Rigorous equivalent networks are presented in catalog form for a large variety of planar acoustic interfaces between two media. Although these networks are phrased in electrical terms, involving voltage and current an...
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Rigorous equivalent networks are presented in catalog form for a large variety of planar acoustic interfaces between two media. Although these networks are phrased in electrical terms, involving voltage and current and lumped electrical elements, there is nothing electrical in them. The circuits are purely acoustic in content but electrical in form. These networks are consistent with the microwave network approach described in the companion paper [1], which views an overall structure in terms of uniform regions characterized by modal transmission lines and junction regions represented by lumped equivalent networks. The class of junction regions treated here, namely, planar interfaces between different isotropic media, is a very important one since such interfaces occur as basic constituents in many complicated structures which arise in applications as diverse as ultrasonic surface waves and seismology. In acoustics, a fairly involved coupling of waves can occur at these interfaces; in electromagnetics, by contrast, only simple effects arise and the description becomes trivial.
A greal deal of effort has recently been spent to develop numerical integration techniques suitable for the solution of stiff state equations. Instead of dealing with the integration method itself, a procedure for gra...
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A greal deal of effort has recently been spent to develop numerical integration techniques suitable for the solution of stiff state equations. Instead of dealing with the integration method itself, a procedure for gradually removing the stiffness of the state equations during the course of the solution is presented. This is accomplished by gradually discarding the state variables corresponding to the eigenvalues having the largest negative real part as their contribution becomes negligible. Since the reduction process is applied to the equations themselves, it can therefore be used to reinforce any numerical method of solution, particularly in those applications where adaptation of an implicit integration method is difficult.
Microstrip transmission lines used in microwave integrated circuits are dispersive. The dispersion of the lines is fully characterized by the frequency-dependent normalized phase velocity VP which is equal to the rati...
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Microstrip transmission lines used in microwave integrated circuits are dispersive. The dispersion of the lines is fully characterized by the frequency-dependent normalized phase velocity VP which is equal to the ratio of guide wavelength λ g to free-space wavelength λ 0 . An approximate equation is given for the normalized phase velocity VP and for the frequency-dependent line impedance Z for standard microstrip transmission lines. Comparison with available experimental data and computed data shows that the error of the approximation is less than 3 percent for microstrip transmission lines commonly used in engineering applications.
The problem of wave propagation on nonuniform transmission lines is studied. Equations are presented not only for the reflection coefficient but for the transmission and admittance properties as well. They are valid u...
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The problem of wave propagation on nonuniform transmission lines is studied. Equations are presented not only for the reflection coefficient but for the transmission and admittance properties as well. They are valid under the assumption that only one mode of propagation exists on the line and that the properties do not change so rapidly that the fundamental transmission line equations are no longer applicable. Since all equations are derived for arbitrary load conditions, an extremely versatile solution of the problem has been obtained.
For a general class of nonlinear networks, explicit expressions for sensitivities of a response due to nonlinear elements are derived. These expressions are used to establish invariance relationships for the sums of s...
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For a general class of nonlinear networks, explicit expressions for sensitivities of a response due to nonlinear elements are derived. These expressions are used to establish invariance relationships for the sums of sensitivities over different sets of parameters of two classes of nonlinear networks. It is indicated how these relationships can be used to establish the invariant nature of the sum of higher order sensitivities and a lower bound for the quadratic sensitivity index.
This paper describes techniques for analog computer simulation of coupled parallel transmission lines erected on the same right-of- way. A particular simulation is given consisting of one 500-kV and two 230-kV three-p...
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This paper describes techniques for analog computer simulation of coupled parallel transmission lines erected on the same right-of- way. A particular simulation is given consisting of one 500-kV and two 230-kV three-phase transmission lines interconnecting areas separated by 126 miles within the Florida Power Corporation network. Some typical results of a comprehensive line switching study are presented and discussed.
In this correspondence the relationship between type- L_parameter stability criterion for uniformly sampled and distributedparameter systems and the table form of stability of linear sampled-data systems is shown. A simple...
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In this correspondence the relationship between type- L_distributed stability criterion for uniformly sampled and distributedparameter systems and the table form of stability of linear sampled-data systems is shown. A simple necessary condition for physical realization of nonuniformly sampled and distributedparameter systems is presented.
The purpose of this short paper is to give an exact theory of quarter-wave coupled circulators with Chebyshev characteristics. The synthesis starts by replacing the lumped-element equivalent shunt resonator of the cir...
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The purpose of this short paper is to give an exact theory of quarter-wave coupled circulators with Chebyshev characteristics. The synthesis starts by replacing the lumped-element equivalent shunt resonator of the circulator by a distributed one that has the same susceptance slope parameter as the original circuit. In this way the overall network involves commensurate transmission lines only. The bandwidth over which the assumed form of the equivalent circuit applies is carefully discussed in terms of the two split frequencies of the magnetized junction. Tables for the required circulator parameters and transformer admittances for one and two transformer sections as a function of VSWR and bandwidth are included. The realizable solution for the latter arrangement is severely restricted by the equivalent circuit of the basic junction. Experimental results on an octave-band stripline circulator, with a two-section transformer, are also included.
To determine the capacitance between two rectangular parallel plates separated by a dielectric sheet, the charge distribution on the plates is formulated in terms of a Fredholm integral equation of the first kind. Thi...
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To determine the capacitance between two rectangular parallel plates separated by a dielectric sheet, the charge distribution on the plates is formulated in terms of a Fredholm integral equation of the first kind. This equation is solved numerically by a projective method using polynomial approximants. The resulting capacitance values are given in normalized graphical form, permitting capacitance determination for any practical values of dielectric constant and geometric parameters to within a few percent.
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