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12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

作者： Murray, Kyle I. Univ Rochester Dept Comp Sci Rochester NY 14627 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605588810

Assistive technologies are often only adapted to emerging web technologies after they are common enough to generate demand for relevant assistive technology. This paper proposes a general approach to speed up and simplify the process of making assistive technologies compatible with innovation on the web by providing hooks to the browser's standard document object model that expose the capabilities of a new technology. In this paper, we will illustrate the utility of this model by applying it to Adobe Flash content, which, despite years of attempts to produce more accessible content, remains woefully inaccessible. We show how this approach enables screen readers that would normally not have permission to read Flash content to access this content, and how it can enable interactivity with Flash content in a modern browser.

关键词： Accessibility assistive technology Flash screen reader document object model

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Browser Fuzzing by Scheduled Mutation and Generation of document object models 49

Browser Fuzzing by Scheduled Mutation and Generation of Docu...

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49th Annual International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)

作者： Lin, Ying-Dar Liao, Feng-Ze Huang, Shih-Kun Lai, Yuan-Cheng Natl Chiao Tung Univ Dept Comp Sci Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol Dept Informat Management Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479986910

Internet applications have made our daily life fruitful. However, they also cause many security problems if these applications are leveraged by intruders. Thus, it is important to find and fix vulnerabilities timely to prevent application vulnerabilities from being exploited. Fuzz testing is a popular methodology that effectively finds vulnerabilities in application programs with seed input mutation. However, it is not a satisfied solution for the web browsers. In this work, we propose a solution, called scheduled DOM fuzzing (SDF), which integrates several related browser fuzzing tools and the fuzzing framework called BFF. To explore more crash possibilities, we revise the browser fuzzing architecture and schedule seed input selection and mutation dynamically. We also propose two probability computing methods in scheduling mechanism which tries to improve the performance by determining which combinations of seed and mutation would produce more crashes. Our experiments show that SDF is 2.27 time more efficient in terms of the number of crashes and vulnerabilities found at most. SDF also has the capacity for finding 23 exploitable crashes in Windows 7 within five days. The experimental results reveals that a good scheduling method for seed and mutations in browser fuzzing is able to find more exploitable crashes than fuzzers with the fixed seed input.

关键词： browser fuzzing black-box fuzzing vulnerabilities exploits mutation scheduling document object model DOM

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Converting relational database into XML documents with DOM

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INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2003年第6期45卷 335-355页

作者： Fong, J Wong, HK Cheng, Z City Univ Hong Kong Dept Comp Sci Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Dept Elect Engn Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China

The revolution of XML is recognized as the trend of technology on the Internet to researchers as well as practitioners. Companies need to adopt XML technology. With investment in the current relational database systems, they want to develop new XML documents while running existing relational databases on production. They need to reengineer the relational databases into XML documents with constraints preservation. In the process, schema translation must be done before data conversion. Since the existing relational databases are usually normalized, they have to be reconstructed into XML document tree structures. This can be accomplished through denormalization by joining the normalized relations into tables according to their data dependencies constraints. The joined tables are mapped into DOMs, which are then integrated into XML document trees. The user specifies an XML document root with its relevant nodes to form a partitioned XML document tree to meet their requirements. The selected XML document tree is mapped into an XML schema in the form of DTD. We then load joined tables into DOMs, integrate them into a DOM, and transform it into an XML document. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： XML document denormalization relational database schema translation data conversion data dependencies document object model document type definition

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Secure SOAP-based web services

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COMPUTER SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2003年第1期18卷 27-33页

作者： Komathy, K Vivekanandan, P Ramachandran, V Anna Univ Ctr Profess Dev Educ Madras 600025 Tamil Nadu India Anna Univ Sch Math Madras 600025 Tamil Nadu India Anna Univ Sch Engn & Comp Sci Madras 600025 Tamil Nadu India

The objective of this paper is to emphasize the need for in effective Security model and its implementation for distributed applications. This paper considers web services connected through Simple object Access Protocol (SOAP) based communication network. SOAP protocol does not include the security of the web transactions it carries and so it is the responsibility of any application to take care of the safety of its critical data being transmitted. The adaptive nature of the proposed security model not only considers the protection of an entire web transaction, but also customizes the safety of any fragment of the transaction. Confidentiality of information is achieved through Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) mechanism whereas authenticity of the user and data integrity is verified using the digital signature embedded as part of the SOAP document. The authorization of the clients is also checked based on the security policy adopted by the application. This paper attempts to find a possible and an alternate mechanism to Secure Socket Layer (SSL) in the case of distributed services. This security model is tested and implemented on a distributed medical application.

关键词： Simple object Access Protocol advanced encryption standard document object model encryption digital signature extensible markup language

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An Efficient Mechanism for Product Data Extraction from E-Commerce Websites

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第12期65卷 2639-2663页

作者： Malik Javed Akhtar Zahur Ahmad Rashid Amin Sultan H.Almotiri Mohammed A.Al Ghamdi Hamza Aldabbas University of Engineering and Technology TaxilaPakistan Computer Science Department Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah CitySaudi Arabia Al-Balqa Applied University Al-SaltJordan

A large amount of data is present on the web which can be used for useful purposes like a product recommendation,price comparison and demand forecasting for a particular *** are designed for human understanding and not for ***,to make data machine-readable,it requires techniques to grab data from web *** have addressed the problem using two approaches,i.e.,knowledge engineering and machine *** of the art knowledge engineering approaches use the structure of documents,visual cues,clustering of attributes of data records and text processing techniques to identify data records on a web *** learning approaches use annotated pages to learn *** rules are used to extract data from unseen web *** structure of web documents is continuously ***,new techniques are needed to handle the emerging requirements of web data *** this paper,we have presented a novel,simple and efficient technique to extract data from web pages using visual styles and structure of *** proposed technique detects Rich Data Region(RDR)using query and correlative words of the *** is then divided into data records using style *** elements are removed using a Common Tag Sequence(CTS)and formatting *** system is implemented using JAVA and runs on the dataset of real-world working *** effectiveness of results is evaluated using precision,recall,and F-measure and compared with five existing systems.A comparison of the proposed technique to existing systems has shown encouraging results.

关键词： document object model rich data region common tag sequence web data extraction deep web mining

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Protected Web Components: Hiding Sensitive Information in the Shadows

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IT PROFESSIONAL 2015年第1期17卷 36-43页

作者： De Ryck, Philippe Nikiforakis, Nick Desmet, Lieven Piessens, Frank Joosen, Wouter Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Comp Sci Louvain Belgium SUNY Stony Brook Dept Comp Sci Stony Brook NY USA Katholieke Univ Leuven IMinds DistriNet Res Grp Louvain Belgium

Third-party code inclusion is rampant, potentially exposing sensitive data to attackers. Protected Web components can keep private data safe from opportunistic attacks by hiding static data in the document object Mode... 详细信息

关键词： Internet data encapsulation data privacy document handling DOM document object model IT security Web applications Web component protection attack vector code integration data-gathering attacks opportunistic attacks page security context privacy-sensitive applications sensitive information hiding sensitive interactive element isloation static data hiding third-party code inclusion Browsers Computer Security Context modeling Data models Google HTML Information technology Web services Internet/Web technologies Web components information technology privacy sandboxing script inclusion security shadow DOM

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An XML-based language for the Research & Development pipeline management problem

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COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2003年第10期27卷 1361-1379页

作者： Varma, VA Pekny, JF Reklaitis, GV Subramanian, D Purdue Univ Sch Chem Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Honeywell Automat & Control Solut Adv Applicat Lab Minneapolis MN 55418 USA

Process management frameworks, such as Sim-Opt [AIChE J. 10 (2001) 2226], which addresses the Research & Development (R&D) pipeline management problem with mathematical programming and discrete-event simulation give rise to formulations that are extremely data-intensive and have complex hierarchical data-requirements. This necessitates a data model that can be used to model any given problem instance in the form of a structured input language. Further, the language requires a parser that reads and interprets any input instance in order to capture the input data in memory and allow the formulation and solution of the corresponding optimization and simulation models. In the past, structured documentation languages have been designed for this purpose. However, such customized languages often lead to a strong coupling between the language definition and the parser implementation. Any redefinition or extension of the language to accommodate changes in the problem scope and/or optimization/simulation formulations would imply a customized extension of the parser, thus leading to software engineering difficulties. One solution to the above difficulties is provided by the Extensible Markup Language (XML) technology, a recent advance in software technology that enables extensibility and data abstraction and provides efficient data structuring parsers and object orientation. XML imposes the requirement of specifying data in an inherently hierarchical structure and provides generic parsers that do not require any re-design upon language extensions or redefinitions. This paper describes an XML-based language that has been developed for the R&D pipeline management problem, with the keywords, structural syntax, and data content models for representing all aspects of the problem. It also discusses the practical issue of effectively accessing data that gets stored in the document object model (DOM) upon parsing, by designing a set of problem definition classes (PDC), which organize

关键词： XML modeling language document object model problem definition class Sim-Opt

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A Novel Web Scraping Approach Using the Additional Information Obtained From Web Pages

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 61726-61740页

作者： Uzun, Erdinc Tekirdag Namik Kemal Univ Corlu Fac Engn Dept Comp Engn TR-59860 Tekirdag Turkey

Web scraping is a process of extracting valuable and interesting text information from web pages. Most of the current studies targeting this task are mostly about automated web data extraction. In the extraction process, these studies first create a DOM tree and then access the necessary data through this tree. The construction process of this tree increases the time cost depending on the data structure of the DOM Tree. In the current web scraping literature, it is observed that time efficiency is ignored. This study proposes a novel approach, namely UzunExt, which extracts content quickly using the string methods and additional information without creating a DOM Tree. The string methods consist of the following consecutive steps: searching for a given pattern, then calculating the number of closing HTML elements for this pattern, and finally extracting content for the pattern. In the crawling process, our approach collects the additional information, including the starting position for enhancing the searching process, the number of inner tag for improving the extraction process, and tag repetition for terminating the extraction process. The string methods of this novel approach are about 60 times faster than extracting with the DOM-based method. Moreover, using these additional information improves extraction time by 2.35 times compared to using only the string methods. Furthermore, this approach can easily be adapted to other DOM-based studies/parsers in this task to enhance their time efficiencies.

关键词： Computational efficiency algorithm design and analysis web crawling and scraping document object model

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StarDOM: From STAR format to XML

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JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 1999年第2期15卷 169-172页

作者： Linge, JP Nilges, M Ehrlich, L European Mol Biol Lab D-69012 Heidelberg Germany

StarDOM is a software package for the representation of STAR files as document object models and the conversion of STAR files into XML. This allows interactive navigation by using the document object model representation of the data as well as easy access by XML query languages. As an example application, the entire BioMagResBank has been transformed into XML format. Using an XML query language, statistical queries on the collected NMR data sets can be constructed with very little effort. The BioMagResBank/XML data and the software can be obtained at http://***/nmr/StarDOM/.

关键词： BioMagResBank document object model mmCIF STAR XML

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V-DOM and P-XML - towards a valid programming of XML-based applications

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INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2002年第4期44卷 229-236页

作者： Kempa, M Linnemann, V Med Univ Lubeck Inst Informat Syst D-23562 Lubeck Germany

Many WWW applications generate hypertext markup language or extensible markup language (XML) documents dynamically. Current tools, however, like languages using document object model (DOM) or JAVA Server Pages do not allow to check the validity of the generated documents statically. Instead, validity has to be 'checked' dynamically by appropriate test runs. This paper addresses this problem by introducing a new distinct class for each element type of a document type definition (DTD). Each class extends the Element-class of the DOM. The resulting object model is called validating DOM (V-DOM). Parametric XML (P-XML) is an extension of XML allowing to insert values of the newly defined classes in places, where the corresponding element types are allowed according to the underlying DTD. Like V-DOM, P-XML guarantees the validity of all XML documents generated by using P-XML. V-DOM and P-XML are illustrated by several examples. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： extensible markup language document object model validating document object model parametric extensible markup language

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