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检索条件"主题词=distributed embedded systems"

共 113 条记录，以下是81-90 订阅

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Fault Detection in Discrete Event Based distributed systems by Forecasting Message Sequences with Neural Networks

Fault Detection in Discrete Event Based Distributed Systems ...

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32nd Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelligence

作者： Langer, Falk Eilers, Dirk Knorr, Rudi Fraunhofer ESK D-80686 Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642046162

In reliable systems fault detection is essential for ensuring the correct behavior. automotive electronical systems consists of 30 to 80 electronic control units which provide up to 2.500 atomic functions. Because of the, growing dependencies between the (different functionality, very complex interactions between the software functions are often taking place. Within this paper the diagnosability of the behavior of distributed embedded software systems are addressed. In contrast to conventional fault detection the main target is to set up a self learning mechanism based on artificial neural networks (ANN). For reaching this goal, three basic characteristics have been identified which shall (describe the observe(l network traffic within defined constraints. With a new extension to the reber grammar the possibility to cover the challenges on diagnosability with ANN can be shown.

关键词： self learning fault detection distributed embedded systems message sequence learning neural networks

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Holistic Modeling of Time Sensitive Networking in Component-based Vehicular embedded systems 45

Holistic Modeling of Time Sensitive Networking in Component-...

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45th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA) / 22nd Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design (DSD)

作者： Mubeen, Saad Ashjaei, Mohammad Sjodin, Mikael Malardalen Univ Vasteras Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781728134215

This paper presents the first holistic modeling approach for Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) communication that integrates into a model- and component-based software development framework for distributed embedded systems. Based on these new models, we also present an end-to-end timing model for TSN-interconnected distributed embedded systems. Our approach is expressive enough to model the timing information of TSN and the timing behaviour of software that communicates over TSN, hence allowing end-to-end timing analysis. A proof of concept for the proposed approach is provided by implementing it for a component model and tool suite used in the vehicle industry. Moreover, a use case from the vehicle industry is modeled and analyzed with the proposed approach to demonstrate its usability.

关键词： component model distributed embedded systems embedded software end to end timing analysis Time Sensitive Networking TSN Vehicular embedded systems

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Evolutionary Algorithm for Incremental Scheduling in systems of systems with Real-Time Requirements 47

Evolutionary Algorithm for Incremental Scheduling in Systems...

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47th Annual Conference of the IEEE-Industrial-Electronics-Society (IECON)

作者： Majidi, Setareh Obermaisser, Roman Univ Siegen Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn Siegen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665435543

Time-triggerul systems-of-systems (SoS) promise to satisfy the real-time and dependability requirements of safety-relevant applications such as medical systems, smart manufacturing and defense systems. However, the time-triggered scheduling algorithms in the state-of-the-art were developed for monolithic systems and they do not support the requirements and constraints of SoS. Scheduling tasks and optimizing the resource allocation in SoS is more complex than in monolithic systems due to the autonomy of its constituting systems, the lack of central control, and no global information about the resources in different constituent systems. In this article, we propose a two-level interactive heuristic approach using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to schedule real-time applications incrementally by adding them to the time-triggered SoS. We compute and deploy the schedule for each new SoS application at runtime after its arrival. Therefore, the limited communication and computational resources must be shared between different SoS applications released over time. By reducing the blocking time of shared resources, we can cope with the possible shortage of resources for future applications. Therefore, we develop a new resource allocation algorithm which creates more balance in the blocking times of shared resources and helps to satisfy future resource requests. We generate example scenarios to examine the schedulability of our new incremental scheduling algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed optimization scheme compared to an incremental scheduler without blocking time considerations can find a better schedule for a sequence of applications.

关键词： systems of systems Incremental Scheduling Real-Time Communication Genetic Algorithm distributed embedded systems

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Categorizing and Analysis of Activated Faults in the FlexRay Communication Controller Registers

Categorizing and Analysis of Activated Faults in the FlexRay...

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14th IEEE European Test Symposium (EST 2009)

作者： Sedaghat, Yasser Miremadi, Seyed Ghassem Sharif Univ Technol Dependable Syst Lab Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9780769537030

FlexRay communication protocol is expected becoming the de-facto standard for distributed safety-critical systems. In this paper, transient single bit-flip faults were injected into the FlexRay communication controller to categorize and analyze the activated faults. In this protocol, an activated fault results in one or more error types which are Boundary violation, Conflict, Content, Freeze, Synchronization, and Syntax. To study the activated faults, a FlexRay bus network, composed of four nodes, was modeled by Verilog HDL;and a total of 135,600 transient faults were injected in only one node, where 9,342 (6.9%) of the faults were activated The results show that the Synchronization error is the widespread error with the occurrence ratio of about 70.1%. The Boundary violation and the Syntax errors have the occurrence ratios of 32.4% and 24.6% respectively. The results also show that the Freeze error which more frequent resulted system failures has the occurrence ratio of about 17.3%.

关键词： Safety-critical applications distributed embedded systems FlexRay protocol Fault injection

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Engineering concurrent and reactive systems with distributed real-time abstract state machines -: Bridging the gap between formal and empirical approaches

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Working Conference on distributed and Parallel embedded systems (DIPES 2004) held at the 18th World Computer Congress

作者： Glässer, U Vajihollahi, M Simon Fraser Univ Sch Comp Sci Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)1402081480

This paper revisits the distributed real-time abstract state machine (ASM) paradigm as a feasible, yet robust, approach to high-level specification and design of distributed embedded systems. The flexibility in modeling reactive system behavior, the well defined underlying concurrency framework, and the ability to gradually sharpen requirements into specifications, inspires viewing the ASM paradigm as an agile formalization method that directly supports fundamental practical needs in modeling such systems.

关键词： distributed embedded systems requirements specification agile formalization

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An Effective Synchronization Cost Reduction Approach

An Effective Synchronization Cost Reduction Approach

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15th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) /11th IEEE/IFIP International Conference on embedded and Ubiquitous Computing (EUC)

作者： Kermia, Omar Kechad, Ramdane CDTA CSE Team Algiers Algeria

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550886

In the area of distributed embedded systems, the literature includes a considerable number of works on synchronization tools or protocols but little ones on the non less important topic of synchronization cost. Synchronization operations impose temporal order on a software system by forcing some tasks to wait until other tasks complete their computations. However, synchronization costs can negatively affect embedded system performances. This paper proposes an effective approach for minimizing the synchronization cost by eliminating redundant synchronizations and describes tests performed under realistic conditions which have shown significant improvements.

关键词： distributed embedded systems Operating systems Synchronization Cost Optimization

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Six-DoF Pose Estimation Using Dual-Axis Rotating Laser Sweeps Using a Probabilistic Framework

Six-DoF Pose Estimation Using Dual-Axis Rotating Laser Sweep...

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8th International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN)

作者： Laurijssen, Dennis Truijen, Steven Saeys, Wim Daems, Walter Steckel, Jan Univ Antwerp FTI CoSys Lab Antwerp Belgium Univ Antwerp FMH REVAKI Antwerp Belgium Univ Antwerp Ctr Care Technol Antwerp Belgium Flanders Make Strateg Res Ctr Lommel Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781509062997

Pose estimation systems have seen some big developments in the last two decades due to technological advances and a greater need for these systems. The industry that thrives and simultaneously popularizes these developments is the entertainment industry. One of the latest developments in home entertainment are Virtual Reality systems that lets users have an immersive experience when playing video games. In order to fully achieve this immersive experience, objects in the 'real world' can be used to manipulate objects in the virtual world. Therefore the 'real world' objects need to be located in the user's environment to a great extent. One of these virtual reality kits utilizes an optical solution that incorporates dual-axis rotating laser sweeps on the transmitter side and photodiodes on the receiver side to achieve the positioning of these objects. Since the transmitters are stand-alone systems that can be purchased at a relatively low price, we propose to use this hardware in combination with custom low-cost receiver hardware to achieve an affordable yet precise and accurate six degrees-of-freedom human body pose estimation system.

关键词： Pose Estimation Motion Capture Sensor Arrays distributed embedded systems

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Using FTT-Ethernet for the coordinated dispatching of tasks and messages for node replication 19

Using FTT-Ethernet for the coordinated dispatching of tasks ...

引用

19th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technology and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Derasevic, Sinisa Proenza, Julian Barranco, Manuel Univ Illes Balears DMI Palma de Mallorca Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781479948451

The Flexible Time Triggered (FTT) paradigm provides online flexible scheduling for distributed embedded systems but it does not present adequate fault tolerance mechanisms so as to reach a very high reliability. Adding the adequate fault tolerance mechanisms to FTT-based architectures would open room for adaptive yet highly dependable systems. In this work we present a fault-tolerant system architecture for control applications that adds a node replication scheme with voting on top of an FTT-based system. Using a previously proposed network-centric approach we show how to coordinate the execution of the different phases for a typical control application in our system architecture, i.e. we show how to trigger the execution of tasks in node replicas and the transmission of messages in the communication channel, using the underlying FTT protocol. At the end, we demonstrate how to apply this idea of coordinated dispatching to one concrete control application, ball-on-plate.

关键词： control engineering computing dispatching embedded systems fault tolerant computing local area networks protocols scheduling telecommunication channels FTT paradigm FTT protocol FTT-Ethernet FTT-based architectures FTT-based system communication channel coordinated dispatching distributed embedded systems fault tolerance mechanisms fault-tolerant system architecture flexible time triggered paradigm network-centric approach node replication scheme online flexible scheduling Actuators Computer architecture Dispatching Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems Sensors Switches

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Towards More Effective Spectrum Use Based on Memory Allocation Models

Towards More Effective Spectrum Use Based on Memory Allocati...

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35th Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： Meier, John Gill, Christopher Chamberlain, Roger D. Washington Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn St Louis MO 63130 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769544397

Modern embedded systems are increasingly likely to be distributed across multiple devices and platforms that must interact with high precision across wireless networks. Traditional ways of managing the wireless radio spectrum suffer from two fundamental limitations, which the research presented in this paper addresses: (1) spectrum is divided a priori into static coarse-grained partitions without reference to details of particular applications;and (2) partitions are non-overlapping, which although beneficial to reduce interference prevents a much greater utilization of the spectrum through carefully allowing overlap of spectrum allocations. To overcome these limitations, we propose an approach to spectrum allocation based on dynamic allocation of diverse portions of the overall spectrum and overlapping allocations to increase utilization. This paper makes three main contributions to the state of the art in spectrum management for embedded systems: (1) it examines how memory management techniques such as Knuth's buddy algorithm can be applied to spectrum management, in the face of transmission failures that may arise from the physical environment;(2) it extends that approach to consider transmission failures resulting from interference, when overlapping regions of spectrum are allocated to increase utilization;and (3) it presents results of simulation experiments we conducted to evaluate those approaches, which demonstrate their efficacy and suggest future extensions based on them.

关键词： wireless radio spectrum allocation modeling and simulation buddy algorithm distributed embedded systems

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A Low-Cost On-Line Monitoring Mechanism for the FlexRay Communication Protocol

A Low-Cost On-Line Monitoring Mechanism for the FlexRay Comm...

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4th Latin-American Symposium on Dependable Computing

作者： Sedaghat, Yasser Miremadi, Seyed Ghassem Sharif Univ Technol Dependable Syst Lab Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781424446780

Nowadays, communication protocols are used in safety-critical automotive applications. In these applications, fault tolerance is a main requirement and the existence of single points of failure is a serious threat to system failures. Among the communication protocols, FlexRay is expected to become the communication backbone for future automotive systems. In this paper, we identify single points of failure in the FlexRay protocol by injecting a total of 135,600 single-bit transient faults into all accessible registers of the FlexRay communication controller. The results showed that about 1.2% of all injected faults caused the controller to freeze immediately. Based on these results and detailed study of the FlexRay specifications, a low-cost on-line monitoring mechanism is proposed to check freeze errors. Using this mechanism, the host controller distinguishes about 99.8% all occurred freeze errors into errors due to transient faults or due to standard operation of the FlexRay protocol.

关键词： distributed embedded systems FlexRay protocol Fault injection Transient faults Single point of failure On-line monitoring

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