This article presents a new multiplication algorithm based on the Collatz function. Assuming the validity of the Collatz conjecture, the time complexity of multiplying two n-digit numbers is O(kn), where the k is the ...
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This article presents a new multiplication algorithm based on the Collatz function. Assuming the validity of the Collatz conjecture, the time complexity of multiplying two n-digit numbers is O(kn), where the k is the number of odd steps in the Collatz trajectory of the first multiplicand. Most likely, the algorithm is only of theoretical interest.
The notion of generalized power function in the space of real symmetric matrices is used to introduce a kind of extended matrix-variate beta function. With the aid of this, we define a different versions of extended m...
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The notion of generalized power function in the space of real symmetric matrices is used to introduce a kind of extended matrix-variate beta function. With the aid of this, we define a different versions of extended matrix-variate beta distributions. Some fundamental properties of these distributions are established. We show that using a linear transformation on the extended matrix-variate beta distributions of the first and second kind, we can generalize these distributions. We also show that the distribution of the sum of two independent inverse Riesz matrices introduced by Tounsi and Zine (J Multivar Anal 111:174-182, 2012) can be written in terms of the generalized extended matrix-variate beta function. Finally, using Fixed point iterative method, we provide a calculable maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator for the unknown covariance matrix of a multivariate normal distribution based on the class of the extended matrix-variate beta prior distribution. Additionally, we evaluated the Gaussian finite sample performance by calculating such evaluation criteria as Mean Square Error (MSE) and Hilbert-Schmidt distance (DHS). The obtained results confirm the performance of the proposed prior.
In this paper,we prove that Euclid's algorithm,Bezout's equation and Divi-sion algorithm are equivalent to each *** result shows that Euclid has preliminarily established the theory of divisibility and the gre...
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In this paper,we prove that Euclid's algorithm,Bezout's equation and Divi-sion algorithm are equivalent to each *** result shows that Euclid has preliminarily established the theory of divisibility and the greatest common *** further provided several suggestions for teaching.
In his youth, John Reynolds showed a talent for arithmetic and was destined for a career as a mathematician at the Tower Mint in London. He became skilled in the algorithms needed to determine the correct relationship...
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In his youth, John Reynolds showed a talent for arithmetic and was destined for a career as a mathematician at the Tower Mint in London. He became skilled in the algorithms needed to determine the correct relationship between the weight and purity of coins and their values. This was a matter of national importance, and his work came to the attention of King James I, who reigned from 1603 to 1625, and his chief ministers, including Robert Cecil and Francis Bacon. It seemed that John might attain high office himself, but the murky administration of the early Stuart period cast its shadow over his career. Nevertheless, for the next forty years he continued to play a major part in the nation's affairs. He produced books of tables for the valuation of coins in the commercial world, and for the highly technical work of the assayers. Also, he was actively involved in the production of standard measures and instruments used by the excise officers. His life and works illustrate how mathematical ideas were employed by the English government in the period of the early Stuart kings and the Commonwealth. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Quick response (QR) codes have been widely used in applications, such as data storage and high-speed machine reading. Anyone can gain access to the information stored in QR codes;therefore, they are unsuitable for enc...
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Quick response (QR) codes have been widely used in applications, such as data storage and high-speed machine reading. Anyone can gain access to the information stored in QR codes;therefore, they are unsuitable for encoding secret information without the addition of cryptography or other protection. In this paper, we propose a visual secret sharing scheme to encode a secret QR code into several shares. In contrast with other techniques, the shares in our scheme are valid QR codes that can be decoded with some specific meaning by a standard QR code reader, thereby avoiding raising suspicion in potential attackers. Moreover, the secret message is recovered by XOR-ing the qualified shares, an operation that can easily be performed using smartphones or other QR scanning devices. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme is both feasible and reasonably secure. Our scheme's high sharing efficiency is also highlighted in this paper.
Previously many works regarding addition and subtraction of two integers are done in CVT-XOR paradigm. It has been also seen that performance using Cellular automata machine (CAM) for addition and subtraction in CVT a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509015603
Previously many works regarding addition and subtraction of two integers are done in CVT-XOR paradigm. It has been also seen that performance using Cellular automata machine (CAM) for addition and subtraction in CVT and XOR paradigm is much faster. In this current study, we mainly focus to handle the division algorithm and associated complexity in this paradigm. We also proposed a block diagram model of division algorithm which could be very much helpful for VLSI implementation on using recursive CAM.
In QSAR/QSPR modeling, the indispensable way to validate the predictability of a model is to perform its statistical external validation. It is common that a division algorithm should be used to select training sets f...
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In QSAR/QSPR modeling, the indispensable way to validate the predictability of a model is to perform its statistical external validation. It is common that a division algorithm should be used to select training sets from chemical compound libraries or collections prior to external validations. In this study, a division method based on the posterior variante of leave-one-out cross-validation (PVLOO) of the Gaussian process (GP) has been developed with the goal of producing more predictive models. Four structurally diverse data sets of good quality are collected from the literature and then redeveloped and validated on the basis of training set selection methods, namely, four kinds of PVLOO-based training set selection methods with three types of covariance functions (squared exponential, rational quadratic, and neural network covariance functions), the Kennard Stone algorithm, and random division. The root mean squared error (RMSE) of external validation reported for each model serves as a basis for the final comparison. The results of this study indicate that the training sets with higher values of PVLOO have statistically better external predictability than the training sets generated from other division methods discussed here. These findings could be explained by proposing that the PVLOO value of GP could indicate the mechanism diversity of a specific compound in QSAR/QSPR data sets.
The Riesz distributions on positive definite symmetric matrices are used to introduce a class of Dirichlet-Riesz distributions. In addition, several distributional properties are stated. Essentially, we show the relat...
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The Riesz distributions on positive definite symmetric matrices are used to introduce a class of Dirichlet-Riesz distributions. In addition, several distributional properties are stated. Essentially, we show the relationship between the Dirichlet-Riesz distributions of the first kind and the second kind, respectively. We derive Wilks' factorization of the matrix-variate Dirichlet-Riesz. Further, several results on the product of Riesz and beta-Riesz matrices with a set of Dirichlet-Riesz matrices of the first kind have been derived.
The Riesz probability distribution on any symmetric cone and, in particular, on the cone of positive definite symmetric matrices represents an important generalization of the Wishart and of the matrix gamma distributi...
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The Riesz probability distribution on any symmetric cone and, in particular, on the cone of positive definite symmetric matrices represents an important generalization of the Wishart and of the matrix gamma distributions containing them as particular examples. The present paper is a continuation of the investigation of the properties of this probability distribution. We first establish a property of invariance of this probability distributions by a subgroup of the orthogonal group. We then show that the Pierce components of a Riesz random variable are independent, and we determine their probability distributions. Some moments and some useful expectations related to the Riesz probability distribution are also calculated. Copyright (C) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reasonably dividing restoration subsystems is an essential step for speeding up the restoration procedure with the widely employed bottom-up restoration strategy. A new method based on the community structure of the c...
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Reasonably dividing restoration subsystems is an essential step for speeding up the restoration procedure with the widely employed bottom-up restoration strategy. A new method based on the community structure of the complex network theory is presented for dividing restoration subsystems in this work. The locations of black-start units and the characteristics of power systems are taken into account in the developed method. The restoration subsystems are determined by removing the lines with the maximal 'betweenness' repeatedly, and the rationality of the division results is evaluated by using a modularity index. An interconnection strategy for the restoration subsystems thus obtained is proposed by following the sequence that each restoration subsystem is separated from the power network concerned in the divisive process. The essential features of the proposed method are illustrated by case studies of the well-known New England test system and the Guangzhou actual power system in China.
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