice probability model based on the Logit model to get the accurate collision probability. Real-world video data is implemented to demonstrate the approach. This proposed collision prediction method can provide some important results for designing the intelligent pedestrian signal timing schemes at intersections.

关键词： collision avoidance road traffic traffic engineering computing object detection probability road safety video signal processing road vehicles road accidents image sequences convolutional neural nets object tracking intelligent transportation systems pedestrians computer vision vision-based approach road accidents real-time trajectories tracking algorithm background subtraction convolutional neural networks optical flow collision risk trajectories generation probability discrete choice probability model collision prediction vehicle-pedestrian collision probability intelligent pedestrian signal timing intersections detection algorithm perception-reaction failure patterns evasive action failure patterns Logit model real-world video data

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A design pattern-based approach for automatic choice of semi-partitioned and global scheduling algorithms

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INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2018年第May期97卷 83-98页

作者： Magdich, Amina Kacem, Yessine Hadj Kerboeuf, Mickael Mahfoudhi, Adel Abid, Mohamed Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman Univ Coll Community Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Khalid Univ Abha Coll Comp Sci Abha Saudi Arabia Brest Univ Lab STICC MOCS Team Brest France Sfax Univ CES Lab ENIS Sfax Tunisia

Context Because of the evergrowing complexity of Real-Time Embedded Systems (RTES) coupled with the variety of scheduling approaches and algorithms, the scheduling step has become more challenging mainly for new designers. In particular, the choice of the appropriate scheduling algorithm for a RTES is a hard step that requires vast knowledge and expertise of the scheduling field. Therefore, there is still a need for directives and guidelines to assist designers while choosing the appropriate scheduling algorithm to avoid system failures. In this respect, some approaches were proposed to deal with automatic scheduling. However, only the partitioned scheduling approach which prevents task migration was supported. Objective: Our work aims at supporting the automatic choice of scheduling approach and algorithm at a highlevel of abstraction. A key feature of this proposal is that it supports semi-partitioned and global scheduling, which allow task migration. Method: With the above objective in mind, we propose a model-based approach which focuses on the use of the Model Driven Engineering (MDE) and design patterns to support the automatic scheduling at a high-level of abstraction. The proposed approach uses two design patterns previously published (Magdich et al., 2014, 2015) to model the semi-partitioned and global scheduling approaches. They allow checking the correctness of the studied system model and detecting automatically the appropriate scheduling approach and algorithm. A schedulability analysis step is, therefore, performed to check the temporal behavior of the studied system once the selected scheduling algorithm is applied. Results: The findings reveal the important impact of the use of high-level methodologies during the RTES scheduling. The automatic choice of the scheduling algorithm makes the scheduling step easier. Conclusions: Our proposal represents the first attempt to support the automatic scheduling regarding semi partitioned and global scheduling.

关键词： Automatic scheduling Semi-partitioned scheduling Global scheduling UML/MARTE MDE Design pattern detection algorithm Similarity scoring

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Wavelength Shift Measurement With Resonance Characteristic Prediction algorithm Using Intensities at Discrete Wavelengths

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT 2020年第8期69卷 5666-5672页

作者： Kim, Eudum Jeon, Su-Jin Kim, Sun-Ho Kim, Hyun Lee, Jae-Sang Choi, Young-Wan Chung Ang Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Seoul 06974 South Korea

In this article, we proposed a resonance characteristic prediction algorithm (RCPA) for calculating resonance characteristics using intensities at discrete points of wavelength. Given fundamental information of the resonator, such as free spectral range (FSR) and full-width half maximum (FWHM), the RCPA can be easily applied to reduce the cost and size of the measurement system for an optical resonator sensor. For example, with intensities at two wavelength points, the whole wavelength characteristics of the resonator can be generated from the derived fitting equation. To verify the RCPA, we designed and fabricated a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) using 300 mu m of SU-8 2100 as a cavity medium and 100 nm of Cr thin film on a glass substrate. The fabricated FPI had an FSR of 2.35 nm and an FWHM of 1.59 nm. We observed that the wavelength characteristics of the FPI (1535-1537.5 nm) shifted by 0.33 nm/degrees C when the temperature changed from 25.3 degrees C to 27.1 degrees C in steps of 0.2 degrees C. With an optimized wavelength spacing of 0.31 nm adopted for this article, we confirmed that the resonance characteristic generated from the RCPA followed the same tendency with an average error of 6 pm and a maximum error of 14 pm, as compared with the full spectrum result from the optical spectrum analyzer. We also analyzed the errors due to the changing point number and point spacing. Based on the experimental results, we verified that the resonance characteristic can be measured successfully using at least two intensities at different wavelengths.

关键词： Optical resonators Wavelength measurement Temperature measurement Temperature Fitting Temperature control Optical variables measurement detection algorithm Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) optical resonator optical sensor resonance characteristic

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