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Scalability and performance experiments using synthetic distributed server systems

distributed Systems Engineering 1996年第1期3卷 2-8页

作者： Woodside, C.M. Schramm, C. Deptartment of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Ont. K1S 5B6 Canada

The Layered System Generator is used to create synthetic distributed systems of tasks with client-server style (RPC) interactions, representing a wide range of software architectures and workload patterns. A synthetic task system can be used to generate network and workstation traffic which represents the load from a planned software system, so one can observe its probable performance when run on the target network, or its probable impact on other existing applications. It can be used to evaluate the planned software design, or the target network's capability, or both combined. Using LSG, tests were made with systems of up to 39 tasks on a UNIX network, to investigate the performance changes that occur when a small task system is scaled up in size. The performance recorded across the range of experiments was also compared with predictions made by an analytic performance model. The errors were found to be small provided an allowance is made for workstation daemons and similar load components. © 1996 The British Computer Society,.

关键词： Workstations allowance Software design distributed server Scalability Software systems Religious Missions Network SYNTHETICS LOAD server systems

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Active Authentication Protocol for IoV Environment with distributed servers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5789-5808页

作者： Saravanan Manikandan Mosiur Rahaman Yu-Lin Song Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichungTaiwan Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering Asia UniversityTaichungTaiwan

The Internet of Vehicles(IoV)has evolved as an advancement over the conventional Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANETs)in pursuing a more optimal intelligent transportation system that can provide various intelligent solutions and enable a variety of applications for vehicular *** volumes of data are produced and communicated wirelessly among the different relayed entities in these vehicular networks,which might entice adversaries and endanger the system with a wide range of security *** ensure the security of such a sensitive network,we proposed a distributed authentication mechanism for IoV based on blockchain technology as a distributed ledger with an ouroboros *** timestamp and challenge-responsemechanisms,the proposed authentication model can withstand several security attacks such asMan-in-Middle(MiM)attacks,distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)attacks,server spoofing attacks and *** proposed method also provides a solution for single-point failure,forward secrecy,revocability,*** exhibit the security of our proposed model by using formal(mathematical)analysis and informal *** used Random Oracle Model to perform themathematical *** addition,we compared the communication cost,computation cost,and security of the proposed model with the related existing *** have verified the security of the model by using AVISPA tool *** security analysis and computation analysis show that the proposed protocol is viable.

关键词： IoV message authentication random oracle model blockchain distributed server revocability

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GPS Based Service Provider server for Various Classified Domain Specific Information to the End Users at distributed Locations with Consistency 2

GPS Based Service Provider Server for Various Classified Dom...

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2nd International Conference on Computing, Communication, Control and Automation (ICCUBEA)

作者： Patil, Suryakant B. Zawar, Shubham Ashok Prachi, Sharma ADCET Ashta CSE Sangli MH India Sanjay Ghodawat Grp Inst Comp Sci & Engn Kolhapur Maharashtra India

ISBN: (纸本)9781509032914

in this paper we have proposed and proved the mechanism to reduce transmission delay. A client visits various areas for its various purpose, he may require different documents according to the desired work and the depending area of work. If a person is in Ichalkaranji he willrequire tahisil office documents in tahisil office area in Hatkanangle, thus when a client move towards Hatkanangle his GPS tracks his exact location or way towards the tahisil office. As the GPS tracks his location the desired documents of the tahisil office are down loaded on his proxy server of hatkanangle. It also assigns a TTL for which document is stored in the proxy server and is removed after the TTL completion. Now, If a person visits areas such as thetahisil office, Hatkanangle railway station, Janta bank Ichalkaranji where he may require pass book as well as identity proof such as voting card and election card, while vehicle papers as well as License where the clients request has two options as manual or automated. In manual it has an option of selecting type of vehicle such as a two wheel of four wheel. When chosen an option it has sub option of type of document it requires such as the License, pollution certificate, rc book etc. When selecting an automatic option the client gets documents down loaded automatically according to the area and earlier preferences. Now if the person lives in Kabnoor, it will be his base. All the documents will be stored at the base as all the documents are available to its base thus clients can request for documents to the base and it will make them available to its users from its siblings or base in no time, thus results in reduced latency and time required to download from the origin server. Thus 39.2% of transmission delay is reduced with the above proposed mechanism.

关键词： GPS distributed server Data Consistency

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Optimal information-dispersal for increasing the reliability of a distributed service

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY 1997年第4期46卷 462-472页

作者： Sun, HM Shieh, SP Chaoyang Univ Technol Dept Informat Management Taichung 413 Taiwan Natl Chiao Tung Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan

This paper investigates the (m,n) information dispersal scheme (IDS) used to support fault-tolerant distributed servers in a distributed system. In an (m, n)-IDS, a file M is broken into n pieces such that any m pieces collected suffice for reconstructing M. The reliability of an (m, n)-IDS is primarily determined by 3 important factors: n = information dispersal degree (IDD), n/m = information expansion ratio (IER), P-a = success-probability of acquiring a correct piece. It is difficult to determine the optimal IDS with the highest reliability from very many choices. Our analysis shows: several novel features of (m, n)-IDS which can help reduce the complexity of finding the optimal IDS with the highest reliability;that an IDS with a higher IER might not have a higher reliability, even when P-s-->1. Based on the theorems given herein, we have developed a method that reduces the complexity for computing the highest reliability from, O(v) [v = number of servers] to O(1) when the 'upper bound of the IER' = 1, or O(v(2)) to O(1) when the 'upper bound of the IER' > 1.

关键词： fault tolerance security threshold scheme distributed server data storage

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Efficient news video querying and browsing based on distributed news video servers

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2006年第2期8卷 257-269页

作者： Chen, CY Wang, JC Wang, JF Natl Cheng Kung Univ Dept Elect Engn Multimedia & Commun IC Design Lab Tainan 701 Taiwan

This study presents an efficient news video querying and browsing system based on distributed news video servers. The proposed architecture includes distributed news video preprocessing (NVP) server and visualized querying/browsing (VQB) server. The distributed NVP server receives the news video story from news video web (NVW) server and generates the story abstract, i.e., key frames and key sentences. These story abstract are then combined with the news script of a news story, then sent to the VQB server for news video querying and browsing. The VQB server performs semantic clustering using news script to categorize all the news video stories, it also provides a visualized interface displaying the story abstract so that users can fast grasp the main idea of a news story. The superiority of the proposed system has been demonstrated "sing news video obtained from NVW servers of EraNews, ETtoday and Formosa TV stations in Taiwan.

关键词： distributed server maximum difference measure news video querying/browsing semantic analysis

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Decentralized distributed Federated Learning Based on Multi-Key Homomorphic Encryption

Decentralized Distributed Federated Learning Based on Multi-...

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International Conference on Data Security and Privacy Protection (DSPP)

作者： Shang, Mengxue Zhang, Dandan Li, Fengyin Qufu Normal Univ Sch Comp Sci Rizhao Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303155

Federated learning is a distributed learning paradigm for machine learning that has been widely studied and applied to a variety of scenarios. Since federated learning relies on only one central server to receive model updates from all clients, it has extremely high network bandwidth requirements and risks of single point of failure and privacy leakage. In order to prevent data leakage, this paper proposes a local data aggregation scheme based on xMK-CKKS. To realize decentralized services, this paper proposes a global model aggregation scheme based on RingAllreduce. Further, a decentralized distributed federated learning scheme based on multi-key homomorphic encryption is proposed to realize decentralized hierarchical federated learning with privacy protection. The security analysis and performance analysis show that the scheme in this paper is more scalable to support larger scale federated learning scenarios while ensuring data security, and is more robust to k < N - 1 collusion between clients and distributed servers.

关键词： multi-key homomorphic encryption distributed server federated learning

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distributed oblivious load balancing using prioritized job replication

Distributed oblivious load balancing using prioritized job r...

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2012 8th International Conference on Network and Service Management, CNSM 2012

作者： Nahir, Amir Orda, Ariel Raz, Danny Department of Computer Science Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel Department of Electrical Engineering Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel

Load balancing in large distributed server systems is a complex optimization problem of critical importance in cloud systems and data centers. However, any full (i.e., optimal) solution incurs significant, often prohi... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9783901882494

关键词： Load balancing data center optimal solution distributed server server systems jobs Distribute Replication

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A load balancing scheme for massively multiplayer online games

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MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2009年第1-3期45卷 263-289页

作者： Benevides Bezerra, Carlos Eduardo Resin Geyer, Claudio Fernando Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil

In a distributed MMOG (massively multiplayer online game) server architecture, the server nodes may become easily overloaded by the high demand from the players for state updates. Many works propose algorithms to distribute the load on the server nodes, but this load is usually defined as the number of players on each server, what is not an ideal measure. Also, the possible heterogeneity of the system is frequently overlooked. We propose a balancing scheme with two main goals: allocate load on server nodes proportionally to each one's power and reduce the inter-server communication overhead, considering the load as the occupied bandwidth of each server. Four algorithms were proposed, from which ProGReGA is the best for overhead reduction and ProGReGA-KF is the most suited for reducing player migrations between servers. We also make a review of related works and some comparisons were made, where our approach performed better.

关键词： MMOGs Load balancing distributed server Graph partitioning

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A Novel Architecture Design for Traffic Engineering in Optical Network

A Novel Architecture Design for Traffic Engineering in Optic...

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1st International Workshop on Education Technology and Computer Science

作者： Zhang, Ning Bao, Hong Beijing Union Univ Inst Informat Technol Beijing Peoples R China Flinders Univ S Australia Fac Informat & Engn Adelaide SA Australia Beijing Union Univ Sch Informat Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769535579

Traffic engineering (TE) is an interesting application in IP-based networks. TE main objective is to optimize the performance of a network through an efficient utilization of network resources. We study a load balancing in optical networks based on measured link loads. As a result, WDM has become a technology of choice for meeting the tremendous bandwidth demand in the communications infrastructure. Optical networks employing WDM technology have been widely considered a promising network infrastructure for next-generation communications networks and optical Internet. We propose a novel and distributed server core optical network for load balance. The numerical simulation shows that the performance of new server core optical network is efficient.

关键词： optical networks traffic engineering load balance distributed server

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DIFTOS: A distributed Infrastructure-Free Traffic Optimization System Based on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks for Urban Environments

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SENSORS 2018年第8期18卷 2567-2567页

作者： Zhang, Weidong Aung, Nyothiri Dhelim, Sahraoui Ai, Yibo Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Natl Ctr Mat Serv Safety Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Sch Comp & Commun Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Aiming to alleviate traffic congestion, many congestion avoidance and traffic optimization systems have been proposed recently. However, most of them suffer from three main problems. Firstly scalability: they rely on a centralized server, which has to perform intensive communication and computational tasks. Secondly unpredictability: they use smartphones and other sensors to detect the congested roads and warn upcoming vehicles accordingly. In other words, they are used to solve the problem rather than avoiding it. Lastly, infrastructure dependency: they assume the presence of pre-installed infrastructures such as roadside unit (RSU) or cellular 3G/4G networks. Motivated by the above-mentioned reasons, in this paper, we proposed a fully distributed and infrastructure-less congestion avoidance and traffic optimization system for VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks) in urban environments named DIFTOS (distributed Infrastructure-Free Traffic Optimization System), in which the city map is divided into a hierarchy of servers. The vehicles that are located in the busy road intersections play the role of servers, thus DIFTOS does not rely on any centralized server and does not need internet connectivity or RSU or any kind of infrastructure. As far as we know, in the literature of congestion avoidance using VANET, DIFTOS is the first completely infrastructure-free congestion avoidance system. The effectiveness and scalability of DIFTOS have been proved by simulation under different traffic conditions.

关键词： congestion avoidance traffic optimization congestion avoidance VANET intelligent transportation systems ITS path planning distributed server

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