Most of the traditional tracking algorithms use the Kalman filter to predict the tracking process. Although the tracking accuracy is relatively high, the calculation is large and the time complexity is high. Based on ...
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Most of the traditional tracking algorithms use the Kalman filter to predict the tracking process. Although the tracking accuracy is relatively high, the calculation is large and the time complexity is high. Based on this research, this paper proposes a dynamicclustering target tracking algorithm for motion trends. The algorithm forms a dynamic cluster in the network, and the cluster head dynamically schedules the nodes to achieve collaborative tracking of the targets. The tracking strategy is mainly divided into two stages: First, the cluster head establishes a "neighbor node set" within its communication range, and selects the neighbor node in the "neighbor node set" according to the distance between the node and the target to construct the "intra-cluster member set" to perform the target on the target. Tracking;as the target moves continuously, the cluster head updates the members in the cluster at regular intervals, removes the nodes that have lost the target monitoring from the cluster, and adds the new nodes to the cluster;secondly, elects a new cluster head;if current When the cluster head is no longer suitable to continue to serve as the cluster head, the current cluster head selects the node in the "intra-cluster member set" as the new cluster head of the next work cycle;according to the moving direction of the target, selects the node with the best moving tendency of the target For the new cluster head, this allows the new cluster head to have a longer duty cycle and avoid frequent replacement of the cluster head;the new cluster head continues to set up the dynamic cluster to track the target until the target moves out of the monitoring area. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is more efficient than the traditional target tracking method.
The Ultra-Dense Network (UDN) system is considered as a promising technology in the future wireless communication. Different from the existing heterogeneous network, UDN has a smaller cell radius and a new network str...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319729985;9783319729978
The Ultra-Dense Network (UDN) system is considered as a promising technology in the future wireless communication. Different from the existing heterogeneous network, UDN has a smaller cell radius and a new network structure. The core concept of UDN is to deploy the Low Power Base Stations (LPBSs). With denser cells, the interference scenario is even severer in UDN than Long Term Evolution (LTE) heterogeneous network. clustering cooperation should reduce interference among the cells. In this paper, we firstly derive the total uplink capacity of the whole system. Then we present a novel dynamic clustering algorithm. The objective of this algorithm for densely deployed small cell network is to make a better tradeoff between the system performance and complexity, while overcome the inter-Mobile Station (MS) interference. Simulation results show that our approach yields significant capacity gains when compared with some proposed clusteringalgorithms.
We propose a dynamic clustering algorithm for maximizing a coordination gain in the uplink coordinated system. The dynamic clustering algorithm configures clusters periodically to adopt the change of the channel envir...
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We propose a dynamic clustering algorithm for maximizing a coordination gain in the uplink coordinated system. The dynamic clustering algorithm configures clusters periodically to adopt the change of the channel environment. Since the greedy-search clusteringalgorithm does not guarantee cell-edge users' performance and the full-search clusteringalgorithm (FSCA) is highly complex, we define a coordination gain between the coordinated communication system and the single-cell communication system, as a new parameter, to maximize the benefit of the coordinated communication system. We develop a maximum coordination gain (MAX-CG) clusteringalgorithm to maximize the coordination gain and an interference weight (IW) clusteringalgorithm to reduce complexity and guarantee the data rate of cell-edge users. Simulation results show that the MAX-CG clusteringalgorithm improves the average user rate and the 5% edge user rate. The IW clusteringalgorithm improves the 5% edge user's rate, guarantees the fairness among the cells, and reduces the complexity to only half of the existing algorithm.
algorithms in the Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) family adapt to structural changes in data as new information presents, making it an exciting candidate for dynamic online clustering of big health data. Its use howev...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479945184
algorithms in the Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) family adapt to structural changes in data as new information presents, making it an exciting candidate for dynamic online clustering of big health data. Its use however has largely been restricted to the signal processing field. In this paper we introduce an refinement of the ART2-A method within an adapted separation and concordance (SeCo) framework which has been shown to identify stable and reproducible solutions from repeated initialisations that also provides evidence for an appropriate number of initial clusters that best calibrates the algorithm with the data presented. The results show stable, reproducible solutions for a mix of real-world heath related datasets and well known benchmark datasets, selecting solutions which better represent the underlying structure of the data than using a single measure of separation. The scalability of the method and it's facility for dynamic online clustering makes it suitable for finding structure in big data.
The integration of wireless power transfer (WPT) provides a promising solution to address energy limitations in IoT, 5G, and 6G applications. Despite extensive efforts, distributing multiple wireless charging vehicles...
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The integration of wireless power transfer (WPT) provides a promising solution to address energy limitations in IoT, 5G, and 6G applications. Despite extensive efforts, distributing multiple wireless charging vehicles (WCVs) and scheduling their charging for efficient energy replenishment in wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs) remains a considerable challenge, leaving a gap in achieving optimal solutions. This article addresses these challenges by formulating the charging scheduling problem in WRSNs, which utilizes multiple WCVs as a multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. We propose a solution that involves two primary steps: 1) a dynamic clustering algorithm is used to partition the deployment area into subareas. After network initialization, the base station (BS) collects sensor nodes in a charging queue. Then, a computation occurs to calculate the total energy required for all sensor nodes in the queue. After the computation, the BS determines the number of clusters based on the available WCVs;and 2) each cluster utilizes an MCDM approach through a fuzzy inference system (FIS) to prioritize nodes for recharging based on multiple network attributes, including remaining energy (RE), distance to the WCV, consumption rate (CR), node density (ND), and time request (TR). The FIS helps identify the sensor node that most requires charging. Our simulation shows that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques in increasing the survival rate (SR), reducing the number of dead nodes, and enhancing the energy utilization efficiency.
dynamic channel clustering and modeling have recently attracted much interest. Extensive channel measurements have shown that multipath components (MPCs) generally exist as clusters. Therefore, an accurate clustering ...
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dynamic channel clustering and modeling have recently attracted much interest. Extensive channel measurements have shown that multipath components (MPCs) generally exist as clusters. Therefore, an accurate clusteringalgorithm is required to model the time-varying channels. However, the dynamic behaviors of MPCs have not been well considered in the existing algorithms. In this paper, we present a new metric for MPCs' clustering in time-variant channels, which considers MPC's evolution in time domain and clusters MPCs based on the fluctuation and multi-dimension distance of MPC's trajectories. The performance of the new metric is verified by comparing measurements and simulations. It is found that the proposed algorithm using the new metric can well recognize the dynamic behaviors of MPCs and identify time-varying clusters accurately.
Previous work in the literature on regional economic integration has proposed the use of machine learning algorithms to evaluate the composition of customs unions, specifically, to estimate the degree to which customs...
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Previous work in the literature on regional economic integration has proposed the use of machine learning algorithms to evaluate the composition of customs unions, specifically, to estimate the degree to which customs unions match "natural markets" arising from trade flow data or appear to be driven by other factors such as political considerations. This paper expands upon the static approaches used in previous studies to develop a dynamic framework that allows to evaluate not only the composition of customs unions at a given point in time, but also changes in the composition over time resulting from accessions of new member states. We then apply the dynamicalgorithm to evaluate the evolution of the global landscape of customs unions using data on bilateral trade flows of 200 countries from 1958 to 2018. A key finding is that there is considerable variation across different accession rounds of the European Union as to the extent to which these are aligned with the structure of "natural markets," with some accession rounds following more strongly a commercial logic than others. Similar results are also found for other customs unions in the world, complementing the insights obtained from static analyses.
As the most influential factor of the cryosphere, snow is the weathervane of climate change. Real-time and accurate snow monitoring data play an important role in climate-change indication, water resource management, ...
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As the most influential factor of the cryosphere, snow is the weathervane of climate change. Real-time and accurate snow monitoring data play an important role in climate-change indication, water resource management, disaster prevention, and mitigation. As traditional snow monitoring cannot meet the current requirements, since 2007, the signal-to-noise ratio data has been used for snow-depth inversion. The accuracy of the long time-series global navigation satellite system interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) is not high, although it is significantly better compared to the previous methods. When the ground is covered by shallow snow or there is no snow, the snow-depth inversion is affected by the vegetation and snow layer, lowering the reliability of the Lomb-Scargle spectrum (LSP) analysis, and reducing the snow-depth inversion accuracy. To address the instability of the LSP results, in this study, the dynamic clustering algorithm is used for screening the PSD of the LSP results, and the influence of the signal penetration is eliminated. The average peak of the frequency based on multi-satellite LSP is obtained, and finally, the Grubbs criterion is utilized for improving the reliability of the results. The data of the Altay GNSS snow monitoring station at Altay in Xinjiang and the plate boundary observation SG27 and P351 sites are used as the research data, and a representative time period for the snow depth is selected. The inversion snow depth of the traditional GNSS-IR method are compared with those of the improved GNSS-IR. The experimental results demonstrate that improved GNSS-IR results had better match with the measured snow depth.
Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have been the recent advancements and attracting more academicians and industrialists for their seamless connectivity to the internet. Radio resource is one among the prime resources in w...
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Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) have been the recent advancements and attracting more academicians and industrialists for their seamless connectivity to the internet. Radio resource is one among the prime resources in wireless networks, which is expected to use in an efficient way especially when the mobile nodes are on move. However, providing guaranteed quality of service to the mobile nodes in the network is a challenging issue. To accomplish this, we propose 2 clusteringalgorithms, namely, static clusteringalgorithm for WMNs and dynamic clustering algorithm for WMNs. In these algorithms, we propose a new weight-based cluster head and cluster member selection process for the formation of clusters. The weight of the nodes in WMN is computed considering the parameters include the bandwidth of the node, the degree of node connectivity, and node cooperation factor. Further, we also propose enhanced quality of service enabled routing protocol for WMNs considering the delay, bandwidth, hopcount, and expected transmission count are the routing metrics. The performance of the proposed clusteringalgorithms and routing protocol are analyzed, and results show high throughput, high packet delivery ratio, and low communication cost compared with the existing baseline mobility management algorithms and routing protocols.
This paper is concerned with the development of a representative driving cycle that has advantages in accuracy and robustness. There are two aspects to achieve the representativeness of the developed driving cycle. Fo...
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This paper is concerned with the development of a representative driving cycle that has advantages in accuracy and robustness. There are two aspects to achieve the representativeness of the developed driving cycle. Foremost, the on-road driving patterns derive from a sufficient and objective database. Secondly, the simplicity and accuracy of the construction methodology are taken into full deliberation. To achieve these, the first issue is solved by making a combination of the official statistical data and Intelligent Transportation System, instead of determining the test routes via subjectivity and experience. Specifically, the official statistical data support the road classification and characteristic. In parallel, it is instrumental to take advantage of traffic information network provided by Google Waze intelligent application. The second issue is accomplished with dynamic clustering algorithm, which is tremendously appealing in practice. In the proposed method, the comprehensive principal component score (CPCS) is created to cluster the micro-trips into more homogeneous groups of observations. The Euclidean distance and iterative rapidity of convergence illustrate that CPCS-based dynamicclustering outperforms poly-principal components-based with respect to clustering performance and complexity. The robustness assessments verify the developed driving cycle matches the real-world driving cycle characteristics with high resolution under well-designed experiments and simulations.
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