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3rd International Conference on Smart Materials, Structures and Systems

作者： Park, Jae-Hyung Hong, Dong-Soo Kim, Jeong-Tae Koo, Ki-Young Yun, Chung-Bang Park, Gyuhae Pukyong Natl Univ Dept Ocean Engn 599-1 Daeyeon 3Dong Pusan 608737 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Civil & Environm Engn Daejeon 350701 South Korea Los Alamos Natl Lab Los Alamos NM 87544 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783908158226

In this study, a hybrid health monitoring technique that combines wireless sensing and embedded monitoring algorithms is proposed to realize the diagnosis of damage in PSC girder bridges. Firstly, a hybrid damage monitoring system that can alarm damage occurrence and classify damage-types is designed for PSC girder bridges. Secondly, smart sensor nodes that have wireless, stand-alone, sensing and monitoring capacities of acceleration and impedance are developed for hybrid health monitoring of the structures. Finally, the performance of the smart sensor nodes is evaluated using a laboratory-scale PSC girder bridge model for which acceleration and impedance signals were measured for prestress-loss and stiffness-loss cases.

关键词： Wireless sensing embedded algorithm damage monitoring damage diagnosis prestressed concrete girder

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A Fast and Low-Impact embedded Orientation Correction algorithm for Hand Gesture Recognition Armbands

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SENSORS 2025年第7期25卷 2188-2188页

作者： Mongardi, Andrea Rossi, Fabio Prestia, Andrea Ros, Paolo Motto Demarchi, Danilo Politecn Torino Dept Elect & Telecommun Turin 10129 Italy

Hand gesture recognition is a prominent topic in the recent literature, with surface ElectroMyoGraphy (sEMG) recognized as a key method for wearable Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs). However, sensor placement still significantly impacts systems performance. This study addresses sensor displacement by introducing a fast and low-impact orientation correction algorithm for sEMG-based HMI armbands. The algorithm includes a calibration phase to estimate armband orientation and real-time data correction, requiring only two distinct hand gestures in terms of sEMG activation. This ensures hardware and database independence and eliminates the need for model retraining, as data correction occurs prior to classification or prediction. The algorithm was implemented in a hand gesture HMI system featuring a custom seven-channel sEMG armband with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) capable of recognizing nine gestures. Validation demonstrated its effectiveness, achieving 93.36% average prediction accuracy with arbitrary armband wearing orientation. The algorithm also has minimal impact on power consumption and latency, requiring just an additional 500 mu W and introducing a latency increase of 408 mu s. These results highlight the algorithm's efficacy, general applicability, and efficiency, presenting it as a promising solution to the electrode-shift issue in sEMG-based HMI applications.

关键词： embedded algorithm hand gesture recognition human-machine interface surface electromyography wearable armband

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Hyperspectral Image Band Selection Based on CNN embedded GA (CNNeGA)

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IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING 2023年 16卷 1927-1950页

作者： Esmaeili, Mohammad Abbasi-Moghadam, Dariush Sharifi, Alireza Tariq, Aqil Li, Qingting Shahid Bahonar Univ Kerman Dept Elect Engn Kerman *** Iran Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training Univ Fac Civil Engn Dept Surveying Engn Tehran *** Iran Wuhan Univ State Key Lab Informat Engn Surveying Mapping & Remote Sensing Wuhan Peoples R China Mississippi State Univ Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture Mississippi State MS 39762 USA Chinese Acad Sci Aerosp Informat Res Inst Airborne Remote Sensing Ctr Beijing 100094 Peoples R China

Hyperspectral images (HSIs) are a powerful source of reliable data in various remote sensing applications. But due to the large number of bands, HSI has information redundancy, and methods are often used to reduce the number of spectral bands. Band selection (BS) is used as a preprocessing solution to reduce data volume, increase processing speed, and improve methodology accuracy. However, most conventional BS approaches are unable to fully explain the interaction between spectral bands and evaluate the representation and redundancy of the selected band subset. This study first examines a supervised BS method that allows the selection of the required number of bands. A deep network with 3D-convolutional layers embedded in a genetic algorithm (GA). The GA uses embedded 3D-CNN (CNNeGA) as a fitness function. GA also considers the parent check box. The parent check box (parent subbands) is designed to make genetic operators more effective. In addition, the effectiveness of increasing the attention layer to a 3D-CNN and converting this model to spike neural networks has been investigated in terms of accuracy and complexity over time. The evaluation of the proposed method and the obtained results are satisfactory. The accuracy improved from 6% to 21%. Accuracy between 90% and 99% has been obtained in each evaluation mode.

关键词： Genetic algorithms Hyperspectral imaging Feature extraction Data models Principal component analysis Task analysis Redundancy Attention layer band selection (BS) convolution neural networks (CNNs) embedded algorithm genetic algorithm (GA) hyperspectral image (HSI) spiking neural networks (SNNs)

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Client/Server Multi-Frame Data Exchange Architecture embedded in Residential Smart Meters

Client/Server Multi-Frame Data Exchange Architecture Embedde...

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IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society General Meeting (PESGM)

作者： Caropreso, R. T. Borges, F. A. S. Silva, I. N. Fernandes, R. A. S. Osorio, D. P. M. Univ Sao Paulo Dept Elect & Comp Engn Sao Carlos SP Brazil Fed Univ Sao Carlos UFSCar Dept Elect Engn Sao Carlos SP Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781509041688

In this paper, we propose a client/server architecture with multi-frame capability, which is embedded in a residential smart meter hardware focusing on data exchange between utility and smart meters. It is worthwhile to mention that for the data exchange, the TCP/IP protocol is employed and all the performance analysis is performed on an experimental environment. Some scenarios are defined in order to evaluate the traffic of packets through the network as well as the presence of errors on some frames. The analysis of such scenarios permits to verify the feasibility of this architecture in a real field application using a hardware that can be applied on smart meters' design. Our results show that even for the worst scenario, the system can reach transfer rates capable of sustaining an efficient and robust data exchange. Therefore, the architecture presented in this work proves to be feasible for this application context.

关键词： client/server architecture smart meters data exchange embedded algorithm

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Intelligent high sensitivity CCD line scan camera with embedded image processing algorithms

Intelligent high sensitivity CCD line scan camera with embed...

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Conference on Machine Vision Applications in Industrial Inspection VIII

作者： Lehotsky, DA Dalsa Inc Waterloo ON N2V 2E9 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819435848

A high performance, high sensitivity, CCD line scan camera for use in machine vision systems is presented. The camera incorporates an on-board micro-controller as well as PLD's (programmable logic devices) that allow computer control of image acquisition, image processing, and image analysis. The micro-controller/PLD combination provide embedded image processing/analysis capability whereby data compression can be achieved thus reducing the system hardware requirements. Users have control over algorithm parameters thus allowing for dynamic changes in the inspection target. algorithms and micro-controller firmware are completely in-system programmable via a serial communications link. Static and adaptive gray scale thresholding algorithms are presented as well as a sample application where a maximum of twenty cameras can be networked together to a single host computer. Applications for the camera include web inspection, parts inspection, template matching and gauging.

关键词： CCD camera machine vision micro-controller embedded algorithm image processing web inspection intelligent system

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An Open-Source Framework for Smart Meters: Data Communication and Security Traffic Analysis

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS 2019年第2期66卷 1638-1647页

作者： Caropreso, Rodrigo de T. Fernandes, Ricardo A. S. Osorio, Diana P. M. Silva, Ivan N. Univ Sao Paulo Dept Elect Engn BR-13566590 Sao Carlos SP Brazil Univ Fed Sao Carlos Dept Elect Engn BR-13565905 Sao Carlos SP Brazil

In this paper, a structured methodology is proposed to define the architecture for a communication framework with multiframe capability, which can be embedded in a residential smart meter hardware for smart grid applications. This framework is based on the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet protocol, and it is considered that the data are exchanged via wireless technologies. The architectural model was based upon the state-of-the-art in software engineering, making use of the design patterns and the principles of low coupling and high cohesion, which result in a solution that is both more reliable and maintainable. A security module is also provided and the framework performance is evaluated, in terms of packet throughput and computational effort of the security layer on the processing device, via practical experiments of some laboratory scenarios. Furthermore, errors on some frames are introduced in order to evaluate the feasibility of this framework in real field applications. Results show that this framework architecture supports acceptable transfer rates even with extra computational cost due to the use of data encryption and separated processing modules, making it a feasible proposal for the considered application context.

关键词： Client/server framework data exchange embedded algorithm encryption private key smart meters

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Multi-node data exchange traffic analysis for a communication framework embedded on smart meters

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ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH 2022年第0期205卷 107734-107734页

作者： Caropreso, Rodrigo T. Fernandes, Ricardo A. S. Silva, Ivan N. Univ Sao Paulo Sao Carlos Sch Engn Dept Elect & Comp Engn BR-13566590 Sao Carlos Brazil Univ Fed Sao Carlos Dept Elect Engn BR-13565905 Sao Carlos Brazil

This paper proposes a multi-frame communication framework, which is open, scalable and supports multiple connection from smart meters. The framework uses an architectural model based on Design Patterns and Object Oriented principles to guarantee a high cohesion and low coupling among its modules. In this sense, the main contribution of the present paper is to analyze the behaviour of an innovative communication framework in a realistic data transfer scenario. For this purpose, the multi-connection performance was evaluated based on packet throughput and computational cost on the processing device that receives connections from other nodes. Moreover, it was also considered the computational cost due to data encryption and the use of distinct hardware devices to validate the interoperability and define the limitations and constraints. For these purposes, some laboratory experiments were performed, demonstrating that the proposed framework is able to avoid a burst of data transfer for simultaneous connections and to support a good overall throughput in the server node (between 1406.14 and 2120.27 KB/s). Thus, the proposed framework represents a reliable and maintainable solution that can be embedded in smart meters.

关键词： Data exchange embedded algorithm Multi-connection Open source framework Smart grids Smart meters

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A data-stream TinyML compression algorithm for vehicular applications: a case study

A data-stream TinyML compression algorithm for vehicular app...

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IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Industry 4.0 and IoT (MetroInd4.0 and IoT)

作者： Silva, Marianne Signoretti, Gabriel Flores, Thommas Andrade, Pedro Silva, Jordao Silva, Ivanovitch Sisinni, Emiliano Ferrari, Paolo Postgrad Program Elect & Comp Engn PPgEEC Natal RN Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte Natal RN Brazil Univ Brescia Brescia Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410939

The Internet of Things (IoT) has reduced the distance between one point and another and between people by connecting multiple devices to the web. However, the volume and speed of data creation and transmission have also increased. In this scenario, some challenges start to emerge, such as potentially irrelevant or redundant data transmission, that is, generating a more significant expenditure of energy and processing, in addition to the unnecessary use of the communication channel. Thus, to mitigate these, a solution for IoT devices would be data compression techniques. However, such devices available in the market today have severe limitations in terms of storage and processing power. Therefore, to overcome these limitations, the TinyML can be used to seek ways to implement machine learning models in low-power devices. In this context, this article aims to evaluate the impact of the compression algorithm (Tiny Anomaly Compress - TAC) on the performance of a microcontroller applied to the context of vehicles in a real scenario. As a result, it was found that even with the embedded algorithm, the microcontroller processing time is not affected in a meaningful way.

关键词： Internet of Things Online data Compression TinyML embedded algorithm

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Cooperative control system of multi-ASV: design and implementation 8

Cooperative control system of multi-ASV: design and implemen...

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IEEE 8th International Conference on Underwater System Technology - Theory and Applications (USYS)

作者： Zhang, Shaoze Xiang, Xianho Yang, Shaolong Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Shenzhen Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Res Inst Shenzhen 518057 Peoples R China Collaborat Innovat Ctr Adv Ship & Deep Sea Explor Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Hubei Key Lab Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn Hyd Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538694053

Aiming at designing cooperative autonomous surface vehicle (ASV), this paper proposed a cooperative control system mainly based on embedded controllers onboard. First, the composition of the system is introduced, including the monitoring terminal and the onboard ASV system. After that, the working principle of the whole system is introduced in details, including the networking communication of multiple ASV, the communication with the monitoring terminal, and the implementation of the independent navigation and formation algorithm based on embedded controllers of ASV. Finally, the effectiveness of cooperative control of multi-ASV system is verified by experiments in open water.

关键词： ASV Network communication embedded algorithm Formation coordination

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Hardware Solution of Chaos Based Image Encryption

Hardware Solution of Chaos Based Image Encryption

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IEEE Symposium on Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits and Systems

作者： Giesl, Jiri Behal, Ladislav Vlcek, Karel Tomas Bata Univ Zlin Dept Appl Informat Zlin 76005 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9781424433391

Many image encryption schemes based on chaotic iterative maps are very expensive in terms of processing speed. This inconvenient feature causes the inapplicability in real-time processes. Hence, encryption scheme must be projected at low-level. This paper proposes hardware solution of image encryption with keeping the high security of encrypted image and speeding up the encryption process.

关键词： image encryption chaos encryption encryption complexity embedded algorithm

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