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14th International Conference on Parallel and distributed Computing Systems

作者： Ouyang, JS Sahai, A Machiraju, V HP Labs Serv Software Res Dept E Palo Alto CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)1880843390

Web based services, also termed E-services are either stand-alone or use other web services for performing their tasks. To conduct a business task, an e-service undertakes a conversation that spans across multiple e-services, which is often asynchronous and asymmetric. Within a conversation, the unit of business at each e-service is called a component transaction. The component transactions within a conversation form a conversational transaction. Each component transaction is autonomous and independent while it is relative to each other only in the context of a specific conversation. A committed transaction can be canceled if it is cancelable and its deadline is not due. In this paper, we argue that the traditional transaction semantics and mechanisms do not apply well in the e-service world, and propose a new approach to enabling transaction support on the Internet.

关键词： distributed transaction processing optimistic commit deadline transparent transaction compensation e-service Internet

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An atomic commit protocol for gigabit-networked distributed database systems

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE 2000年第9期46卷 809-833页

作者： Al-Houmaily, YJ Chrysanthis, PK Univ Pittsburgh Dept Comp Sci Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Inst Publ Adm Dept Comp Programs Riyadh 11141 Saudi Arabia

In the near future, different database sites will be interconnected via gigabit networks, forming a very powerful distributed database system. In such an environment, the propagation latency will be the dominant component of the overall communication cost while the migration of large amounts of data will not pose a problem. Furthermore, computer systems are expected to become even more reliable than today's systems with long mean time between failures and short mean time to repair. In this paper, we present implicit yes-vote (IYV), a one-phase atomic commit protocol, that exploits these new domain characteristics to minimize the cost of distributed transaction commitment. IYV eliminates the explicit voting phase of the two-phase commit protocol, hence reducing the number of sequential phases of message passing during normal processing. In the case of a participant's site failure, IYV supports the option of forward recovery by enabling partially executed transactions that are still active in the system to resume their execution when the failed participant is recovered. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： atomic commit protocols one-phase commit protocol distributed transaction processing high speed networks distributed systems

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STDL as a high-level interoperability concept for distributed transaction processing systems 4th

STDL as a high-level interoperability concept for Distribute...

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4th International Conference on Intelligence in Services and Networks (IS&N 97)

作者： Newcomer, E Vogler, H Kunkelmann, T Saheb, M Digital Equipment Corp Syst Engn Nashua NH 03062 USA Tech Univ Darmstadt ITO D-64283 Darmstadt Germany Ecole Natl Super Telecommun F-75634 Paris France INRIA Rocquencourt F-7831 Le Chesnay France

ISBN: (纸本)3540631356

The Structured transaction Definition Language (STDL) is a language-based programming interface to transactional protocols and runtime systems. STDL isolates within the language transaction processing features, allowing an implementation to hide underlying communications mechanisms, like TxRPC and CORBA/OTS, from the programmer. Because of its design centre in distributed processing, STDL already includes many features of object-oriented systems. Completing the transformation to an object-oriented language provides a migration path from procedure-oriented TP to object-oriented TP and simplifies the substitution of object-oriented communication managers. This paper describes how the concept of STDL is used in the ACTranS project for portability and interoperability of heterogeneous distributed transaction processing Systems, including the support of object-oriented TP systems.

关键词： distributed transaction processing STDL OTS X/Open DTP interoperability portability

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distributed transaction processing STANDARDS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

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COMPUTER STANDARDS & INTERFACES 1995年第4期17卷 363-373页

作者： CHEN, G UNIV QUEENSLAND CITR PTY LTDGEHRMANN LABSST LUCIAQLD 4072AUSTRALIA

The OSI Standards committee (ISO SC21 Working Group 8) has defined the distributed transaction processing standards that consist of a reference model, service definitions and protocol specifications. The reference model can be used for defining and building distributed transaction processing systems and applications. x/open is an industrial standards organisation that has defined a reference model for the OSI DTP. The purpose of this model is to provide industry with a functional decomposition that captures the functionality of the OSI DTP and that can be architected, designed and implemented. In addition to the reference model, x/open has also defined application program interfaces and system interfaces between the system components defined in the model. The interfaces provide a standard way for applications and resource management technology to work in a distributed transaction processing environment. In this paper, the OSI DTP concepts, model, services are introduced and their application to some other OSI technologies is discussed. Also, the x/open DTP reference model and its application program and system interfaces are discussed. Finally, the applications of the model and interfaces in building distributed applications are discussed.

关键词： distributed transaction processing X/OPEN RDA SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT

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DETERMINING THE NUMBER OF REMOTE SITES ACCESSED IN distributed transaction processing

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IEEE transactionS ON PARALLEL AND distributed SYSTEMS 1993年第1期4卷 99-103页

作者： THOMASIAN, A IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY USA

We characterize the number of remote accesses and the number of distinct remote sites accessed by global transactions in a distributed database environment. Both measures are important in determining the overhead of distributed transaction processing and are affected by the distribution of transaction size (number of distinct objects accessed by a transaction) and the distribution of remote accesses made by a transaction. Keeping the mean transaction size fixed, we show that in the case of some commonly used distributions for the number of remote accesses (e.g., the binomial and uniform distribution) variable size transactions access a fewer number of distinct remote sites on the average than fixed size transactions. Also for these and some other distributions (for the number of remote accesses) the mean number of remote accesses is independent of the distribution of transaction size, but this is not generally true. In cases when variable size transactions have a higher mean number of remote accesses than fixed size transactions, fixed size transactions still tend to access a larger number of remote sites than variable size transactions, but this is not always true when variable size transactions have a higher mean for the number of remote accesses than fixed size transactions.

关键词： COMMIT processing CONVEX ORDERING distributed transaction processing PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

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Large scale interoperability and distributed transaction processing

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Journal of Systems Integration 1993年第3-4期3卷 351-369页

作者： Mills, John A. Bellcore Piscataway 08854 NJ 444 Hoes Lane United States

This article integrates an interoperability architecture, the OSCATM architecture, and a distributed transaction processing protocol, the X/Open® distributed transaction processing model, into a unified model of ... 详细信息

This article integrates an interoperability architecture, the OSCA^TM architecture, and a distributed transaction processing protocol, the X/Open^® distributed transaction processing model, into a unified model of large scale interoperability and distributed transaction processing. Applications supporting different business operations are often deployed in heterogeneous environments in which applications are stand alone islands and operations are fragmented. But in order to have integrated operations, a loosely coupled system of autonomous applications is required often bound together via a distributed transaction processing protocol. This article describes a model for this configuration. It will propose that the span of control of a transaction manager defines the transaction environment for a single application. Any two applications need not conform to the same supplier's transaction environment nor reside in the same environment. Interoperability must be provided among applications, since any one application cannot assume that any other application is under the control of the same transaction manager. Requirements are imposed upon the interactions of applications to support interoperability. The interface between transaction managers must be compatible with these requirements. Other distributed architecture standards must define the requirements for release independence, resource independence, accessibility transparency, location transparency, contract interfaces, and secure environment. © 1993 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

关键词： distributed transaction processing interoperability OSCA architecture systems integration

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distributed DATABASE-SYSTEMS - WHERE ARE WE NOW

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COMPUTER 1991年第8期24卷 68-78页

作者： OZSU, MT VALDURIEZ, P GTE LABS INC WALTHAMMA 02254 INST NATL RECH INFORMAT & AUTOMAT F-78153 LE CHESNAYFRANCE

The authors explain what is meant by a distributed database system and discuss its characteristics. They survey the state of distributed database technology, focusing on how well products meet the goals of transparent management of distributed and replicated data, reliability through distributed transactions, better performance, and easier, more economical system expansion. They then consider unsolved problems with regard to network scaling, distribution design, distributed query processing, distributed transaction processing, integration with distributed operating systems, and distributed multidatabase systems

关键词： distributed database system distributed databases distributed multidatabase systems distributed operating systems distributed query processing distributed transaction processing distribution design network operating systems network scaling query languages replicated data transaction processing

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APPLICATION PROFILE FOR ISDN

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 1991年第2期79卷 199-204页

作者： WAKID, SA ROBERTS, K Nat. Ind. of Stand. & Technol. Gaithersburg MD

This paper emphasizes some key data processing applications to be used in conjunction with the voice and facsimile services as a platform for deploying ISDN in North America. Special emphasis is placed on the emerging standards of both Accredited Standards Committees (ASC) T1 and X3 in an attempt to harmonize the computer and telecommunication industries towards providing the user with an integrated platform that is vendor transparent and ubiquitous. This generic platform, which spans a large spector of businesses, is only presented as a base context for defining user specific needs and incubating the applications that directly relate to businesses. distributed transaction processing, Electronic Data Interchange, Information Retrieval, Electronic Mail, and File Transfer together with seven supplementary services for voice and G4 facsimile are proposed for ISDN deployment in the marketplace. This paper, therefore, describes how the relevant standards may be exercised via the various ISDN channels and emphasizes the value of the North American ISDN Users' Forum for commercializing this platform.

关键词： Accredited Standards Committees G4 facsimile ISDN ISDN North America data processing applications distributed transaction processing electronic data interchange electronic data interchange electronic mail electronic mail facsimile facsimile file transfer information retrieval integrated platform user-specific needs vendor-transparent voice voice communication

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COMMUNICATION IN THE RAID distributed DATABASE SYSTEM

COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS

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COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS 1991年第2期21卷 81-92页

作者： BHARGAVA, B MAFLA, E RIEDL, J PURDUE UNIV DEPT COMP SCIW LAFAYETTEIN 47907

This paper identified the basic services required from a communication subsystem to support a distributed, reliable, reconfigurable, and replicated database environment. These services include multicasting, remote procedure calls (RPC), inexpensive data-gram services, and efficient local interprocess communication (IPC). Data are included from experiments that measure communication performance in four areas: (i) layered implementations of communication protocols, (ii) local interprocess communication methods, (iii) multicasting, and (iv) commitment processing. We have used the results of those experimental studies to design and implement a new communication facility. It features an unobtrusive IPC paradigm and a transaction-oriented multicasting mechanism.

关键词： distributed transaction processing DATABASE SYSTEMS LOCAL INTERPROCESS COMMUNICATION MULTICASTING

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A FLEXIBLE 2-PHASE COMMIT PROTOCOL

COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS

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COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS 1989年第3期17卷 175-185页

作者： BURGER, U MBP SOFTWARE & SYST GMBH DISTRIBUTED DATA PROCST DPD-4600 DORTMUND 1FED REP GER

Even though the two-phase commit protocol is a well-known protocol terminating transactions (atomic actions) in a general distributed environment, nearly all descriptions of the protocol refer to special instances of communication, mostly to distributed databases, and therefore cover only a small range of the possible forms of the protocol. In this paper a flexible two-phase commit protocol for distributed transaction processing trees is presented that permits a free choice of the commit-coordinator and independently a free choice of one or more commit-initiators. The protocol is designed to allow each node of the tree to initiate termination of the transaction based on its own termination conditions and without regard for a hierarchy, but to maintain the essentials of a central site two-phase commit. Since the protocol permits a wide variety of different termination strategies, exceptional techniques such as “nested two-phase commit”, “last agent optimisation” and “inverted tree” can be regarded as specialisations of this protocol. Such techniques are under discussion within the international standardisation organisation ISO as extensions to the rather restrictive commit protocol currently used in the OSI transaction processing standardisation project.

关键词： distributed Termination Problem distributed transaction processing OSI transaction processing Termination-Strategy Two-Phase Commit Protocols

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