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39th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice Track (ICSE-SEIP)

作者： Alnawasreh, Khaled Pelliccione, Patrizio Hao, Zhenxiao Range, Marten Bertolino, Antonia Chalmers Univ Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Gothenburg Sweden Univ Gothenburg Dept Comp Sci & Engn Gothenburg Sweden Ericsson AB Gothenburg Sweden CNR ISTI Via G Moruzzi 1 I-56124 Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781538627174

Having robust systems that behave properly even in presence of faults is becoming increasingly important. This is the case of the system we investigate in this paper, which is an embedded distributed system consisting of components that communicate with each other via messages exchange in the RBS (Radio Based Station) at Ericsson AB in Gothenburg, Sweden. Specifically, this paper describes a novel fault injection approach for testing the robustness of distributed embedded systems with very limited computation power. The new approach is inspired by Netflix's ChaosMonkey, a fault injection approach that has been developed for testing distributed systems hosted in the cloud. However, ChaosMonkey cannot be used in the context of RBS since the latter consists of small-embedded components with specific requirements of performance, programming language, and communication paradigm. This paper reports about the approach called Postmonkey we developed, illustrates the results of applying it to RBS, and discusses the potential of utilizing fault injection to test complex, embedded, and distributed systems. The approach and tool are now adopted by Ericsson.

关键词： online testing fault injection distributed embedded systems

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Active Diagnosis Automotive Ontology for distributed embedded systems

Active Diagnosis Automotive Ontology for Distributed Embedde...

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IEEE European Technology and Engineering Management Summit (E-TEMS)

作者： Mallak, Ahlam Weber, Christian Fathi, Madjid Holland, Alexander Univ Siegen Inst Knowledge Based Syst & Knowledge Management Siegen Germany FOM Univ Appl Sci Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781538637210

Active diagnosis is the retrieval and analysis of the diagnostic information at runtime. In order to enhance the system ability for detecting faults, isolating them, and deciding the most suitable recovery action during the shortest possible completion period at runtime. Thus, it is necessary to build a precise and appropriate knowledge-based model that is able to serve the diagnosis and the fixing tasks efficiently and accurately. This paper presents an approach for an active ontology-based automotive diagnostic and repair for distributed embedded systems. This approach helps in creating better understanding and realization of the knowledge-based diagnostic concepts in automotive systems, as well as the integration of these concepts with distributed embedded systems, to achieve better diagnosis and repair for actual automotive systems at runtime when deployed in the future.

关键词： Active diagnosis Automotive Ontology distributed embedded systems

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CloudBus Protocol Hardware Multi-Converter Gateway for distributed embedded systems 24

CloudBus Protocol Hardware Multi-Converter Gateway for Distr...

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24th International Conference Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and systems (MIXDES)

作者： Krzywicki, Kazimierz Barkalov, Alexander Andrzejewski, Grzegorz Titarenko, Larysa Kolopienczyk, Malgorzata Univ Zielona Gora Fac Comp Elect & Control Engn Inst Metrol Elect & Comp Sci Ul Licealna 9 PL-65417 Zielona Gora Poland Univ Zielona Gora Fac Comp Elect & Control Engn Inst Control & Computat Engn Ul Licealna 9 PL-65417 Zielona Gora Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9788363578121

The CloudBus protocol is one of the methods which is used for data exchange and concurrent process synchronization in the distributed embedded systems. It realizes decentralized (distributed) control method, where each node is equal to each other. This communication model allows the significant savings in the amount of transmitted data between end modules. However, there are many distributed embedded systems, which are already implemented and working in the field. Switching the entire communication interface to the another protocol would result in high costs and process control interruption. This paper proposes a hardware converter which provides the integration of the CloudBus protocol with most popular protocols used in the industry. It allows for the extension and connection of the existing systems with the distributed embedded systems based on the CloudBus protocol. The research results provide performance and resource usage analysis for different converter architectures. The verification was performed on the SoC research and development platform for distributed embedded systems, which is based on Xilinx Zynq-7000.

关键词： CloudBus protocol hardware converter CloudBus gateway distributed embedded systems industrial protocols

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An embedded DSL Framework for distributed embedded systems: Doctoral Symposium 17

An Embedded DSL Framework for Distributed Embedded Systems: ...

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Proceedings of the 11th ACM International Conference on distributed and Event-based systems

作者： Adrian Mizzi Joshua Ellul Gordon Pace Department of Computer Science University of Malta Malta

ISBN: (纸本)9781450350655

Programming distributed embedded systems gives rise to a number of challenges. The distributed nodes are typically resource constrained, requiring expert systems programming skills to manage the limited power, communication bandwidth, and memory and computation constraints. The challenge of raising the level of abstraction of programming such systems without incurring too high of an execution performance penalty is thus an important one, and many approaches have been explored in the *** work presented in this paper investigates a framework and domain specific language (DSL) to enable programming of such systems at a global network level. The framework enables the compilation, analysis, transformation and interpretation of high-level descriptions of stream processing applications in which information is received and processed in *** ongoing research aims at investigating the following directions. Firstly, a framework to allow the manipulation and multiple interpretations of a stream processor description to support the heterogeneity aspect of devices. Secondly, a language to hide the low-level detail from the developer, while allowing the developer to add hints to enable more efficient compilations. Thirdly, through transformations, different stream processing applications can be fused together to run on the same distributed network to make best of use of available resources.

关键词： embedded DSL distributed embedded systems domain specific languages wireless sensor networks functional programming

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Modeling of Legacy distributed embedded systems at Vehicle Abstraction Level 19

Modeling of Legacy Distributed Embedded Systems at Vehicle A...

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19th International ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on Component-Based Software Engineering (CBSE)

作者： Mubeen, Saad Nolte, Thomas Sjodin, Mikael Lundback, John Galnander, Mattias Lundback, Kurt-Lennart Malardalen Univ Malardalen Real Time Res Ctr Vasteras Sweden Arcticus Syst AB Jarfalla Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781509025695

A large majority of existing software development approaches in the vehicle industrial domain have a limited or no modeling support to fully reuse legacy nodes at the highest abstraction, called the vehicle level. In this paper, we introduce a new technique for model- and component-based development of vehicular distributed embedded systems at the vehicle level. The proposed technique supports not only modeling of crude nodes or Electronic Control Units but also modeling of legacy nodes whose software architectures can be partially or completely reused. As a proof of concept, we implement the modeling technique in an industrial model, the Rubus Component Model. In order to show the usability of our approach, we model a vehicular application using the extended component model and its tool suite.

关键词： component model component-based software engineering distributed embedded systems Vehicular embedded systems

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On Timing Analysis of Component-based Vehicular distributed embedded systems at Various Abstraction Levels 13

On Timing Analysis of Component-based Vehicular Distributed ...

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13th Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture (WICSA)

作者： Mubeen, Saad Nolte, Thomas Malardalen Univ Malardalen Real Time Res Ctr MRTC Vasteras Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781509021314

Software development of component-based distributed embedded systems in the vehicle domain can be described at various abstraction levels. One important activity during the development of these systems is to verify their timing requirements by using pre-runtime analysis techniques, e.g., end-to-end timing analysis. There are several models and tools in the vehicle domain that support the timing analysis of these systems. In this paper, we discuss and compare our recent works with the existing techniques that support the end-to-end timing analysis of these systems at each abstraction level.

关键词： CBSE Component-based development distributed embedded systems End-to-end timing analysis vehicular embedded systems

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Latency, Power, and Security Optimization in distributed Reconfigurable embedded systems 30

Latency, Power, and Security Optimization in Distributed Rec...

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30th IEEE International Parallel and distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)

作者： Nam, Hyunsuk Lysecky, Roman Univ Arizona Dept Elect & Comp Engn Tucson AZ 85721 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509036820

distributed embedded systems are increasingly prevalent in numerous applications, and with pervasive network access within these systems, security is also a critical design concern. In this paper, we present a modeling and optimization framework for distributed reconfigurable embedded systems, which maps tasks on a distributed embedded system with the goal of optimizing latency, energy, and/or security across all computing and communication levels. The proposed modeling framework for dataflow applications integrates models for computational latency, security levels for inter-task and intra-task communication, communication latency, and power consumption. We evaluate the proposed methodology using a video-based object detection and tracking application.

关键词： distributed embedded systems security co-design modeling dynamic optimization design space exploration

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End-to-end Timing Analysis of Black-box Models in Legacy Vehicular distributed embedded systems 21

End-to-end Timing Analysis of Black-box Models in Legacy Veh...

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21st IEEE International Conference on embedded and Real-Time Computing systems and Applications (RTCSA)

作者： Mubeen, Saad Sjodin, Mikael Nolte, Thomas Lundback, John Galnander, Mattias Lundback, Kurt-Lennart Malardalen Univ Malardalen Real Time Res Ctr MRTC Vasteras Sweden Arcticus Syst AB Jarfalla Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781467378550

A majority of existing techniques and tools, used in the vehicular industry, support the extraction of end-to-end timing models. Such models are used to perform timing analysis of distributed embedded systems at an abstraction level that is close to their implementation. This paper takes a first initiative to provide such a support at a higher level of abstraction. At such a level, the system can be modeled with inter-connected blackbox models of nodes whose internal software architectures may not be available. However, most of the design decisions about network communication are available. This represents a typical scenario in the vehicular industry where most of the artifacts are reused from either legacy systems, other projects or previous releases of the vehicle. In this paper we present an approach for the extraction of end-to-end timing models at the highest level of abstraction used in the vehicular domain. Using these models, end-to-end path delay analysis of the systems can be performed at a higher abstraction level and at an early phase during the development. As a proof of concept we implement this technique in an industrial tool suite, Rubus-ICE, that is used for the development of these systems by several international companies. Using the extended tool, we conduct a vehicularapplication case study.

关键词： End-to-end timing analysis distributed embedded systems model- and based development vehicular embedded software embedded systems level of abstraction end-to-end time series analysis Abstraction BLACK-BOX Legacy systems

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EmbedCloud - Design and Implementation Method of distributed embedded systems 6

EmbedCloud - Design and Implementation Method of Distributed...

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6th IFIPWG 5.5/SOCOLNET Advanced Doctoral Conference on Computing, Electrical and Industrial systems (DoCEIS)

作者： Krzywicki, Kazimierz Adamski, Marian Andrzejewski, Grzegorz Univ Zielona Gora Dept Elect Engn Comp Sci & Telecommun Ul Licealna 9 PL-65417 Zielona Gora Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319167664;9783319167657

This paper presents a novel design and implementation methodology of the distributed embedded systems, called EmbedCloud. It defines structured implementation model for each module in the system. EmbedCloud forms the basis for the automatic code generation algorithm of the distributed embedded systems which accelerates and simplifies synthesis process of such systems. The EmbedCloud utilizes CloudBus protocol demonstrated in previous publications, which provides a process synchronization and control mechanism for a number of processing units distributed in a network. The CloudBus protocol allows to significant savings in the amount of transmitted data between end modules in the distributed embedded system, especially when compared with the other protocols used in the industry. To verify and evaluate the performance of the EmbedCloud, a concurrent process was described using Petri nets. Hardware tests and synthesis verification of the distributed embedded system was performed on the testing platform built with AVR, ATmega series microcontrollers. The tests confirmed the correctness of the developed source code and EmbedCloud method. Furthermore, resource requirements and reaction time analysis were performed.

关键词： distributed embedded systems embedded system design Hardware synthesis Process control EmbedCloud method CloudBus protocol

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Multi-level risk classification of distributed embedded software failures for autonomous systems

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART O-JOURNAL OF RISK AND RELIABILITY 2025年

作者： Gomola, Alojz Kristensen, Susanna Dybwad Utne, Ingrid Bouwer NTNU Dept Marine Technol Otto Nielsens Veg 10 N-7491 Trondheim Norway

With increasing autonomy in systems, the role of software becomes more prominent as it overtakes human operator functions. The software in autonomy differs from automation with respect to functionality, implementation, and complexity, and software failures contribute to system and operational risk. Such failures, however, are often not sufficiently catered for in current risk assessments and mitigation processes, as they are challenging to identify and quantify, in particular, in the early conceptual design phase. Software reliability is not the same as software safety, as the latter encompasses the context and use of the software, as well as interactions and potential cascading failures to hardware, humans, and the environment. It is also difficult to investigate cascading effects on the system that may follow from software failures. The objective of this paper is to propose a novel classification taxonomy to support a more thorough identification of software failures for systems with different degrees of autonomy, as well as for software implementation techniques. The risk from software is interwoven into the design, development, validation, and verification processes, impacting safe operation. The proposed taxonomy can be used iteratively from the early design phase as the detailed design concepts evolve. The level of abstraction for system and software functions decreases with the design and development process. The validation and verification processes must ensure the software's safety and reliability on different system abstraction levels. The software taxonomy in this paper includes relevant causes, consequences, and process relationships, and has been created based on existing industry classifications, research, and system models. A case study applying the taxonomy to navigation and collision avoidance functions on the subsystem level of a Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) is performed. Software properties extracted from existing systems and knowledge

关键词： Software failure autonomous systems cyber-physical systems ship functional model distributed embedded systems software risk taxonomy autonomous ship software

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