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A hybrid finger identification pattern using Polarized depth-Weighted Binary direction coding

NEUROCOMPUTING 2019年 325卷 260-268页

作者： Yang, Wenming Ji, Wenyang Xue, Jing-Hao Ren, Yong Liao, Qingmin Tsinghua Univ Grad Sch Shenzhen Dept Elect Engn Shenzhen Key Lab Informat Sci & TechShenzhen Eng Beijing Peoples R China UCL Dept Stat Sci London England

Finger identification is increasingly popular in recent years. In this paper, we propose a new finger identification system to acquire a hybrid pattern of dorsal finger vein and texture in a single image by using only one camera. It effectively reduces the cost and volume of the imaging device to acquire multi-modal patterns. The hybrid pattern of dorsal finger vein and texture is both storage-saving and calculation-saving. As there was no existing method specially developed for this kind of pattern, we propose a new feature extraction method called "Polarized depth-Weighted Binary direction coding" (PWBDC). We also establish a new database of such hybrid images of 210 finger samples. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system and feature are not only storage and calculation saving, but more importantly effective for identification. The proposed PWBDC method performs well on both the newly established database of hybrid images and a popular public database of traditional finger vein images, superior to many established and state-of-the-art methods. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Finger identification Finger vein Finger dorsal texture direction coding

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direction-Coded Temporal U-Shape Module for Multiframe Infrared Small Target Detection

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS 2025年第1期36卷 555-568页

作者： Li, Ruojing An, Wei Xiao, Chao Li, Boyang Wang, Yingqian Li, Miao Guo, Yulan Natl Univ Def Technol NUDT Coll Elect Sci & Technol Changsha 410000 Peoples R China

Infrared small target (IRST) detection aims at separating targets from cluttered background. Although many deep learning-based single-frame IRST (SIRST) detection methods have achieved promising detection performance, they cannot deal with extremely dim targets while suppressing the clutters since the targets are spatially indistinctive. Multiframe IRST (MIRST) detection can well handle this problem by fusing the temporal information of moving targets. However, the extraction of motion information is challenging since general convolution is insensitive to motion direction. In this article, we propose a simple yet effective direction-coded temporal U-shape module (DTUM) for MIRST detection. Specifically, we build a motion-to-data mapping to distinguish the motion of targets and clutters by indexing different directions. Based on the motion-to-data mapping, we further design a direction-coded convolution block (DCCB) to encode the motion direction into features and extract the motion information of targets. Our DTUM can be equipped with most single-frame networks to achieve MIRST detection. Moreover, in view of the lack of MIRST datasets, including dim targets, we build a multiframe infrared small and dim target dataset (namely, NUDT-MIRSDT) and propose several evaluation metrics. The experimental results on the NUDT-MIRSDT dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. Our method achieves the state-of-the-art performance in detecting infrared small and dim targets and suppressing false alarms. Our codes will be available at https://***/TinaLRJ/Multi-frame-infrared-small-target-detection-DTUM.

关键词： Clutter Feature extraction Annotations Trajectory Learning systems Convolution Object detection direction coding infrared small target (IRST) detection point-level supervision spatial-temporal fusion

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Neural correlates of multidimensional motor outputs in an excitatory parafascicular-zona incerta circuit

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BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022年 591卷 102-109页

作者： Park, Geunhong Shin, Wooyeon Park, Yongjun Chung, Sooyoung Kim, Daesoo Kim, Jeongjin Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol KAIST Dept Biol Sci Daejeon South Korea Korea Inst Sci & Technol KIST Brain Sci Inst 5 Hwarang Ro 14 Gil Seoul 02792 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol KAIST Program Brain & Cognit Engn Daejeon South Korea Univ Sci & Technol UST Div Biomed Sci & Technol Daejeon South Korea

The parafascicular nucleus (Pf) in medial thalamus is interconnected with prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia. Though much research has determined its importance in cognitive regulation of behaviour, its projections to regions in subthalamus remain less known. Such connections include those to zona incerta (ZI), located immediately dorsal to subthalamic nuclei (STN) regulating motor output, and whose role in a motor context is only beginning to be investigated. We thus examined circuits from parafascicular (Pf) thalamus to ZI, and its activity during locomotion and spontaneous behaviours in mice. We found that a distinct group of CaMKIIa-positive excitatory parafascicular neurons, separated from VGLUT2-positive excitatory neurons, project widely into ZI, more than adjacent STN. Our results from fibre photometry and decoding with general linear model (GLM) indicate that PF-ZI pathways do not specifically correlate with amount of locomotion or movement velocity, but instead show more specified activity during relative directional changes of movements observed in turning, sniffing behaviours. These results hint at the PF-ZI pathway having a distinct role in directing action specificity and have implications for subcortical bases in dimensional control of behaviours. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Parafascicular nucleus Zona incerta Subthalamus Motor preparation direction coding Intralaminar thalamus

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Saccades to mentally rotated targets

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EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH 1999年第4期126卷 563-577页

作者： de'Sperati, C Univ S Raffaele Lab Act Percept Cognit I-20132 Milan Italy

In order to investigate the role of mental rotation in the directional control of eye movements, we instructed subjects to make saccades in directions different from that of a visual stimulus (rotated saccades). Saccadic latency increased linearly with the amount of directional transformation imposed between the stimulus and the response. This supports the hypothesis that reorienting a saccade is accomplished through a mental rotation process. No differences were found in amplitude, duration, velocity, and curvature between rotated and visually guided saccades. Analogous to mental rotation tasks involving reaching arm movements, it is surmised that frontal/prefrontal cortical structures participate in rotated saccades by reorienting the intended saccadic direction. A linear increase in response time with the imposed directional transformation was also found in an analogous mental task not requiring a directed motor response, namely, mentally localizing a point in space at a certain angle from a stimulus direction. However, the speed of mental rotation was systematically lower than in the rotated saccade task. These findings indicate that mental rotation is a rather general mechanism through which directional transformations are achieved.

关键词： mental rotation saccades anti-saccades direction coding visuo-motor transformation

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Ago-antagonist muscle spindle inputs contribute together to joint movement coding in man

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BRAIN RESEARCH 1998年第1-2期791卷 167-176页

作者： Ribot-Ciscar, E Roll, JP Univ Provence Fac Sci St Jerome Lab Neurobiol Humaine CNRSUMR 6562 F-13397 Marseille 20 France

The proprioceptive feedback associated with the performance of even quite simple movements is always generated by the whole set of muscles subjected to mechanical deformation (lengthening, shortening, contraction, etc.) during that particular movement. The question was addressed here as to how muscle spindle feedbacks arising from agonist and antagonist muscles may contribute to the coding of movement parameters such as the direction and velocity. For this purpose, the activity of single muscle spindle afferents located in the lateral peroneal nerve was analysed using the microneurographic technique, in human subjects performing repetitive voluntary movements, i.e., plantar/dorsal flexions of the ankle, at three different velocities (3, 4.5 and 6 degrees/s). The data obtained suggest that in humans, the direction of a slow movement may be specified on the basis of the spindle discharge rate, which is greater in the stretched than in the shortened muscle, and that the velocity of this movement might be correlated with the difference between the spindle activity occurring in the agonist and antagonist muscles. These neurophysiological data are in agreement with the results of previous psychophysical studies showing for example that a sensation of illusory movement can be elicited only when there exists an imbalance between the agonist versus antagonist vibration-induced Ia inputs. In addition, the greater the difference between the vibration frequencies applied to the two antagonist muscles, the higher the perceived movement velocity was found to be. All in all, joint movement perception seems to result from the co-processing by the central nervous system of the multiple spindle feedbacks originating from the whole set of muscles involved in the performance of a movement. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.

关键词： kinesthesia muscle afferent proprioception voluntary movement direction coding velocity coding

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Study of the coding in the progressive image transmission

Study of the coding in the progressive image transmission

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3rd International Conference on Signal Processing (ICSP 96)

作者： Sun, YL Shi, G Chen, YP Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electrical Engineering Wuhan Hubei China

ISBN: (纸本)7505338900

direction coding is the new method of image coding. The human visual model is used to make direction filters and high compressive ratios are obtained. direction coding not only deals with the continuous component of an image by subsample it with high compressive ratio, but also does some things with the discontinuous component of the image. We apply direction coding method to narrow band image transmission in a progressive way. Experiments were made on normal telephone lines.

关键词： visual communication image coding edge detection filtering theory image sampling Huffman codes data compression progressive image transmission direction coding image coding human visual model direction filters high compression ratios narrowband image transmission telephone lines continuous image component discontinuous image component edge detection Huffman coding

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LUMINANCE CHANGE GENERATES APPARENT MOVEMENT - IMPLICATIONS FOR MODELS OF directionAL SPECIFICITY IN THE HUMAN VISUAL-SYSTEM

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VISION RESEARCH 1984年第10期24卷 1399-1405页

作者： MATHER, G YORK UNIV DEPT PSYCHOL DOWNSVIEW M3J 1P3 ONTARIO CANADA

Two alternative schemes are proposed for coding the local direction of stimulus motion in the visual image. The sequence discrimination scheme uses sequential change in stimulus position over time to infer movement direction;the spatiotemporal derivative scheme uses change in stimulus luminance over space and time at just one position to infer movement direction. To test these models, subjects were shown stimuli which contained combinations of stationary vertical edges and changing luminances over time. They consistently reported either leftward or rightward apparent motion, even though no sequential change in edge location took place. Perceived directions agreed with the predictions of the spatiotemporal derivative scheme. Alternative explanations for the results based on changes in apparent edge location could not account for the data. Previous reports of apparent motion during changes in stimulus luminance are also consistent with the scheme.

关键词： Apparent motion Movement perception direction coding

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