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检索条件"主题词=differential coding"

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Coherent Multicarrier Receiver for Mobile Acoustic Channels 20

Coherent Multicarrier Receiver for Mobile Acoustic Channels

引用

20th IEEE International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC)

作者： Tadayon, Amir Stojanovic, Milica Northeastern Univ Boston MA 02115 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538665282

High data rate coherent communication in acoustic channels are difficult due to the compound effects of motion-induced Doppler and long multipath. To account for these effects, we consider a coherent receiver based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) which performs an iterative frequency offset compensation and sparse channel estimation. In mobile acoustic systems, Doppler effect can be severe enough that the OFDM signals experiences non-negligible frequency offsets even after initial resampling. To compensate for these offsets, a practical method based on stochastic gradient is employed. The method relies on differential encoding which keeps the receiver complexity at a minimum and requires only a small pilot overhead. differential encoding is applied across carriers, promoting the use of a large number of closely spaced carriers within a given bandwidth. This approach simultaneously supports frequency domain coherence and efficient use of bandwidth for achieving high bit rates. After compensating for the frequency offset, a sparse channel estimation method based on a physical model of multipath propagation is used to obtain channel state information for coherent detection. The channel estimation method, referred to as path identification (PI), targets the physical propagation paths in a continuous-delay domain, and focuses on explicit estimation of delays and complex amplitudes of the channel paths in an iterative fashion. Using the experimental data transmitted over a 3-7 km shallow water channel in the 10.5-15.5 kHz acoustic band, we study the receiver performance in terms of data detection mean squared error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER), and show that the proposed receiver provides excellent performance at low computational cost.

关键词： channel estimation Doppler effect error statistics frequency-domain analysis iterative methods mean square error methods multipath channels OFDM modulation underwater acoustic communication Mean square error Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing channel estimation Doppler effect underwater acoustic communication Frequency-domain analysis Multipath channels iterative methods Sound channels differential coding channel routing FREQUENCY SHIFT Receivers Error analysis

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Time-varying Channel Estimation with Inter-carrier Interference Mitigation in Underwater OFDM Systems

Time-varying Channel Estimation with Inter-carrier Interfere...

引用

Oceans Conference

作者： Liao, Jialing Qiao, Gang Ma, Xuefei Zhou, Feng Zhang, Jiarong Wang, Wei Harbin Engn Univ Sci & Technol Underwater Acoust Lab Harbin Heilongjiang Peoples R China Harbin Engn Univ Coll Underwater Acoust Engn Harbin Heilongjiang Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479936465

Channel variations caused by motility would introduce inter-carrier interference (ICI), which degrades channel estimation and data detection in underwater orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. To deal with this problem, a joint time-varying channel estimation and inter-carrier interference mitigation method is proposed in this paper, where time domain channel estimation and interference auto-cancellation are merged into an iterative scheme. Meanwhile, linear approximation is used to track the time-varying channel while interference auto-cancellation is achieved via pre-coding to reduce the sensibility of OFDM systems to frequency shifts. Unlike frequently-used opposite or conjugate mapping, which leads to an inevitable decrease in frequency utility ratio, differential coding is introduced for pre-coding without adding redundancy. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm can accurately estimate channel state information (CSI), and robustly mitigate ICI over time-varying underwater acoustic channels (UWAC).

关键词： OFDM ICI channel estimation interference auto-cancellation differential coding UWAC

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Space-Time Forward Error Correction for Dimmable Undersampled Frequency Shift ON-OFF Keying Camera Communications (CamCom)

Space-Time Forward Error Correction for Dimmable Undersample...

引用

5th International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN)

作者： Roberts, Richard D. Intel Corp Intel Labs Hillsboro OR 97124 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467359900

Camera communications is the use of an image sensor to receive LED modulated data. This paper shows how frequency shift ON-OFF keying - at frequencies that avoid flicker - can be used to encode bits while at the same time being successfully decoded by a low frame rate camera using subsampling. This is done by selecting mark and space frequencies that are harmonics of the camera frame rate and then processing the subsampled aliased frequencies to decode bit data. PWM dimming is supported via data modulation of the PWM frequency, but requires that FEC be added - in the form of space-time multi-phase sampling - due to asynchronous clocking.

关键词： camera communications frequency shift keying ON-OFF keying undersampling visible light communications LED image sensor aliasing differential coding OOK FSK VLC UFSOOK CamCom pulse width modulation PWM dimming FEC forward error correction multi-phase sampling space-time coding

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A LOW-COMPLEXITY AND LOSSLESS REFERENCE FRAME ENCODER ALGORITHM FOR VIDEO coding

A LOW-COMPLEXITY AND LOSSLESS REFERENCE FRAME ENCODER ALGORI...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Silveira, Dieison Povala, Guilherme Amaral, Livia Zatt, Bruno Agostini, Luciano Porto, Marcelo Fed Univ Pelotas UFPel Grp Architectures & Integrated Circuits GACI Pelotas RS Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781479928934

This paper presents a lossless coding solution to reduce the large overhead of external memory communication during the motion estimation process in current video coders. Our solution is called differential Reference Frame Coder (DRFC), and uses two techniques together to compress the reference frame: a differential coding based on a simplified intra-prediction process to reduce the spatial redundancy of the reference samples, and a simple VLC applied to differential coding residues. The proposed solution reaches an average compression rate higher than 45% for the evaluated HD 1080p video sequences. This is a lossless and low-complexity solution, and could easily be implemented in hardware.

关键词： Lossless reference frame compression differential coding memory bandwidth reduction motion estimation video coding

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A Higher-order Prediction Method of Spatial Cues Based on Bayesian Gradient Model

A Higher-order Prediction Method of Spatial Cues Based on Ba...

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IEEE International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Information Security (WCNIS)

作者： Zhou, Cheng Hu, Ruimin Wang, Heng Wuhan Univ Sch Comp Sci Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Natl Engn Res Ctr Multimedia Software Wuhan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424458516

The derivation of spatial cues representing source localization information is a typical component of multichannel spatial audio coders such as EAAC+ and MPEG Surround. Efficient compression of spatial cues based on the inter-frame difference distribution of spatial cues is investigated. Using a Bayesian Gradient model, the inter-frame correlations can be predicted more accurately. Results show that the proposed higher-order prediction method for spatial cue compression achieves about 20% bit-rate reduction with respect to the inter-freq differential coding method used in M PEG Surround.

关键词： spatial cues Bayesian gradient model higher-order prediction differential coding

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Lossless Compression Method for Digital Terrain Model of Seabed Shape 8th

引用

8th International Conference on Image Processing and Communications (IP&C)

作者： Maleika, Wojciech Forczmanski, Pawel West Pomeranian Univ Technol Fac Comp Sci & Informat Technol Zolnierska St 49 PL-71210 Szczecin Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319472744;9783319472737

Dealing with Digital Terrain Models requires storing and processing of huge amounts of data, obtained from hydrographic measurements. Currently no dedicated methods for DTM data compression exist. In the paper a lossless compression method is proposed, tailored specifically for DTM data. The method involves discarding redundant data, performing differential coding, Variable Length Value coding, and finally compression using LZ77 or PPM algorithm. We present the results of experiments performed on real-world hydrographic data, which prove the validity of the proposed approach.

关键词： DTM Lossless compression differential coding VLV coding

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ENcoding TRUE COLOR IMAGES IN TCDM 2

ENCODING TRUE COLOR IMAGES IN TCDM

引用

Device-Independent Color Imaging II Conference

作者： LEE, CH CHAN, YK CHANG, MF WONG, ATF CITY UNIV HONG KONG DEPT COMP SCIHONG KONGHONG KONG

ISBN: (纸本)0819417610

24-bit color display capability is gradually becoming the standard over 256K or 64K color displays on graphics workstations. Some main problems associated with this trend are the dramatic increase in memory storage requirement and the bandwidth requirement. This paper describes the operation of a new 4:1:1 True Color Difference Mode (TCDM) color image encoding scheme which encodes information in differences. This method can display near true color quality images while the memory requirement is reduced by two-third (i.e. 4 bytes for a set of 4 pixels). The exceptionally simple hardware required to implement the real-time decoding of this scheme is also presented. Non-linear quantization and the use of differential encoding scheme enables the encoded data to emulate the original data. Visually, it is not possible to detect any difference between test pictures encoded with 24 bits/pixel and that encoded with TCDM using only 4 bytes to represent a set of 4 pixels. © 1995 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： TRUE COLOR DIFFERENCE MODE TCDM differential coding NONLINEAR QUANTIZATION NEAR TRUE COLOR QUALITY

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Speeding up Lossless Image Compression: Experimental Results on a Parallel Machine

Speeding up Lossless Image Compression: Experimental Results...

引用

13th Prague Stringology Conference (PSC)

作者： Cinque, Luigi De Agostino, Sergio Lombardi, Luca Univ Roma La Sapienza Dept Comp Sci I-00198 Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9788001041451

Arithmetic encoders enable the best compressors both for bi-level images (JBIG) and for grey scale and color images (CALIC), but they are often ruled out because too complex. The compression gap between simpler techniques and state of the art compressors can be significant. Storer extended dictionary text compression to bi-level images to avoid arithmetic encoders (BLOCK MATCHING), achieving 70 percent of the compression of JBIG1 on the CCITT bi-level image test set. We were able to partition an image into up to a hundred areas and to apply the BLOCK MATCHING heuristic independently to each area with no loss of compression effectiveness. On the other hand, we presented in [5] a simple lossless compression heuristic for gray scale and color images (PALIC), which provides a highly parallelizable compressor and decompressor. In fact, it can be applied independently to each block of 8x8 pixels, achieving 80 percent of the compression obtained with LOCO-I (JPEG-LS), the current lossless standard in low-complexity applications. We experimented the BLOCK MATCHING and PALIC heuristics with up to 32 processors of a 256 Intel Xeon 3.06GHz processors machine in Italy (***) on a test set of large topographic bi-level images and color images in RGB format. We obtained the expected speed-up of the compression and decompression times, achieving parallel running times about twenty-five times faster than the sequential ones.

关键词： lossless image compression sliding dictionary differential coding parallelization

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A MOTION VECTOR ENTROPY coding SCHEME BASED ON MOTION FIELD REFERENCING FOR VIDEO COMPRESSION 25

A MOTION VECTOR ENTROPY CODING SCHEME BASED ON MOTION FIELD ...

引用

25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： Han, Jingning Feng, Jia Teng, Yun Xu, Yaowu Bankoski, James Google Inc WebM Codec Team 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy Mountain View CA 94043 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479970612

Video codec exploits the temporal correlations in video signal through block-based motion compensated prediction. The motion vector associated with each prediction unit needs to be coded in the bit-stream. A differential coding scheme that employs the motion information from spatial neighbors and collocated blocks in the reference frames to predict the current motion vector is commonly used. Its efficacy is largely limited to track consistent or slow motion activities. A linear projection model is proposed in this work to create a motion field estimation that is capable to capture motion trajectory with high velocity. The resulting motion field motion vectors (MFMV) are fed into a dynamic motion vector referencing system as candidates in addition to those obtained from the spatial neighboring blocks. It allows the codec to closely track complex motion activities that the spatial neighbors or collocated motion vector referencing system usually fail to keep synchronized with. The MFMV system improves the prediction quality of the motion vectors and substantially reduces the energy in the difference motion vector for entropy coding, which translates into considerable compression performance improvements, especially for video sequences that contain complex motion activities. A number of design considerations to make the computation efficiency in both hardware and software platforms practical for production are discussed.

关键词： Motion compensation motion vector predictor differential coding

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Blind full-range frequency offset estimation for differential OFDM

Blind full-range frequency offset estimation for differentia...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2004)

作者： Liu, ZQ Weng, BW Univ Iowa Dept ECE Seamans Ctr 4016 Iowa City IA 52242 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780385330

This paper proposes a novel blind carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimator for differential OFDM. By separating the normalized CFO into integral and fractional pails, our CFO estimation is carried out in two successive stages. In the first stage, we take advantage of differential coding and the finiteness of signal constellation to derive a channel-independent cost function whose minimization leads to an accurate estimate of the fractional part. It is proved that tinder certain mild assumptions, the identifiability of the fractional part can he guaranteed with probability one. After compensating the fractional part, the second stage estimates the remaining integral part with the aid of a judiciously designed initial block of differential coding. Combining these two stages, the proposed estimator is shown capable of offering full-range CFO estimation without relying on any training or virtual subcarriers. Another salient feature of the proposed estimator is that accurate CFO estimation can be achieved with two received data blocks only, making it very attractive especially for short-burst communications. The merits of our CFO estimator have been confirmed by theoretical analysis as well as corroborating simulations.

关键词： OFDM carrier frequency offset differential coding

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