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Real-time interaction with a humanoid avatar in an immersive table tennis simulation

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER graphics 2007年第1期13卷 15-25页

作者： Rusdorf, Stephan Brunnett, Guido Lorenz, Mario Winkler, Tobias Tech Univ Chemnitz Dept Comp Sci D-09107 Chemnitz Germany

In this paper, we report on the realization of an immersive table tennis simulation. After describing the hardware necessities of our system, we give insight into different aspects of the simulation. In particular, the developed methods for collision detection and physical simulation are presented. The design of the virtual opponent is of crucial importance to realize an enjoyable game. Therefore, we report on the implemented game strategy and the animation of the opponent. Since table tennis is one of the fastest sports, the synchronization of the human player's movements and the visual output on the projection wall is a very challenging problem to solve. To overcome the latencies in our system, we designed a prediction method that allows high speed interaction with our application.

关键词： games and infotainment distributed/network graphics interaction techniques virtual reality

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Large volume visualization of compressed time-dependent datasets on GPU clusters

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PARALLEL COMPUTING 2005年第2期31卷 205-219页

作者： Strengert, M Magallón, M Weiskopf, D Guthe, S Ertl, T Univ Stuttgart Inst Visualizat & Interact Syst D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Univ Costa Rica Escuela Fis San Pedro 2060 Costa Rica Univ Tubingen GRIS WSI D-72076 Tubingen Germany

We describe a system for the texture-based direct volume visualization of large data sets on a PC cluster equipped with GPUs. The data is partitioned into volume bricks in object space, and the intermediate images are combined to a final picture in a sort-last approach. Hierarchical wavelet compression is applied to increase the effective size of volumes that can be handled. An adaptive rendering mechanism takes into account the viewing parameters and the properties of the data set to adjust the texture resolution and number of slices. We discuss the specific issues of this adaptive and hierarchical approach in the context of a distributed memory architecture and present corresponding solutions. Furthermore, our compositing scheme takes into account the footprints of volume bricks to minimize the costs for reading from framebuffer, network communication, and blending. A detailed performance analysis is provided for several network, CPU, and GPU architectures-and scaling characteristics of the parallel system are discussed. For example, our tests on a eight-node AMD64 cluster with InfiniBand show a rendering speed of 6 frames per second for a 2048 x 1024 x 1878 data set on a 1024(2) viewport. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： graphics systems distributed/network graphics viewing algorithms

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Extending a distributed virtual reality system with exchangeable rendering back-ends

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VISUAL COMPUTER 2013年第10期29卷 1039-1049页

作者： Schwenk, Karsten Voss, Gerrit Behr, Johannes Jung, Yvonne Limper, Max Herzig, Pasquale Kuijper, Arjan Fraunhofer IGD Visual Comp Syst Technol Dept Darmstadt Germany Fraunhofer IGD Visual Comp Syst Technol Grp Darmstadt Germany Fraunhofer IGD Darmstadt Germany Tech Univ Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Tech Univ Darmstadt Interact Graph Syst Grp Darmstadt Germany Nanyang Technol Univ Fraunhofer IDM NTU Singapore Singapore

We present an approach to integrate multiple rendering back-ends under a common application layer for distributed systems. The primary goal was to find a practical and nonintrusive way to use potentially very different renderers in heterogeneous computing environments without impairing their strengths and without burdening the back-ends or the application with details of the cluster environment. Our approach is based on a mediator layer that handles multithreading, clustering, and the synchronization between the application's and the back-end's scene. We analyze the proposed approach with an implementation for a state-of-the-art distributed VR/AR system. In particular, we present two case studies and an example application.

关键词： distributed/network graphics Virtual reality

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Interactive parallel visualization of large particle datasets

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PARALLEL COMPUTING 2005年第2期31卷 243-260页

作者： Liang, K Monger, P Couchman, H McMaster Univ Res & HPC Support Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada McMaster Univ Dept Phys & Astron Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada

This paper presents a new interactive parallel visualization method for large particle datasets by directly rendering individual particles based on a parallel rendering cluster. A frame rate of 9 frames-per-second is achieved for 256 3 particles using 7 render nodes and a display node. This provides real time interaction and interactive exploration of large datasets, which has been a challenge for scientific visualization and other real time data mining applications. A dynamic data distribution technique is designed for highlighting a subset of the particle volume. It maintains load balance of the system and minimizes network traffic by reconfiguring the rendering chain. Experiments show that on a given subset, interactive manipulation of the subset usually requires less than 3% of the particles inside the subset to be redistributed among all render nodes. The method can be easily extended to other large datasets such as hydrodynamic turbulence, fluid dynamics, and so on. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： interactive graphics parallel visualization high performance scientific visualization distributed/network graphics volume rendering

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Interactive view-dependent rendering over networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER graphics 2008年第3期14卷 576-589页

作者： Zheng, Zhi Prakash, Edmond Chan, Tony K. Y. Nanyang Technol Univ Singapore Singapore Microsoft Corp Redmond WA 98052 USA Manchester Metropolitan Univ Manchester M1 5GD Lancs England

For a client-server-based view-dependent rendering system, the overhead of view-dependent rendering and the network latency are major obstacles in achieving interactivity. In this paper, we first present a multiresolution hierarchy traversal management strategy to control the overhead of view-dependent rendering for low-capacity clients. Then, we propose a predictive parallel strategy to overcome the network latency for client-server-based view-dependent multiresolution rendering systems. Our solution is to make the client process and the server process run in parallel using the rendering time to cover the network latency. For networks with long round-trip times, we manage to overlap the network latency for one frame with the rendering time for multiple frames. View parameter prediction is incorporated to make the parallelism of the client and the server feasible. In order to maintain an acceptable view-dependent rendering quality in the network environment, we develop a synchronization mechanism and a dynamic adjustment mechanism to handle the transient network slowdowns and the changes in the network condition. Our experimental results, in comparison with the sequential method, show that our predictive parallel approach can achieve an interactive frame rate while keeping an acceptable rendering quality for large triangle models over networks with relatively long round-trip times.

关键词： display algorithms viewing algorithms graphics systems distributed/network graphics

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A Framework for Cluster-based Rendering and Postprocessing 10

A Framework for Cluster-based Rendering and Postprocessing

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IEEE 10th Workshop on Software Engineering and Architectures for Realtime Interactive Systems (SEARIS)

作者： Frericks, Philipp Roth, Thorsten Hinkenjann, Andre Kruijff, Ernst Bonn Rhein Sieg Univ Appl Sci Inst Visual Comp St Augustin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781538662748

Despite the ever increasing performance of computer hardware, single machines are not always capable of processing complex tasks in reasonable time, if at all. At the same time, the amount of data to be generated or processed by computer systems increases at a similar rate. Generating images using algorithms from computer graphics is a good example for such scenarios. Because visual analysis of data can greatly benefit from the usage of large, tiled display systems, and techniques to render images become more and more complex in order to generate visually pleasing results, using a single machine is often not sufficient to enable reasonable workflows. In this paper, we introduce a framework for cluster-based rendering and postprocessing. Distributing the generation and postprocessing of images to a cluster of machines allows to speed up these tasks. In particular, we aim at rendering images at high resolutions, e.g. for large display walls. To our knowledge, no other framework for distributed rendering is capable of postprocessing images in a distributed fashion without being limited to frame tiles. We present a software design that provides a simple interface for creating render sessions, enabling arbitrary applications to delegate the generation of images to a cluster. In addition to a simple configuration process, we intend to support platform interoperability. We focus on the design of a flexible and modular architecture in order to make the framework independent of rendering techniques and scheduling algorithms. Thus, these components should be interchangeable to enable a variety of use cases. The same applies to the integration of postprocessing methods.

关键词： 1.3.2 [Computer graphics]: graphics Systems distributed/network graphics

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Interactive parallel visualization of large particle datasets

Interactive parallel visualization of large particle dataset...

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Symposium on Parallel graphics and Visualization

作者： Liang, K Monger, P Couchman, H McMaster Univ Res & HPC Support Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada McMaster Univ Dept Phys & Astron Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada

关键词： interactive graphics parallel visualization high performance scientific visualization distributed/network graphics volume rendering

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A System Architecture for Flexible Rendering Back-ends in distributed Virtual Reality Applications

A System Architecture for Flexible Rendering Back-ends in Di...

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International Conference on Cyberworlds

作者： Schwenk, Karsten Voss, Gerrit Behr, Johannes NTU Singapore Fraunhofer IGD Singapore Singapore NTU Singapore Fraunhofer IDM Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9780769548142

We describe an approach to integrate multiple rendering back-ends under a common application layer for distributed systems. The primary goal was to find a practical and non-intrusive way to use potentially very different rendering back-ends in heterogeneous computing environments without impairing their strengths and without burdening the back-ends or the application with details of the cluster environment. Our approach is based on a mediator layer that can be plugged into the OpenSG infrastructure. This design allows us to elegantly extent OpenSG's low-level multithreading and clustering capabilities to our system. It also allows us to sync incremental changes very efficiently. We demonstrate results and problems with two case studies.

关键词： distributed/network graphics Virtual Reality

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Large volume visualization of compressed time-dependent datasets on GPU clusters

Large volume visualization of compressed time-dependent data...

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Symposium on Parallel graphics and Visualization

关键词： graphics systems distributed/network graphics viewing algorithms

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Multi-user predictive rendering on remote multi-GPU clusters 4

Multi-user predictive rendering on remote multi-GPU clusters

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4th IEEE VR International Workshop on 3D Collaborative Virtual Environments (3DCVE) at IEEE Virtual Reality Conference

作者： Randrianandrasana, J. Chanonier, A. Deleau, H. Muller, T. Porral, P. Krajecki, M. Lucas, L. Univ Reims CReSTIC EA3804 Reims France PSA Peugeot Citroen Paris France PSL Res Univ MINES ParisTech Ctr Robot Paris France United Visual Researchers Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9781538651322

Many stages of the industry workflow have been benefiting from CAD software applications and real-time computer graphics for decades allowing manufacturers to perform team project reviews and assessments while decreasing the need for expensive physical mockups. However, when it comes to the perceived quality of the final product, more sophisticated physically based engines are often preferred though involving huge computation times. In this context, our work aims at reducing this gap by providing a predictive rendering solution leveraging the computing resources offered by modern multi-GPU supercomputers. To that end, we propose a simple static load balancing approach leveraging the stochastic nature of Monte Carlo rendering. Our solution efficiently exploits the available computing resources and addresses the industry collaboration needs by providing a real-time multi-user web access to the virtual mockup.

关键词： Human-centered computing Collaborative interaction Computer Graphic distributed/network graphics Computer graphics Raytracing, Predictive Rendering

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