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distributed dynamic programming using concurrent object-orientedness with Actors visualised by high-level Petri nets

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COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS 1999年第11-12期37卷 23-34页

作者： Mikolajczak, B Rumbut, JT Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth Dept Informat & Comp Sci N Dartmouth MA 02747 USA Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr Architecture & Comp Syst Div Newport RI 02841 USA

This paper deals with application of concurrent object-oriented programming with Actors to solve dynamic programming problems in a distributed computing environment. This area of research is often called distributed artificial intelligence. Using a dynamic programming example of chained matrix multiplication, a method of managing dynamic programming searches in a distributed programming environment with Actors is presented. distributed computations with Actors are visualized by means of Time-Varying Automata (for cases with no intra-actor concurrency) or using a class of high-level nets called Hierarchical Colored Petri Nets (for cases with intra-actor concurrency). Design and implementation features of the specific Actor-based programming environment, using a concurrent extension of C++, are also discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： distributed dynamic programming distributed artificial intelligence concurrent object-orientedness Actors high-level Petri nets visualization

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DECLARATIVE REPRESENTATIONS OF MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING 1993年第5期5卷 721-739页

作者： SINGH, MP HUHNS, MN STEPHENS, LM UNIV TEXAS DEPT COMP SCIAUSTINTX 78712 UNIV S CAROLINA DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGNCOLUMBIASC 29208

This paper explores the specification and semantics of multiagent problem-solving systems, focusing on the representations that agents have of each other. It provides a declarative representation for such systems. Several procedural solutions to a well-known test-bed problem are considered, and the requirements they impose on different agents are identified. A study of these requirements yields a representational scheme based on temporal logic for specifying the acting, perceiving, communicating, and reasoning abilities of computational agents. A formal semantics is provided for this scheme. The resulting representation is highly declarative, and useful for describing systems of agents solving problems reactively.

关键词： DECLARATIVE REPRESENTATIONS distributed artificial intelligence FORMAL SPECIFICATIONS KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS PROBLEM-SOLVING SYSTEMS

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distributed INTELLIGENT EXECUTIVE INFORMATION-SYSTEMS

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DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS 1995年第2期14卷 117-130页

作者： CHI, RT TURBAN, E Information Systems Department School of Business Administration California State University Long Beach Long Beach CA 90840-1003 USA

Executive information systems (EIS) have been successfully implemented in many organizations. Of all the various EIS commercial products, only one (Executive Edge) presents limited artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities. Yet, the ability to include various problem solving agents for collaboratively information processing, filtering and presentation, is highly desirable. It is possible that the successful EIS systems of the future will be built around AI components (expert systems, learning mechanisms and so on..), so that more efficient and effective information processing for executives can be achieved. Since much of executive processing involves complicated problem domains, a single's AI agent effort may be insufficient when the information is broad in scope and complicated in nature. For such situations we propose in this paper a framework called distributed intelligent executive information system (DIEIS). This framework illustrates how multiple resources (consisting of knowledge learning, reasoning, filtering and presentation) can be combined for information processing in an EIS environment. For example, a particular piece of information may be refined and presented based on past experiences and current practices in a particular problem domain with the help of both an expert system and neural computing. The DIEIS framework allows multiple agents to work collaboratively to help complex information processing.

关键词： EXECUTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS artificial intelligence distributed artificial intelligence distributed INTELLIGENT EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS

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Designing a reusable co-ordination module for cooperative industrial control applications

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-CONTROL THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 1996年第1期143卷 91-102页

作者： Jennings, NR Pople, JA Mamdani, EH Queen Mary & Westfield College Department of Electronic Engineering University of London London United Kingdom

distributed artificial intelligence (DAI) systems, in which multiple agents communicate and co-operate with one another to achieve their individual and collective goals, are a promising enabling technology for constructing large, real-world industrial control applications. To facilitate the development of such systems a number of generic DAI frameworks have been devised. These frameworks typically aid the development process by providing a language, a set of structures, and/or some tools with which the necessary infrastructure and support mechanisms for interacting agents can be instantiated. The paper reports on one such framework, called ARCHON(TM), which has been used to build DAI systems in the following industrial control domains: electricity distribution management, electricity transportation management, cement factory control, particle accelerator control and flexible assembly robotic cells. A distinguishing and novel feature of the ARCHON framework is that it extends the level of support offered to the system builder - it provides generic and reusable knowledge about the process of co-operation, in addition to the more standard development facilities. This generic knowledge is embedded in a domain-independent co-ordination module and it is the rationale, design, implementation and evaluation of this module which forms the major contribution of the paper.

关键词： distributed artificial intelligence co-operative information systems knowledge-based systems industrial control applications

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A MULTIAGENT APPROACH WITH distributed FUZZY-LOGIC CONTROL

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COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRY 1995年第3期26卷 219-227页

作者： BOHNER, P Institute for Real-Time Computer Systems and Robotics Faculty for Informatics University of Karlsruhe Kaiserstr. 12 76128 Karlsruhe Germany

The use of manipulator systems with many degrees of freedoms is essential to expand the field of potential applications. This paper presents a distributed approach for executing task-level programs for cooperating manipulators or one-arm systems with many degrees of freedom. At task level, only the movement of the objects to be manipulated is specified. The according manipulator motions are then calculated by assigning local intelligence to each joint. The local intelligence enables the joint agents to calculate in parallel their appropriate movements to make the end effector reach the desired position. During execution, each joint evaluates sensor data to compensate for execution errors, to react on unexpected obstacles and to provide the manipulator coordination. Therefore, a distributed fuzzy rule base has been developed. As this local evaluation may lead to non-optimal overall behavior of the manipulator, the joint agents communicate to provide global suboptimality.

关键词： DEPENDENT AGENTS distributed AGENTS REACTIVE AGENTS PLAN-BASED AGENTS distributed CONTROL distributed artificial intelligence

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Multidefender Security Games

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IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS 2017年第1期32卷 50-60页

作者： Lou, Jian Smith, Andrew M. Vorobeychik, Yevgeniy Vanderbilt Univ Comp Sci 221 Kirkland Hall Nashville TN 37235 USA Sandia Natl Labs Davis CA USA Univ Calif Davis Comp Sci Davis CA 95616 USA Vanderbilt Univ Comp Sci & Comp Engn 221 Kirkland Hall Nashville TN 37235 USA

Current Stackelberg security game models primarily focus on isolated systems in which only one defender is present, despite being part of a more complex system with multiple players. However, many real systems such as transportation networks and the power grid exhibit interdependencies among targets and, consequently, between decision makers jointly charged with protecting them. To understand such multidefender strategic interactions present in security scenarios, the authors investigate security games with multiple defenders. Unlike most prior analyses, they focus on situations in which each defender must protect multiple targets, so even a single defender"s best response decision is, in general, nontrivial. Considering interdependencies among targets, the authors develop a novel mixed-integer linear programming formulation to compute a defender"s best response, and approximate Nash equilibria of the game using this formulation. Their analysis shows how network structure and the probability of failure spread determine the propensity of defenders to over- or underinvest in security.

关键词： Computer Security Games Nash Equilibrium Biological System Modeling Computational Modeling Analytical Models Schedules Intelligent Systems Network Problems Constrained Optimization Economics distributed artificial intelligence

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Multi-agent co-ordination for the secondary voltage control in power-system contingencies

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 2001年第1期148卷 61-66页

作者： Wang, HF Univ Bath Dept Elect & Elect Engn Bath BA2 7AY Avon England

The secondary voltage control of power systems initiated by EDF has been developed successfully and applied mainly for the generator AVRS to improve power-system voltage stability. Work on secondary voltage control is presented involving various types of power-system voltage controllers, AVRs, SVCs and STATCOMs, for a new application: power-system voltage management in system contingencies. The secondary voltage control is proposed, to be implemented based on the principles of multi-agent system theory, an active branch of applications in the distributed artificial intelligence. An example power system is presented to demonstrate the necessity of the secondary voltage control among an AVR, an SVC and a STATCOM installed in the power system, and also to illustrate the success of applying the multi-agent co-ordination for their secondary voltage control in system contingencies.

关键词： STATCOM distributed artificial intelligence power system contingencies Control engineering computing Power engineering computing Power and energy control power system dynamic stability Expert systems and other AI software and techniques control design reactive power control control system synthesis power system voltage management artificial intelligence Control system analysis and synthesis methods Control of electric power systems power system voltage stability power system control Voltage control secondary voltage control static VAr compensators AVR voltage control multi-agent co-ordination Stability in control theory SVC multi-agent systems Power system control

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MALLET - A Multi-Agent Logic Language for Encoding Teamwork

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING 2006年第1期18卷 123-138页

作者： Fan, XC Yen, J Miller, M Ioerger, TR Volz, R Penn State Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol University Pk PA 16802 USA Texas A&M Univ Dept Comp Sci College Stn TX 77843 USA

MALLET, a Multi-Agent Logic Language for Encoding Teamwork, is intended to enable expression of teamwork emulating human teamwork, allowing experimentation with different levels and forms of inferred team intelligence. A consequence of this goal is that the actual teamwork behavior is determined by the level of intelligence built into the underlying system as well as the semantics of the language. In this paper, we give the design objectives, the syntax, and an operational semantics for MALLET in terms of a transition system. We show how the semantics can be used to reason about the behaviors of team-based agents. The semantics can also be,used to guide the implementation of various MALLET interpreters emulating different forms of team intelligence, as well as formally study the properties of team-based agents specified in MALLET. We have explored various forms of proactive information exchange behavior embodied in human teamwork using the CAST system, which implements a built-in MALLET interpreter.

关键词： artificial intelligence distributed artificial intelligence languages and structures

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Negotiation support systems: A multi-criteria and multi-agent approach

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH 1997年第2期103卷 389-409页

作者： Espinasse, B Picolet, G Chouraqui, E UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 3 IUSPIMDIAMCAMPUS SCI ST JEROMEF-13397 MARSEILLE 13FRANCE

This research concerns the development of an Negotiation Support Systems (NSS) based on a multi-criteria conceptual framework of the negotiation and developed according to a multi-agent architecture from distributed artificial intelligence (DAI). A first prototype of such a system, NegocIAD, has already been developed [8], but the weakness of its assistance to the negotiation process have led us to revise the conceptual framework in order to define a more relevant assistance to the negotiation process. This paper presents this new conceptual framework defined in order to develop a new prototype. First, we point out the originality of our multi-criteria and multi-agent approach, the general architecture and the limitations of NegocIAD. Then we present the new multi-criteria conceptual framework mainly based on the definition and the use of projection plans (group Gaia plans) emerging from principal component analysis (PCA) already proposed in a single decision maker context in extension of the Promethee method. In the next part, we develop the possible levels of use of these plans during the negotiation process and the type of assistance provided to the mediator. This assistance is mainly based on the elaboration and the interpretation of group Gaia plans for which we propose a set of interpretation rules and the outline of a method to make use of these rules for a relevant support to the mediator in the management of the negotiation process. Finally, we conclude on the perspectives of our future researches and developments for the new generation of our prototype in a multi-agent architecture context. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.

关键词： negotiation decision support systems negotiation support systems multi-criteria analysis multi-agent systems distributed artificial intelligence

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Simulation of the introduction of new technologies in air traffic management

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CONNECTION SCIENCE 2015年第3期27卷 269-287页

作者： Yliniemi, Logan Agogino, Adrian K. Tumer, Kagan Oregon State Univ Sch Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Corvallis OR 97331 USA Univ Calif Santa Cruz Intelligent Syst Div Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA

Accurate simulation of the effects of integrating new technologies into a complex system is critical to the modernisation of large infrastructure problems. This is especially true in the modernisation of our antiquated air traffic system, where there exist many layers of interacting procedures, controls, and automation all designed to cooperate with human operators. Additions of even simple new technologies may result in unexpected emergent behaviour due to complex human/machine interactions. One approach is to create high-fidelity human models coming from the field of human factors that can simulate a rich set of behaviours. However, such models are difficult to produce, especially to show unexpected emergent behaviour coming from many human operators interacting simultaneously within a complex system. Instead, we introduce an alternate approach. Instead of engineering complex human models, we directly model the emergent behaviour with relatively simple goal-directed agents. In this model, each autonomous agent in a system pursues individual goals, and the high-level behaviour of the system emerges from the interactions, foreseen or unforeseen, between the agents/actors. We show that this method is capable of reflecting the integration of new technologies in a historical case, and apply the same methodology for a possible future technology. Finally, we show how these high-level simulated behaviours compare to actual deployed air traffic control mechanisms in use today.

关键词： distributed artificial intelligence emergent behaviour multiagent learning

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