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Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications & 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)

作者： Oikonomou, Thrassos K. Tyrovolas, Dimitrios Tegos, Sotiris A. Diamantoulakis, Panagiotis D. Sarigiannidis, Panagiotis Liaskos, Christos Karagiannidis, George K. Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki Dept Elect & Comp Engn Thessaloniki 54124 Greece Univ Western Macedonia Dept Elect & Comp Engn Kozani 50100 Greece Univ Ioannina Comp Sci Engn Dept Ioannina Greece Lebanese Amer Univ LAU Artificial Intelligence & Cyber Syst Res Ctr Beirut Lebanon

ISBN: (纸本)9798350344998;9798350345001

In this paper, we investigate the application of hexagonal quadrature amplitude modulation (HQAM) in reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted networks, specifically focusing on its efficiency in reducing the number of required reflecting elements. Specifically, we present analytical expressions for the average symbol error probability (ASEP) and propose a new metric for conditioned energy efficiency, which assesses the network's energy consumption while ensuring the ASEP remains below a certain threshold. Additionally, we introduce an innovative detection algorithm for HQAM constellations, which demonstrates a substantial reduction in computational complexity. Finally, our study reveals that HQAM significantly enhances both the ASEP and energy efficiency compared to traditional quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) schemes.

关键词： HQAM Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) Energy Efficiency Average Symbol Error Probability detection algorithm

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Dual-Excitation-Wavelength Resonance-Raman Explosives Detector

Dual-Excitation-Wavelength Resonance-Raman Explosives Detect...

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Conference on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XIV

作者： Yellampalle, Balakishore Sluch, Mikhail Wu, Hai-Shan Martin, Robert McCormick, William Ice, Robert Lemoff, Brian E. WVHTC Fdn Fairmont WV 26554 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819495013

Deep-ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy (DUVRRS) is a promising approach to stand-off detection of explosive traces due to: 1) resonant enhancement of Raman cross-section, 2) lambda(-4)-cross-section enhancement, and 3) fluorescence and solar background free signatures. For trace detection, these signal enhancements more than offset the small penetration depth due to DUV absorption. A key challenge for stand-off sensors is to distinguish explosives, with high confidence, from a myriad of unknown background materials that may have interfering spectral peaks. To address this, we are developing a stand-off explosive sensor using DUVRRS with two simultaneous DUV excitation wavelengths. Due to complex interplay of resonant enhancement, self-absorption and laser penetration depth, significant amplitude variation is observed between corresponding Raman bands with different excitation wavelengths. These variations with excitation wavelength provide an orthogonal signature that complements the traditional Raman signature to improve specificity relative to single-excitation-wavelength techniques. As part of this effort, we are developing two novel CW DUV lasers, which have potential to be compact, and a compact dual-band high throughput DUV spectrometer, capable of simultaneous detection of Raman spectra in two spectral windows. We have also developed a highly sensitive algorithm for the detection of explosives under low signal-to-noise situations.

关键词： Deep Ultra Violet Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Dual Excitation Wavelengths Explosive detection detection algorithm

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DETECTING LOW-RATE PERIODIC EVENTS IN INTERNET TRAFFIC USING RENEWAL THEORY

DETECTING LOW-RATE PERIODIC EVENTS IN INTERNET TRAFFIC USING...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： McPherson, Sean Ortega, Antonio Univ So Calif Ming Hsieh Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705397

In our previous work [1, 2] we studied detection of anomalies in packet arrival times for computer networks, most detection of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks in Internet traffic. In this paper we reformulate the detection method proposed in [1] using renewal theory, providing several useful extensions. This reformulation also leads to a method that would be applicable to numerous real life signals that exist as discrete events, e. g., biological signals. Most importantly renewal theory allows us to characterize the performance of our detector and determine theoretical bounds on the time-to-detection. Compared to alternative methods that use frequency spectra or event arrival rates for detection our method is shown to be superior in terms of time-to-detection. Further, unlike rate based techniques, our method can estimate the multiple periods when multiple periodic anomalies occur simultaneously.

关键词： Discrete Event Systems detection algorithm

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Hardware Architecture Design and Implementation for FMCW Radar Signal Processing algorithm 8

Hardware Architecture Design and Implementation for FMCW Rad...

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8th Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing (DASIP)

作者： Eugin, Hyun Lee, Jonghun DGIST ART Adv Radar Technol Lab Robot Res Div Daegu South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9791092279061

Chirp-sequence-based Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar is effective at detecting range and velocity of a target. However, the target detection algorithm is based on two-dimensional Fast Fourier Transform, which uses a great deal of data over several PRIs (Pulse Repetition Intervals). In particular, if the multiple-receive channel is employed to estimate the angle position of a target;even more computational complexity is required. In this paper, we report on how a newly developed signal processing module is implemented in the FPGA, and on its performance measured under test conditions. Moreover, we have presented results from analysis of the use of hardware resources and processing times.

关键词： FMCW radar detection algorithm chirp sequence

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The Identification of Explosives in Millimeter-Wave Imaging Systems 21

The Identification of Explosives in Millimeter-Wave Imaging ...

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Conference on Passive and Active Millimeter-Wave Imaging XXI

作者： Weatherall, James C. Barber, Jeffrey Yam, Kevin Smith, Peter R. Greca, Joseph Smith, Barry T. Battelle Mem Inst FAA Tech Ctr Bldg 315 Atlantic City NJ 08405 USA US Dept Homeland Secur FAA Tech Ctr Transportat Secur Lab Bldg 315 Atlantic City NJ 08405 USA AASKI Inc FAA Tech Ctr Bldg 315 Atlantic City NJ 08405 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510617803

ISBN: (纸本)9781510617803

Commercial Advanced Imaging Technology (AIT) systems use arrays or synthetic arrays of millimeter wave antennas to generate holographic images and identify anomalies in those images that may present threats. In order to provide additional information for the AIT assessment, we are developing a technique that enables the identification of threat composition based on dielectric constant. The dielectric constant is extracted from the spectral content of the broadband holographic imaging data. The technique is demonstrated from images collected in a prototype personnel-screening system. The dielectric constant is obtained by numerically fitting the reflection coefficient as a function of frequency to an optical model. The reflection coefficient is a function of frequency because of propagation effects, such as multiple reflections and energy loss, that are associated with the material's complex dielectric constant. In order to accomplish the analysis using an imaging system, the spectrum is obtained from an integration of the reflectivity image spectrum, which is an intermediate result in the image reconstruction algorithm. The present use of an imaging array demonstrates the ability to detect dielectric constant in small areas on a complex target. In principle, the implementation of this technique in standoff imaging systems would allow threat assessment to be accomplished within the scope of millimeter-wave screening.

关键词： Millimeter-wave imaging parameter extraction dielectric measurement reflection coefficient detection algorithm explosive detection advanced imaging technology AIT

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Statistical algorithms for Superconducting Q-bits Parameters Measurement 13

Statistical Algorithms for Superconducting Q-bits Parameters...

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13th International Scientific-Technical Conference on Actual Problems of Electronics Instrument Engineering (APEIE)

作者： Radchenko, Sergey E. Pitsun, Dmitriy K. Krivetsky, Andrey V. Novosibirsk State Tech Univ Elect Equipment Engn Dept 20 K Marks Prt Novosibirsk 630073 Russia Novosibirsk State Tech Univ Dept Dev & Technol Radioelect Devices 20 K Marks Prt Novosibirsk 630073 Russia Novosibirsk State Tech Univ Cryogen Quantum Elect Lab Novosibirsk 630511 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781509040698

Statistical algorithms for measurement data processing were developed to perform automation of superconducting quantum bits experimental investigations. The first algorithm is aimed to detect the q-bit quantum state changes. The second one is aimed to obtain the efficient resonance frequency estimation for the resonator coupled to a q-bit. All the results were obtained using the statistical approach that employs random nature of measurement data to obtain the optimal estimation rules and statistical hypotheses testing. The numerical modeling was carried out. The results of numerical modeling confirmed the efficiency and expediency of the algorithms obtained.

关键词： detection algorithm probability density distribution likelihood function quantum bit phase-frequency characteristic

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Automatic detection of Normal Drill Breakthrough Through Planar Bone Tissues of Unknown Thickness

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1997年第7期30卷 609-612页

作者： P.N. Brett D.A. Baker F. Naghdy AMARC University of Bristol Fanum House 26-32 Park Row Bristol BSJ 5LY UK University of Wollongong Dept of Electrical & Computer Engineering

The increasing implementation of minimal access surgery is placing greater demands upon the abilities of surgeons to perform high precision operations working through difficult access. Automatic tools are being designed to assist surgeons in such operations. These offer the advantages of steady tool motion coupled with the ability to operate react to a higher resolution of positional and force measurement than is possible with manual methods. High precision cutting and milling operations have been attempted automatically in mediums that can be considered rigid. More recently research lias investigated methods for extending the benefits of automation technology to soft and flexible mediums. The stapedotomy tool reviewed here is an advanced example of this and provides a method for controlling drill penetration through homogeneous but flexible bone tissue using drilling data. This paper describes the drill and the stapedotomy surgical procedure for which the drill was originally designed. The focus of the paper is on one of the approaches adopted for detecting the presence of the bone/cavity interface early in the breakthrough process. This is a critical stage in surgical drilling procedures where the level of protrusion of drill bits beyond surfaces (the position of which may initially be unknown) need to be controlled.

关键词： detection algorithm force control medical application position estimation tissues

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Ground moving target-detection and focusing imaging under strong noise background

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JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING-JOE 2019年第20期2019卷 6394-6399页

作者： Zhou, Yang Bi, Daping Wang, Xiaoping Wang, Shuliang Shen, Aiguo Natl Univ Def Technol Lab 202 Hefei 230037 Anhui Peoples R China Natl Univ Def Technol Teaching & Res Off 504 Hefei 230037 Anhui Peoples R China

This study proposes a detection algorithm for a three-channel SAR system with weak ground moving target (GMT)detection and focusing imaging under strong noise background. First, the authors use DPCA cancellation technology to eliminate ground clutter signals. By accumulating the DPCA signal amplitude in the azimuth direction and setting a suitable threshold, they realise GMT detection under strong noise background. After extracting the target range cell DPCA signal, they use the interference processing method to estimate the real-azimuth position of GMT. Then, they perform fractional Fourier transform processing on the extracted DPCA signal. Through the two-dimensional search of the peak point on the (alpha, u) plane of the parameter, the Doppler parameters and velocity estimation of the GMT are obtained. Finally, the azimuth-matching filter is modified to achieve focusing imaging. Simulation results show that the detection probability of GMT is >95% when SNR >= - 27 dB. When SNR = - 27 dB, the authors can achieve fairly accurate parameter estimation of GMT and ideal focusing imaging.

关键词： Fourier transforms object detection parameter estimation matched filters radar detection radar clutter radar imaging Doppler radar synthetic aperture radar probability strong noise background detection algorithm three-channel SAR system DPCA cancellation technology DPCA signal amplitude GMT detection detection probability ideal focusing imaging ground moving target-detection ground clutter signal elimination target range cell DPCA signal extraction interference processing method real-azimuth position estimation fractional Fourier transform processing two-dimensional search Doppler parameters velocity estimation azimuth-matching filter parameter estimation synthetic aperture radar

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Digital Imaging and Remote Sensing Image Generator (DIRSIG) as applied to NVESD sensor performance modeling 27

Digital Imaging and Remote Sensing Image Generator (DIRSIG) ...

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Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII

作者： Kolb, Kimberly E. Choi, Hee-sue S. Kaur, Balvinder Olson, Jeffrey T. Hill, Clayton F. Hutchinson, James A. US Army RDECOM CERCEC NVESD 10221 Burbeck Rd Ft Belvoir VA 22060 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510600614

The US Army's Communications Electronics Research, Development & Engineering Center (CERDEC) Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (referred to as NVESD) is developing a virtual detection, recognition, and identification (DRI) testing methodology using simulated imagery as a means of augmenting the field testing component of sensor performance evaluation, which is expensive, resource intensive, time consuming, and limited to the available target(s) and existing atmospheric visibility and environmental conditions at the time of testing. Existing simulation capabilities such as the Digital Imaging Remote Sensing Image Generator (DIRSIG) and NVESD's Integrated Performance Model Image Generator (NVIPM-IG) can be combined with existing detection algorithms to reduce cost/time, minimize testing risk, and allow virtual/simulated testing using full spectral and thermal object signatures, as well as those collected in the field. NVESD has developed an end-to-end capability to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. Simple detection algorithms have been used on the degraded images generated by NVIPM-IG to determine the relative performance of the algorithms on both DIRSIG-simulated and collected images. Evaluating the degree to which the algorithm performance agrees between simulated versus field collected imagery is the first step in validating the simulated imagery procedure.

关键词： simulated imagery DIRSIG NVIPM virtual prototyping detection algorithm

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Modeling of infrared scattering signatures of liquid and solid aerosol clouds 25

Modeling of infrared scattering signatures of liquid and sol...

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Conference on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XXV

作者： Furstenberg, Robert Shabaev, Andrew Huffman, Tyler J. Kendziora, Christopher A. McGill, R. Andrew US Naval Res Lab 4555 Overlook Ave SW Washington DC 20375 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674301;9781510674318

The size of particles typically present in aerosol clouds are in the range of 0.1-10 mu m, which is within one order of magnitude of the infrared (IR) wavelengths in the molecular "fingerprint" region (approx. 6-12 mu m). This length scale is also close to the optical absorption depth for materials of interest. Consequently, IR scattering signatures of aerosols differ from those associated with reflectance from surfaces of bulk materials. Furthermore, the shape of particles is also a factor that affects IR scattering spectra. Accordingly, both aerosol particle size and morphology must be considered in the development of accurate models and reliable detection algorithms. This report describes recent advances concerning modeling of IR scattering signatures of micron-sized spherical particles (found in liquid aerosols) and irregularly-shaped particles ( found in solid aerosols). In our model, spherical particles are modeled using Mie scattering theory while non-spherical ones require numerical modeling, using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solvers. The model inputs involve particle optical constants (complex index of refraction - n and k), aerosol concentration, particle size (diameter) distribution and various shape parameters (for solid aerosols only). Our model addresses two detection scenarios: one where the signatures consist of back-scattered light only and the other where the portion of the forward scattered light which (diffusely) reflects off background surfaces is also collected. We discuss the effect of particle size and shape distribution on the IR signatures of aerosol clouds. We report on efforts to optimize our model such that a large number of spectra can be generated quickly and efficiently, which is a requirement for use in detection algorithms, both for training and usage. We also present preliminary results on machine learning approaches to develop detection algorithms capable of detecting aerosol clouds that have variable IR signatures due to

关键词： Aerosols IR scattering Mie scattering Modeling detection algorithm Standoff detection Synthetic data Machine learning

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