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distributed hierarchical control Architecture for Transient Dynamics Improvement in Power Systems

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 2013年第3期28卷 3065-3074页

作者： Marinovici, Laurentiu Dan Lian, Jianming Kalsi, Karanjit Du, Pengwei Elizondo, Marcelo Pacific NW Natl Lab Richland WA 99354 USA Pacific NW Natl Lab Seattle WA 98109 USA

In this paper, a novel distributed hierarchical control architecture is proposed for large-scale power systems. The newly proposed architecture facilitates faster and more accurate frequency restoration during primary frequency control, by providing decentralized robust control to several selected pilot generators in each area. At the local level, these decentralized robust controllers are designed to quickly damp oscillations and restore frequency after large faults and disturbances in the system. Incorporating this supplementary governor control helps the system reach the nominal frequency without necessarily requiring secondary frequency control. Thus, at the area level, automatic generation control (AGC) actions are alleviated in terms of conducting frequency restoration. Moreover, at the area level, AGC coordinates with the decentralized robust controllers to successfully perform tie-line power balancing, while efficiently damping low-frequency inter-area oscillations. The interaction of local and area controllers is validated through detailed simulations.

关键词： Automatic Generation control decentralized robust control distributed hierarchical control frequency restoration

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distributed hierarchical control FOR PARALLEL PROCESSING

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COMPUTER 1990年第5期23卷 65-77页

作者： FEITELSON, DG RUDOLPH, L Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem

A description is given of a novel design, using a hierarchy of controllers, that effectively controls a multiuser, multiprogrammed parallel system. Such a structure allows dynamic repartitioning according to changing job requirements. The design goals are examined, and the principles of distributed hierarchical control are presented. control over processors is discussed. Mapping and load balancing with distributed hierarchical control are considered. Support for gang scheduling as well as availability and fault tolerance is addressed. The use of distributed hierarchical control in memory management and I/O is discussed

关键词： I/O availability changing job requirements distributed hierarchical control dynamic repartitioning fault tolerance gang scheduling load balancing mapping memory management multiprogrammed parallel system multiprogramming multiuser parallel system parallel processing processor control

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distributed hierarchical control structure for voltage harmonic compensation and harmonic current sharing in isolated MicroGrids

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SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GRIDS & NETWORKS 2018年 16卷 55-69页

作者： Ghanizadeh, Reza Gharehpetian, Gevork B. Islamic Azad Univ Urmia Branch Dept Elect Engn Orumiyeh Iran Amirkabir Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Tehran Iran

In this paper, a distributed hierarchical control structure is proposed for compensating voltage harmonics of Sensitive Load Bus (SLB) and sharing current harmonics of load current among distributed Generation (DG) units in isolated MicroGrids (MGs). In this structure, each DG has primary and secondary controller implemented locally. In the primary control level, a method is proposed for voltage harmonic compensation at SLB and sharing the compensation workload, which is based on non-fundamental apparent power, and directly takes into account the rated capacity limitation of DG inverter. Furthermore, in this level, another method is proposed for accurate harmonic current sharing among DGs which is based on circulating currents. The proposed method is capable of removing harmonic current sharing error without using any knowledge about MG topology and also impedances of distribution lines and loading conditions. Moreover, the effect of the applying proposed method on the amplitude and quality of DG output voltage waveforms will be insignificant. The secondary control level transmits the reference control signals to the primary control level in order to decrease the voltage harmonics at SLB and share harmonic currents among DGs. Details of designing control system parameters are presented and simulation results are given to show the efficiency of the proposed structure. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： distributed generation MicroGrid distributed hierarchical control Harmonic current sharing Voltage harmonics compensation

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distributed hierarchical control for Voltage Stability and Proportional Current Sharing in Island-Mode DC Microgrids 5

Distributed Hierarchical Control for Voltage Stability and P...

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5th IEEE Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (GPECOM)

作者： Calpbinici, Ayberk Irmak, Erdal Kabalci, Ersan Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli Univ Vocat Sch Elect & Energy Dept Nevsehir Turkiye Gazi Univ Fac Technol Elect & Elect Engn Ankara Turkiye Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli Univ Elect & Elect Engn Fac Engn & Architecture Nevsehir Turkiye

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301984

This paper presents a novel distributed hierarchical control method for ensuring voltage stability at the common connection point and achieving proportional current sharing among power converter elements in island mode DC microgrids. The proposed control method operates in two levels, namely primary and secondary control. The primary control employs droop control to achieve proportional current sharing, but it introduces bus voltage deviation. To address this, the secondary control incorporates a voltage regulation term to correct the voltage deviation, while also preventing current distortions through a current regulation term. Furthermore, a dynamic consensus algorithm is employed to estimate the energy parameters of the entire microgrid using data from neighboring controllers, reducing the communication burden and distance compared to central hierarchical control. The LORA communication modules are employed to facilitate communication, enabling the establishment of widely spread microgrids. Experimental validation of the designed distributed hierarchical control is conducted on a laboratory microgrid, and the obtained results are presented.

关键词： distributed hierarchical control DC microgrid Voltage stability Proportional current sharing LORA

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distributed hierarchical control for Proportional Current Sharing in PV Systems 2

Distributed Hierarchical Control for Proportional Current Sh...

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IEEE 2nd Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (GPECOM)

作者： Calpbinici, Ayberk Irmak, Erdal Kabalci, Ersan Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli Univ Elect & Energy Dept Vocat Sch Nevsehir Turkey Gazi Univ Elect & Elect Engn Fac Technol Ankara Turkey Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli Univ Elect & Elect Engn Engn & Architecture Fac Nevsehir Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781728162645

Providing proportional power sharing between distributed energy sources plays a crucial role for the safe operation of microgrids. For proportional current sharing, while controlling the output current of constant power sources, the power generated by intermittent sources such as PV systems should be tracked. Therefore, this paper presents a distributed hierarchical control method that regulates the proportional current sharing considering both the generation capacity of PV systems and the load change on DC bus. For this purpose, per unit current values are used in order to transfer less information. Since the per-unit current values are suitable for plug and play function, there is no need to change the the control algorithm in case new PV systems are added. In order to test the proposed method, a simulation is performed in Matlab/Simulink and results show that the developed distributed hierarchical control method offers better control in power control of PV sources.

关键词： distributed hierarchical control proportional current sharing DC microgird

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distributed hierarchical control for Railway Passenger-Dedicated Line Intelligent Transportation System Based on Multi-Agent

Distributed Hierarchical Control for Railway Passenger-Dedic...

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1st International Conference on Swarm Intelligence

作者： Sun, Jingdong Wang, Yao Wang, Shan Southwest Jiaotong Univ Dept Traff & Transportat 1 Jingqu Rd Emeishan 614202 Sichuan Peoples R China Southwest Jiaotong Univ Dept Comp Sci & Commun Engn 1 Jingqu Rd Emeishan 614202 Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Informat Elect & Syst Engn Dept Sichuan 611731 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642134975

Through detailed analysis of control problem of railway passenger-dedicated line intelligent transportation system, a distributed hierarchical control method was proposed by blending the factitious division of hierarchical system and the natural division of distributed control system. This method is based on the hierarchical control theory of large scale system, and includes three levels: the organization level, the coordination level, and the execution level. The objectives are decreasing the total delay time and increasing the absorption to passengers of the successive trains, a method for train operation adjustment based on Multi-Agent is developed, and the control strategy based on rules is proposed. The distributed hierarchical control method deals with the train planning, the coordination of trains, and the action control of trains in different layers. The organization level responds to the real-time changing transport demands and determines the planning orders of the trains, the coordination level is used to resolve the underlying conflicts between trains in the system, and the execution level is used to control the action of the trains. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the model and the revised algorithm based on Multi-Agent comparing with the traditional control theory.

关键词： railway passenger-dedicated line intelligent transportation system distributed hierarchical control Multi-Agent dispatch

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distributed hierarchical control for an Urban Rail Transit Intelligent Transportation System Based on Multi-Agent 5

Distributed Hierarchical Control for an Urban Rail Transit I...

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5th International Conference on Transportation Engineering, ICTE 2015

作者： Sun, Jingdong Department of Traffic and Transportation Southwest Jiaotong University No. 1 Jingqu Rd. Emeishan Sichuan China

ISBN: (数字)9780784479384

ISBN: (纸本)9780784479384

Through detailed analysis of control problem of urban rail transit intelligent transportation system, a distributed hierarchical control method was proposed by blending the factitious division of hierarchical system and the natural division of distributed control system. This method is based on the hierarchical control theory of large scale system, and includes three levels: the organization level, the coordination level, and the execution level. The objectives are decreasing the total delay time and increasing the absorption to passengers of the successive trains, a method for train operation adjustment based on Multi-Agent is developed, and the control strategy based on rules is proposed. The distributed hierarchical control method deals with the train planning, the coordination of trains, and the action control of trains in different layers. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the model and the revised algorithm based on Multi-Agent comparing with the traditional control theory. © ASCE.

关键词： Urban rail transit Intelligent transportation system distributed hierarchical control Multi-agent Dispatch

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Modeling and Sensitivity Study of Consensus Algorithm-Based distributed hierarchical control for DC Microgrids

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID 2016年第3期7卷 1504-1515页

作者： Meng, Lexuan Dragicevic, Tomislav Roldan-Perez, Javier Vasquez, Juan C. Guerrero, Josep M. Aalborg Univ Dept Energy Technol DK-9220 Aalborg Denmark Comillas Pontifical Univ Sch Engn Madrid 28015 Spain

distributed control methods based on consensus algorithms have become popular in recent years for microgrid (MG) systems. These kind of algorithms can be applied to share information in order to coordinate multiple distributed generators within a MG. However, stability analysis becomes a challenging issue when these kinds of algorithms are used, since the dynamics of the electrical and the communication systems interact with each other. Moreover, the transmission rate and topology of the communication network also affect the system dynamics. Due to discrete nature of the information exchange in the communication network, continuous-time methods can be inaccurate for this kind of dynamic study. Therefore, this paper aims at modeling a complete dc MG using a discrete-time approach in order to perform a sensitivity analysis taking into account the effects of the consensus algorithm. To this end, a generalized modeling method is proposed and the influence of key control parameters, the communication topology, and the communication speed are studied in detail. The theoretical results obtained with the proposed model are verified by comparing them with the results obtained with a detailed switching simulator developed in Simulink/Plecs.

关键词： Consensus algorithm dc microgrids dc/dc converters discrete-time (DT) modeling distributed hierarchical control

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Fully distributed hierarchical control of Parallel Grid-Supporting Inverters in Islanded AC Microgrids

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS 2018年第2期14卷 679-690页

作者： Li, Zhongwen Zang, Chuanzhi Zeng, Peng Yu, Haibin Li, Shuhui Chinese Acad Sci Shenyang Inst Automat Lab Networked Control Syst Shenyang 110016 Liaoning Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Sch Elect Engn Zhengzhou 450001 Henan Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Alabama Dept Elect & Comp Engn Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA

In this paper, a fully distributed hierarchical control strategy is proposed for operating networked grid-supporting inverters (GSIs) in islanded acmicrogrids (MGs). The primary control level implements frequency and voltage control of an ac MG through a cascaded structure, consisting of a droop control loop, a virtual impedance control loop, a mixed H-2/H-infinity-based voltage control loop, and a sliding-mode-control-based current loop. Compared to conventional proportional-plus-integral-based cascaded control, the proposed cascaded control does not require a precise model for the GSI system. The proposed secondary control level implements distributed-consensus-based economic automatic generation control and distributed automatic voltage control, which integrates the conventional secondary control and tertiary control into a single control level by bridging a gap between traditional secondary control and tertiary control. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hierarchical control strategy.

关键词： Automatic voltage control (AVC) distributed consensus distributed hierarchical control droop control economic automatic generation control (EAGC) grid-supporting inverter (GSI)

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An Estimation Algorithm for distributed hierarchical control Used in Microgrids 4

An Estimation Algorithm for Distributed Hierarchical Control...

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4th IEEE Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference (IEEE GPECOM)

作者： Calpbinici, Ayberk Kabalci, Ersan Irmak, Erdal Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli Univ Elect & Energy Deparment Vocat Sch Nevsehir Turkey Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli Univ Elect & Elect Engn Engn & Architecture Fac Nevsehir Turkey Gazi Univ Fac Technol Elect & Elect Engn Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781665469258

The distributed hierarchical control method is preferred in microgrids to reduce the communication issues such as shortening the communication distance, decreasing the communication traffic and minimizing the failures. However, failure to detect changes in loads due to communication problems can lead to disturb the proportional current sharing and voltage stability of the microgrid. Therefore, this paper proposes an estimation algorithm to maintain both the voltage stability and the proportional current sharing between the sources in case of communication failures between the controllers. The algorithm is created using the weighted moving average method and estimates the data that should come from the neighbors during any failure. In order to test the performance of the algorithm, its simulation is performed in Matlab/Simulink and it is observed that the proposed algorithm has better results than conventional ones like zero order hold.

关键词： distributed hierarchical control weighted moving average microgrid

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