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Diagnostic Tools for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Comparative Survey

JOURNAL OF NETWORK AND SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT 2013年第3期21卷 408-452页

作者： Rodrigues, Andre Camilo, Tiago Silva, Jorge Sa Boavida, Fernando Univ Coimbra Ctr Informat & Sistemas P-3030290 Coimbra Portugal Inst Politecn Guarda Dept Engn Comp P-6300559 Guarda Portugal Univ Coimbra Dept Engn Informat P-3030290 Coimbra Portugal

The availability of tools to diagnose Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) failures is a key success factor for this type of networks as already demonstrated by several long-running deployments. By nature, WSNs are resource-constrained, fragile, complex to analyse, and failure-prone. Naturally, with the growing number of installations, it is becoming fundamental to efficiently diagnose failures as soon as possible, in order to deal with the underlying causes. In accordance with this, from 2005 onwards, the offer of diagnostic tools has been increasing, as the other base technologies (e.g. networking, operating system, localisation, synchronisation) become reasonably stable. The purpose of this survey is to provide an overview of existing post-deployment WSN diagnostic tools, by briefly presenting their functionality, architecture and constraints, in order to enable a basic understating of each tool. The survey also includes a multi-dimensional comparative analysis of the various tools, based on a proposed classification scheme and evaluation criteria, as well as an identification of the main open research issues. Although the number of diagnostic tools is high and considerable work has been done in this area, we conclude that there are still several challenges concerning post-deployment WSN diagnostic tools, regarding scope, flexibility, generality, mobility and security. Moreover, there is a need for mature, native diagnostic-oriented functionality in WSN platforms and operating systems.

关键词： Sensor networks Sensor diagnosing Testing and debugging Sensor failure embedded debugging

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Clairvoyant: A Comprehensive Source-Level Debugger for Wireless Sensor Networks 07

Clairvoyant: A Comprehensive Source-Level Debugger for Wirel...

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5th ACM Conference on embedded Networked Sensor Systems

作者： Yang, Jing Soffa, Mary Lou Selavo, Leo Whitehouse, Kamin Univ Virginia Dept Comp Sci Charlottesville VA 22903 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595937636

Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications are notoriously difficult to develop and debug. This paper describes Clairvoyant which is a comprehensive source-level debugger for wireless, embedded networks. With Clairvoyant, a developer can wirelessly connect to a sensor network and execute standard debugging commands including break, step, watch, and back-trace, as well as new commands that are specially designed for debugging WSNs. Clairvoyant attempts to minimize its effect on the program being debugged in terms of network load, memory footprint, execution speed, clock consistency, and flash lifetime.

关键词： Source-Level debugging Distributed debugging embedded debugging Wireless Sensor Networks

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FrankenTrace: Low-Cost, Cycle-Level, Widely Applicable Program Execution Tracing for ARM Cortex-M SoC

FrankenTrace: Low-Cost, Cycle-Level, Widely Applicable Progr...

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Cyber-Physical Systems and Internet-of-Things Week (CPS-IoT Week)

作者： Matraszek, Maciej Banaszek, Mateusz Ciszewski, Wojciech Iwanicki, Konrad Univ Warsaw Fac Math Informat & Mech Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700491

Program execution tracing is an important technique in software development and analysis. However, noninvasively obtaining cyclelevel traces for modern low-power ARMv7-M-based SoCs is challenging, because convenient off-the-shelf high-speed tracing probes are expensive and cannot be applied to SoCs that lack high-speed debug components, notably embedded Trace Macrocell (ETM) and parallel tracing port (PTP). To address this issue, in this work, we present FrankenTrace, a technique for generating full, noninvasive, cycle-level program counter traces and full, cycle-level data transfer traces of varying invasiveness on SoCs with only low-speed debug components, namely Debug Watchpoint and Trace unit (DWT), Instrumentation Trace Macrocell (ITM), Single Wire Output (SWO), and an inexpensive probe. We demonstrate the technique by tracing software running on a node of the 1KT testbed.

关键词： execution trace memory trace cycle-level trace embedded debugging low-cost tracing probe ETM ITM DWT ARM Cortex-M

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Declarative Tracepoints: A Programmable and Application Independent debugging System for Wireless Sensor Networks 08

Declarative Tracepoints: A Programmable and Application Inde...

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6th ACM Conference on embedded Networked Sensor Systems

作者： Cao, Qing Abdelzaher, Tarek Stankovic, John Whitehouse, Kamin Luo, Liqian Univ Illinois Dept Comp Sci Chicago IL 60680 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595939906

Effective debugging usually involves watching program state to diagnose bugs. When debugging sensor network applications, this approach is often time-consuming and error-prone, not only because of the lack of visibility into system state, but also because of the difficulty to watch the right variables at the right time. In this paper, we present declarative tracepoints, a debugging system that allows the user to insert a group of action-associated checkpoints, or tracepoints, to applications being debugged at runtime. Tracepoints do not require modifying application source code. Instead, they are written in a declarative, SQL-like language called TraceSQL independently. By triggering the associated actions when these checkpoints are reached, this system automates the debugging process by removing the human from the loop. We show that declarative tracepoints are able to express the core functionality of a range of previously isolated debugging techniques, such as EnviroLog, NodeMD, Sympathy, and StackGuard. We describe the design and implementation of the declarative tracepoints system, evaluate its overhead in terms of CPU slowdown, illustrate its expressiveness through the aforernentioned debugging techniques, and finally demonstrate that it can be used to detect real bugs using case studies of three bugs based on the development of the LiteOS operating system.

关键词： Declarative Tracepoints embedded debugging Wireless Sellsor Networks

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Design of High Reliability debugging System for RISC- V Microprocessor 3

Design of High Reliability Debugging System for RISC- V Micr...

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3rd International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Control Science, IC2ECS 2023

作者： Zhang, Yihong Tang, Wei School of Electronic Engineering Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382426

Aiming at the high reliability debugging needs of the system-on-chip of a RISC- V processor in the embedded field, a hardware debugging system based on the RISC- V debugging protocol is designed and implemented. The system uses JTAG signals to communicate with the debug host, and takes over the processor core control through the debug module, which not only realizes the basic debugging function, but also realizes the program cache execution function and hardware trigger function. In order to reduce the occupation of the pin interface, a two-wire debugging interface is designed. At the same time, the structure of the instruction transmission is optimized, and the instruction bypass transmission function is added to improve the reliability of the debugging system. The hardware debugging system has been verified by software simulation and FPGA prototype, and compared with the debugging systems of other RISC- V processors, and the results show that the hardware debugging system is feature-rich and can meet the functional requirements of debugging. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： embedded debugging instruction transfer RISC-V

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Demo abstract: Effective source-level debugging of wireless sensor networks

Demo abstract: Effective source-level debugging of wireless ...

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5th ACM International Conference on embedded Networked Sensor Systems, SenSys'07

作者： Yang, Jing Soffa, Mary Lou Whitehouse, Kamin Department of Computer Science University of Virginia United States

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Effective source-level debugging of wireless sensor networks 07

Effective source-level debugging of wireless sensor networks

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Proceedings of the 5th international conference on embedded networked sensor systems

作者： Jing Yang Mary Lou Soffa Kamin Whitehouse University of Virginia

ISBN: (纸本)9781595937636

Sensor network debugging is notoriously difficult because many bugs manifest themselves only when they encounter the real world -- exactly when most powerful debugging tools can no longer be applied. There are currectly two common approaches to source level debugging in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), (i) simulation-based debugging [3], and (ii) wire-based debugging via logic analyzers or in-circuit emulators [1]. The former do not capture the true dynamics of a real deployment while the latter do not scale with the number of nodes and geographic size of the network. Thus, existing source-level debugging approaches for WSNs cannot be used in many real deployment environments.

关键词： source-level debugging embedded debugging distributed debugging wireless sensor networks

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Diagnostic Tracing for Wireless Sensor Networks

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SENSOR NETWORKS 2013年第4期9卷 38-38页

作者： Sundaram, Vinaitheerthan Eugster, Patrick Zhang, Xiangyu Addanki, Vamsidhar Purdue Univ Sch Elect & Comp Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Purdue Univ Dept Comp Sci W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

Wireless sensor networks are typically deployed in harsh environments, thus post-deployment failures are not infrequent. An execution trace containing events in their order of execution could play a crucial role in postmortem diagnosis of these failures. Obtaining such a trace however is challenging due to stringent resource constraints. We propose an efficient approach to intraprocedural and interprocedural control-flow tracing that generates traces of all interleaving concurrent events and of the control-flow paths taken inside those events. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach with the help of case studies and illustrate its low overhead through measurements and simulations.

关键词： Design Experimentation Reliability embedded debugging tracing wireless sensor networks diagnosis

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