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A middleware-transparent approach to developing distributed applications

SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2005年第12期35卷 1131-1154页

作者： Ghosh, S France, RB Simmonds, DM Bare, A Kamalakar, B Shankar, RP Tandon, G Vile, P Yin, SX Colorado State Univ Dept Comp Sci Ft Collins CO 80523 USA

An innovative middleware-transparent approach to developing distributed applications is presented. The approach uses an aspect-oriented software development technique to separate an application's middleware-independent functionality from its middleware-specific functionality. Application elements that are specific to the middleware are localized in aspects that can be seamlessly integrated into middleware-independent application designs. The middleware-transparent approach is used to decouple business functionality from middleware-specific functionality. The decoupling allows developers to change middleware application elements without significantly modifying business functionality. Middleware technologies such as Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI), Jini, Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) remote procedure call (RPC) and Net are used as examples to illustrate the approach. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： aspect-oriented programming distributed applications Java RMI Jini middleware technologies SOAP-RPC .Net

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Virtue: Performance visualization of parallel and distributed applications

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COMPUTER 1999年第12期32卷 44-+页

作者： Shaffer, E Reed, DA Whitmore, S Schaeffer, B Univ Illinois Dept Comp Sci Chicago IL 60680 USA

High-speed, wide-area networks have made it both possible and desirable to interconnect geographically distributed lections of scientific data, remote scientific instruments, and high-performance computer systems. Historically, performance analysis has focused on monolithic applications executing on large, stand-alone, parallel systems. In such a domain, measurement, postmortem analysis, and code optimization suffice to eliminate performance bottlenecks and optimize applications. distributed visualization, data mining, and analysis tools allow scientists to collaboratively analyze and understand complex phenomena. Likewise, real-time performance measurement and immersive performance display systems-that is, systems providing large stereoscopic displays of complex data-enable collaborating groups to interact with executing software, tuning its behavior to meet research and performance goals. To satisfy these demands, the authors designed Virtue, a prototype system that integrates collaborative, immersive performance visualization with real-time performance measurement and adaptive control of applications on computational grids. These tools enable physically distributed users to explore and steer the behavior of complex software in real time and to analyze and optimize distributed application dynamics.

关键词： Virtue adaptive application control collaborative data analysis tools collaborative immersive performance visualization complex phenomena computational grids computer displays data analysis data mining data mining distributed application dynamics optimization distributed applications distributed programming distributed visualization executing software groupware high-performance computer systems high-speed wide-area networks immersive performance display systems parallel applications performance analysis performance bottlenecks physically distributed users program visualisation prototype system real-time performance measurement real-time systems remote scientific instruments scientific data collections software performance evaluation software prototyping software tuning stereoscopic displays three-dimensional displays tuning virtual reality

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A SOFTWARE ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENT FOR distributed applications

MICROPROCESSING AND MICROPROGRAMMING

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MICROPROCESSING AND MICROPROGRAMMING 1989年第1-5期27卷 327-332页

作者： MUHLHAUSER, M SCHILL, A KIENHOFER, J FRANK, H HEUSER, L UNIV KARLSRUHE INST TELEMATD-7500 KARLSRUHEFED REP GER DIGITAL EQUIPMENT GMBH CEC KARLSRUHED-7500 KARLSRUHEFED REP GER

With the recent development of powerful workstations integrated in local area networks, the need for distributed applications has increased significantly. This way, formerly autonomous applications of areas like computer integrated manufacturing or office automation can be integrated to cooperating entities. However, the development of these kinds of applications is still not well supported. The paper describes an object-oriented software engineering approach for distributed applications. The approach is centered around a wide-spectrum design language used as a common base for a set of workbenches. The associated tools are focusing on problems related to distribution and complexity of applications. Life-cycle spanning development support shall be provided by the environment.

关键词： Computer Aided Software Engineering Methods and Techniques distributed applications Object-Oriented Programming Object Mobility Object Cooperation Parallelism Requirements Engineering

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A framework for efficient performance prediction of distributed applications in heterogeneous systems

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JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2012年第3期62卷 1609-1634页

作者： Cornea, Bogdan Florin Bourgeois, Julien UMR CNRS 6174 UFC FEMTO ST Inst Besancon France

Predicting distributed application performance is a constant challenge to researchers, with an increased difficulty when heterogeneous systems are involved. Research conducted so far is limited by application type, programming language, or targeted system. The employed models become too complex and prediction cost increases significantly. We propose dPerf, a new performance prediction tool. In dPerf, we extended existing methods from the frameworks Rose and SimGrid. New methods have also been proposed and implemented such that dPerf would perform (i) static code analysis and (ii) trace-based simulation. Based on these two phases, dPerf predicts the performance of C, C++ and Fortran applications communicating using MPI or P2PSAP. Neither one of the used frameworks was developed explicitly for performance prediction, making dPerf a novel tool. dPerf accuracy is validated by a sequential Laplace code and a parallel NAS benchmark. For a low prediction cost and a high gain, dPerf yields accurate results.

关键词： Performance prediction distributed applications Automatic static analysis Block benchmarking Trace-based simulation dPerf

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A reactive system architecture for building fault-tolerant distributed applications

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2004年第3期72卷 401-415页

作者： Chen, CG Jia, WJ Zhou, WL City Univ Hong Kong Dept Comp Engn & Informat Technol Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China Deakin Univ Sch Informat Technol Burwood Vic 3125 Australia

Most fault-tolerant application programs cannot cope with constant changes in their environments and user requirements because they embed policies and mechanisms together so that if the policies or mechanisms are changed the whole programs have to be changed as well. This paper presents a reactive system approach to overcoming this limitation. The reactive system concepts are an attractive paradigm for system design, development and maintenance because they separate policies from mechanisms. In the paper we propose a generic reactive system architecture and use group communication primitives to model it. We then implement it as a generic package which can be applied in any distributed applications. The system performance shows that it can be used in a distributed environment effectively. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： fault-tolerant computing reactive systems group communication distributed applications software development

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Component-based APIs for versioning and distributed applications

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COMPUTER 1999年第7期32卷 54-+页

作者： Stets, RJ Hunt, GC Scott, ML Univ Rochester Dept Comp Sci Rochester NY 14627 USA Microsoft Corp Redmond WA 98052 USA

Operating system application programming interfaces (APIs) are typically monolithic procedural interfaces that address a single machine's requirements. This design limits evolutionary development and complicates application development for distributed systems. Current APIs tend to be large, rigid, and focus on a single host machine. Component-based APIs could solve these problems through strong versioning capabilities and support for distributed applications. Ideally, obsolete API calls should be deleted, and calls with modified semantics (but unmodified parameters and return values) would remain the same. However, since the OS must continue to support legacy applications, obsolete calls cannot be deleted, and new call semantics are best introduced through new calls. In addition, typical OS APIs do not adequately address the needs of distributed applications: They have support for intermachine communication but lack high-level support for accessing remote OS resources. The primary omission is a uniform method for naming remote resources, such as windows, files, and synchronization objects.

关键词： application development application program interfaces component-based APIs configuration management distributed applications evolutionary development files high-level support intermachine communication legacy applications modified semantics naming services network operating systems new call semantics operating system application programming interfaces remote operating system resource access remote resource naming software reusability synchronisation synchronization objects versioning windows

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Aggregation Dynamics in Overlay Networks and Their Implications for Self-Organized distributed applications

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COMPUTER JOURNAL 2009年第4期52卷 397-412页

作者： Saffre, Fabrice Tateson, Richard Halloy, Jose Shackleton, Mark Deneubourg, Jean Louis BT Grp CTO Pervas ICT Res Ctr Martlesham Heath IP5 3RE England Univ Libre Bruxelles Serv Ecol Sociale B-1050 Brussels Belgium Ctr Nonlinear Phenomena & Complex Syst B-1050 Brussels Belgium

In this paper, we investigate the global self-aggregation dynamics arising from local decision-based rewiring of an overlay network, used as an abstraction for an autonomic service-oriented architecture. We measure the ability of a selected set of local rules to foster self-organization of what is originally a random graph into a structured network. Scalability issues with respect to the key parameters of system size and diversity are extensively discussed. Conflicting goals are introduced, in the form of a population of nodes actively seeking to acquire neighbours of a type different from their own, resulting in decreased local homogeneity. We show that a 'secondary' self-organization process ensues, whereby nodes spontaneously cluster according to their implicit objective. Finally, we introduce dynamic goals by making the preferred neighbour type a function of the local characteristics of a simulated workload. We demonstrate that in this context, an overlay rewiring process based purely on local decisions and interactions can result in efficient load-balancing without central planning. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings for the design of future distributed applications, the likely influence of other factors and of extreme parameter values on the ability of the system to self-organize and the potential improvements to our framework.

关键词： self-organization autonomic systems overlay networks distributed applications component aggregation

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Rapid development of distributed applications using high-level communication support

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JOURNAL OF NETWORK AND COMPUTER applications 2011年第1期34卷 172-182页

作者： Lim, Mingyu Kevelham, Bart Nijdam, Niels Magnenat-Thalmann, Nadia Konkuk Univ Seoul South Korea Univ Geneva MIRALab CH-1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland

This paper proposes a communication system that enables simple and fast development of network support for multi-user applications. Even though existing middleware and development tools provide much functionality to realize distributed applications, they are purely low-level services passing most development responsibility to developers or too specialized for a specific application. The challenging issue is how to provide sufficient support and general high-level mechanisms using middleware for the rapid development of distributed multi-user applications. Our approach addresses various possibilities of the communication architecture, user membership management, content transmission mechanism and event management to meet different networking and interaction requirements of multiple users. The proposed middleware supports these features with several options through application-level APIs and configuration. Thus, the different interaction needs of a multi-user application can be easily and quickly accomplished from the developers' view point. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： distributed applications Communication middleware Communication architecture Event management

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Graph based characterization of distributed applications

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FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS 2000年第6期16卷 597-607页

作者： Kotsis, G Braun, M Univ Vienna Inst Appl Comp Sci & Informat Syst A-1080 Vienna Austria

A critical task in the development and execution of distributed applications is to identify the potential degree of parallelism contained in the application This information is necessary in the design of applications in order to pursue only a promising algorithmic idea for implementation, but also in the execution of existing applications for resource allocation and scheduling decisions. In this paper, we present analytical techniques to derive the potential degree of parallelism of distributed applications described by means of timed structural parallelism graphs (TSPGs). A TSPG allows a specification of a distributed application in terms of its components, the activation and dependence relations among the components, and histogram/interval based estimates on the execution times of components. Based on an analysis of paths through the TSPG (corresponding to paths in the execution) and by applying interval arithmetics, we are able to derive from the TSPG model a set of potential parallelism profiles. From these profiles further performance indices as the average degree of parallelism as well as hypothetical speedup can be derived. In this paper we focus on an evaluation of the analysis technique with respect to its computational complexity and validate the proposed approach by a comparison with results obtained from simulation. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： graph based characterization distributed applications computational complexities

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THE PROGRAMMERS PLAYGROUND - I/O ABSTRACTION FOR USER-CONFIGURABLE distributed applications

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1995年第9期21卷 735-746页

作者： GOLDMAN, KJ SWAMINATHAN, B MCCARTNEY, TP ANDERSON, MD SETHURAMAN, R MICROSOFT CORP REDMOND WA 98052 USA

I/D abstraction is offered as a new high-level approach to interprocess communication. Functional components of a distributed system are written as encapsulated modules that act upon local data structures, some of which may be published for external use. Relationships among modules are specified by logical connections among their published data structures. Whenever a module updates published data, I/O takes place implicitly according to the configuration of logical connections. The Programmers' Playground, a software library and runtime system supporting I/O abstraction, is described. Design goals include the separation of communication from computation, dynamic reconfiguration of the communication structure, and the uniform treatment of discrete and continuous data types. Support for end-user configuration of distributed multimedia applications is the motivation for the work.

关键词： distributed PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENTS distributed SYSTEMS PROGRAMMING MODELS distributed applications DYNAMIC RECONFIGURATION

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