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27th Brazilian Symposium on Software Engineering (SBES)

作者： Guez Assuncao, Wesley Klewerton Colanzi, Thelma Elita Vergilio, Silvia Regina Pozo, Aurora Fed Univ Parana UFPR DINF BR-81531980 Curitiba Parana Brazil Technol Fed Univ Parana UTFPR COINF BR-85902490 Toledo Brazil State Univ Maringa UEM DIN Comp Sci Dept BR-87020900 Maringa Parana Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780769551654

The Integration and Test Order problem is very known in the software testing area. It is related to the determination of a test order of modules that minimizes stub creation effort, and consequently testing costs. A solution approach based on Multi-Objective and Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) achieved promising results, since these algorithms allow the use of different factors and measures that can affect the stubbing process, such as number of attributes and operations to be simulated by the stub. However, works based on such approach do not consider different modularization restrictions related to the software development environment. For example, the fact that some modules can be grouped into clusters to be developed and tested by independent teams. This is a very common practice in most organizations, particularly in that ones that adopt a distributed development process. Considering this fact, this paper introduces an evolutionary and multi-objective strategy to deal with such restrictions. The strategy was implemented and evaluated with real systems and three MOEAs. The results are analysed in order to compare the algorithms performance, and to better understand the problem in the presence of modularization restrictions. We observe an impact in the costs and a more complex search, when restrictions are considered. The obtained solutions are very useful and the strategy is applicable in practice.

关键词： Software testing multi-objective evolutionary algorithms distributed development

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The Role of Domain Knowledge and Cross-Functional Communication in Socio-Technical Coordination

The Role of Domain Knowledge and Cross-Functional Communicat...

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35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： Damian, Daniela Helms, Remko Kwan, Irwin Marczak, Sabrina Koelewijn, Benjamin Univ Victoria Dept Comp Sci Victoria BC Canada Univ Utrecht Dept Comp Sci Utrecht Netherlands Oregon State Univ Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Corvallis OR USA Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul Sch Comp Sci Porto Alegre RS Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781467330763

Software projects involve diverse roles and artifacts that have dependencies to requirements. Project team members in different roles need to coordinate but their coordination is affected by the availability of domain knowledge, which is distributed among different project members, and organizational structures that control cross-functional communication. Our study examines how information flowed between different roles in two software projects that had contrasting distributions of domain knowledge and different communication structures. Using observations, interviews, and surveys, we examined how diverse roles working on requirements and their related artifacts coordinated along task dependencies. We found that communication only partially matched task dependencies and that team members that are boundary spanners have extensive domain knowledge and hold key positions in the control structure. These findings have implications on how organizational structures interfere with task assignments and influence communication in the project, suggesting how practitioners can adjust team configuration and communication structures.

关键词： Software coordination cross-functional communication global software teams socio-technical coordination domain knowledge distributed development

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Architectural Task Allocation in distributed Environment: A Traceability Perspective

Architectural Task Allocation in Distributed Environment: A ...

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34th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： Imtiaz, Salma Int Islamic Univ Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467310673

Task allocation in distributed development is a challenging task due to intricate dependencies between distributed sites/teams and prior need of multifaceted information. Literature performs task allocation between distributed sites on limited criteria irrespective of the communication and coordination needs of the people. Conway's law relates product architecture with the communication and coordination needs of the people. Product architecture consists of multiple views based on different perspectives. Task allocation needs information about different architectural views and their interrelationships. Task allocation is also dependent on other factors not depicted in product architecture such as temporal, knowledge and cultural dependencies between distributed sites mentioned as external factors in the research. A well-conceived task allocation strategy will reduce communication and coordination dependency between sites/teams resulting in reduced time delay and smooth distributed development. The research aims to develop and validate a task allocation strategy based on information of system architecture for distributed environment. The strategy would consider all important factors during task allocation resulting in reduced communication and coordination overhead and time delay.

关键词： Task Allocation distributed development Product Architecture

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Low Degree of Separation Does Not Guarantee Easy Coordination

Low Degree of Separation Does Not Guarantee Easy Coordinatio...

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38th EUROMICRO Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA) / 15th EUROMICRO Digital Systems Design (DSD)

作者： Galvina, Zane Smite, Darja Univ Latvia Riga Latvia

ISBN: (纸本)9780769547909

In the times of increased global competition, software companies are forced to search for more effective development practices and often team up with onshore and offshore partners to develop faster and better products. In this paper we empirically explore a highly distributed onshore development project with a complex coordination structure. Our findings demonstrate that onshore development projects are not protected from coordination and communication challenges and task allocation complexities. Previously reported qualitative findings regarding organizational problems in this paper are supplemented with quantitative measurements of the true coordination delays and additional analysis of coordination patterns and their evolution.

关键词： distributed development Software development process Onshore outsourcing Coordination delay

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Empirical analysis of a distributed software development project

Empirical analysis of a distributed software development pro...

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2nd IFIP Central and East European Conference on Software Engineering Techniques (CEE-SET 2007)

作者： Cichocki, Przemyslaw Maccari, Alessandro Nokia Siemens Networks PL-00833 Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783540852780

In spite of the abundant research that promotes different methods for software development, and the current method war amidst agile and disciplined methods, little research is done to actually figure out whether real projects, carried out in industrial environments, benefit more from either approach. This paper analyses a real project team's opinions and feelings about project management techniques, software development methods and Cultural difference ill a multi-site project where traveling and communication are made difficult by restrictions and low-quality infrastructure. The different sites also worked in different time zones and with different working week patterns. The project team members almost unanimously indicated that the presence of a local team leader with authority and flexibility to cover a role that is not exactly as assigned ill the beginning, is key factor for the success of this sort of projects. While there was no consensus on whether the project was agile or disciplined, evidence seems to hint towards a more disciplined approach, probably as a compensation for the higher degree of uncertainty that derives from the distributed setup. While the findings of the case study cannot be extended to other organizations without caution, we do infer a number of conclusions on cultural differences, project management tools and techniques.

关键词： agile distributed development project management techniques evaluation human factors

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Systematic literature reviews in global software development: A tertiary study

Systematic literature reviews in global software development...

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16th International Conference on Evaluation & Assessment in Software Engineering (EASE 2012)

作者： J. M. Verner O. P. Brereton B. A . Kitchenham M. Turner M. Niazi Keele University Staffordshire UK KFUPM Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9781622762538

Context: There has been an increase in research into global software development (GSD) and in the number of systematic literature reviews (SLRs) addressing this topic. Objective: The aim of this research is to catalogue GSD SLRs in order to identify the topics covered, the active researchers, the publication vehicles, and to assess the quality of the SLRs identified. Method: We performed a broad automated search to find SLRs dealing with GSD. We differentiate between SLR studies and papers reporting those studies. Data relating to each of the following was extracted and synthesized from each study: authors and their affiliation at the time of publication, the journal or conference in which the paper was published, the quality of each study and the main GSD study topic. Results: Twenty-four GSD SLR studies and 37 papers reporting those studies were identified. Major GSD topics covered include: (1) organizational environment, (2) project execution, and (3) project planning and control. The main research groups are based in Brazil (17), Ireland (8), and Sweden (7). Conclusions: GSD SLR studies are most frequently reported in the International Conference on Global Software Engineering and IEEE Software; the two most popular topics for research are risk factors due to the organizational environment and the development process. The most active researchers are based in Brazil. The quality of the SLR studies has not changed over time.

关键词： Global software development Systematic review Tertiary review distributed development Mapping study GENETICALLY SIGNIFICANT DOSE computer software Software design Software engineering project execution Literature Review Project Planning international conference PROCESS development

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Participatory design in OSS development: interpretive case studies in company and community OSS development contexts

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BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 2011年第3期30卷 309-323页

作者： Iivari, Netta Univ Oulu Dept Informat Proc Sci Oulu 90014 Finland

This article examines distributed participatory design in open source software (OSS) development. User participation is becoming a relevant topic of research in the OSS development context. Though it has not been examined much to date, the OSS development context has been argued to advocate a particular type of participatory design, which can now be scrutinised in its natural setting as it evolves. Two interpretive case studies on user participation in OSS development are included in this article. The first examines a traditional community OSS development project;the second concentrates on the company OSS development context, the case being a software development unit of a global corporation involved in OSS development. Through analysis of the cases, different forms of participatory design (PD), especially of distributed PD, are identified. distributed PD is interpreted to include gaining an understanding of users' current practices, redesigning them together with users and gathering feedback from users related to the solutions. Different kinds of roles are available to users, as well as to for intermediaries 'representing users'. Especially, the importance of online forum-based and intermediary-driven PD is emphasised in this article. Implications for PD and OSS research and practice are considered.

关键词： participatory design user participation open source software development distributed development interpretive case study

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Sharing Source Code with Clients: A Hybrid Business and development Model

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IEEE SOFTWARE 2011年第4期28卷 36-41页

作者： Riepula, Mikko Aalto Univ Sch Econ Helsinki Finland

Open innovation and the recent emphasis on client involvement imply the emergence of hybrid software licensing models combining the limited openness of source code with traditional value appropriation logic. A practical hybrid licensing model responds to the needs of both business-to-business software vendors in vertical domains and consultancies that must maintain separate quasi-products. The central idea is that the vendor of commoditized products also licenses source code to select clients, who become participants in and subscribers to an ongoing closed development community. The tools and techniques are readily available from open source development, but the motivations and relationship management work differently than in a pure open source context.

关键词： OSS 2.0 client coproduction client innovation client-shared source corporate source distributed development gated source hybrid OSS inner source open source shared source software business model software commodification software commoditization software development software engineering software licensing

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Some Non-Usage Data for a distributed Editor: The Saros Outreach 4

Some Non-Usage Data for a Distributed Editor: The Saros Outr...

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4th International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (CHASE)

作者： Prechelt, Lutz Free Univ Berlin Inst Informat Berlin Germany

After contacting more than 40 companies and 11 OSS projects regarding using our distributed editor Saros, we find that almost all of those many who have a use case for it, are reluctant to even try it out. It appears ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781450305761

关键词： Outreach Eclipse Collaboration distributed development

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A Semantic e-Collaboration Approach to Enable Awareness in Globally distributed Organizations

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF E-COLLABORATION 2011年第1期7卷 1-16页

作者： Sultanow, Eldar Weber, Edzard Cox, Sean Univ Potsdam Potsdam Germany

Collaboration in temporal and spatially distributed environments has consistently faced the challenge of intense awareness extensively more than locally concentrated team play. Awareness means being informed, in conjunction with an understanding of activities, states and relationships of each individual within a given group as a whole. In multifarious offices, where social interaction is necessary to share and locate essential information, awareness becomes a concurrent process that amplifies the exigency for easy routes where personnel can navigate and access pertinent information, deferred or decentralized, in a formalized and context-sensitive way. Even as awareness has become a more pressing topic, extensive disagreement still remains concerning how any type of transparency can be conceptually and technically implemented. This paper introduces an awareness model to visualize and navigate such information in multi-tiers using semantic networks, GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Web3D. Ultimately, the model presented is used for an evaluation from a business organization's perspective.

关键词： distributed development e-Collaboration KMDL Real World Awareness Semantic Networks Visualization Web3D

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