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检索条件"主题词=entropy coding"

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Efficient image and channel coding for wireless packet networks

Efficient image and channel coding for wireless packet netwo...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： P.G. Sherwood Xiaodong Tian K. Zeger Department of ECE University of California La Jolla CA USA

We combine multiple description (MD) quantization, entropy coding, and data partitioning to improve the error resiliency of images over varying packet loss channels. Our proposed scheme degrades gracefully as channel conditions worsen. A multidimensional extension of the two-channel multiple description scalar quantizer (MDSQ) improves robustness. A high performance wavelet image coder is designed for MDSQ, using the set-partitioning-in-hierarchical-trees (SPIHT) algorithm for entropy coding. Experimentally, with 4 descriptions, the new coder outperforms previous reports at any loss rate.

关键词： Channel coding Decoding Degradation Redundancy Image coding Costs Forward error correction Quantization Multidimensional systems entropy coding

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Error-robust video coding with channel-optimized trellis-coded quantization

Error-robust video coding with channel-optimized trellis-cod...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers

作者： Z. Liu G.P. Abousleman L.J. Karam Telecom Research Center Department of Electrical Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA Motorola IISG Scottsdale AZ USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780365143

This paper presents a low bit rate error-resilient channel-optimized coder for the transmission of video over the binary symmetric channel. The proposed coder uses a channel-optimized trellis-coded quantization (COTCQ) stage that is designed to optimize the video coding based on the channel characteristics. The resilience to channel errors is obtained by optimizing the coder performance only at the level of the source encoder, with no explicit use of channel coding for error protection. Additionally, due to the novel adaptive nature of the coder, the need for entropy coding and motion compensation is eliminated. Simulation results show that our coder provides outstanding quantitative and subjective coding performance for a wide variety of bit error rates, without the use of error concealment techniques.

关键词： Video coding Bit rate Quantization Design optimization Resilience Channel coding Protection entropy coding Motion compensation Bit error rate

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Segmentation by color space transformation prior to lifting and integer wavelet transformation for efficient lossless coding and transmission

Segmentation by color space transformation prior to lifting ...

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IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis and Interpretation

作者： G. Zamora Shuyu Yang M. Wilson S. Mitra Department of Electrical Engineering Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA

Efficient lossless coding and transmission of large color images through bandlimited channels are of growing interest in many applications. Classically lossless coding is performed in the spatial domain by entropy coding of the decorrelated pixels. However, such coding yields only a maximum of 3:1 compression. Recent developments in integer to integer wavelet transform allow multiresolution representation and progressive transmission of images through bandlimited channels starting from the entropy coded lowest resolution image. However, such schemes are able to reduce the bit rate to a limited extent. We present here an efficient automated technique using a simple color space transformation from RGB to HSI that segments and retrieves the color object contour in a fast manner. When such a segmented image is subjected to the integer to integer wavelet transform followed by an adaptive arithmetic coding model, lossless compression up to 20:1 has been achieved for some color images. Due to the substantial decrease in size of the input image to be processed, the execution time of the entire algorithm is reduced drastically. Although the color transformation from RGB to L/sup */a/sup */b/sup */ results in better visual appearance as well as more compressibility, this nonlinear transformation is more computationally intensive. Therefore for progressive transmission a simple color transformation scheme is preferable.

关键词： Image coding Image segmentation Color Wavelet transforms Spatial resolution Image resolution Propagation losses entropy coding Decorrelation Bit rate

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A new error resilience technique for image compression using arithmetic coding

A new error resilience technique for image compression using...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： I. Sodagar B.-B. Chai J. Wus Samoff Corporation Princeton NJ USA

Arithmetic coding is commonly used for entropy coding in image compression. It has been shown that arithmetic coding has a higher coding efficiency than other entropy coding schemes. However, it has a severe drawback when used in an error prone environment. Since arithmetic coding makes it impossible to precisely locate an error, a large portion of a bitstream must be discarded when an error occurs. In traditional packetization techniques, the bitstream is segmented to packets and the arithmetic encoder is reset at the beginning of each packet. However, the re-initialization will significantly reduce the coding efficiency of the arithmetic coder. We propose a novel technique to improve the error resilience of arithmetic coding. This new technique adds segment markers in the coded bitstream without the re-initialization of the arithmetic coder, which helps retain the correctly decoded segments within the bitstream improving the quality of the reconstructed image. Segment markers have been adopted in both MPEG-4 and JPEG 2000. Experimental results show that THE segment marker significantly improves the quality of reconstructed image with minor increase in bitstream size.

关键词： Image coding Resilience Arithmetic Decoding Image segmentation entropy coding Videos MPEG 4 Standard Image reconstruction Internet

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Low-complexity scalable image compression

Low-complexity scalable image compression

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Data Compression Conference (DCC)

作者： R.J. Van der Vleuten R.P. Kleihorst Philips Research Laboratories Eindhoven Netherlands Philips Research Eindhoven North Brabant NL

We have developed a scalable image compression scheme with a good performance-complexity trade-off. Like JPEG, it is based on the 8/spl times/8 block discrete cosine transform (DCT), but it uses no additional quantization or entropy coding (such as Huffman or arithmetic coding). Bit-rate or quality scalability is enabled by encoding the DCT coefficients bit plane by bit plane, starting at the most significant plane. The individual bit planes are efficiently encoded using simple rectangular zones. Our method offers about the same compression performance as JPEG, but at a significant lower complexity and with the additional feature of scaling the bit rate by simply truncating the generated bit string.

关键词： Image coding Discrete cosine transforms Transform coding Bit rate Arithmetic PSNR Discrete wavelet transforms Wavelet transforms entropy coding Laboratories

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SBHP-a low complexity wavelet coder

SBHP-a low complexity wavelet coder

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： C. Chrysafis A. Said A. Drukarev A. Islam W.A. Pearlman Hewlett Packard Laboratories Palo Alto CA USA Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

We present a low-complexity entropy coder originally designed to work in the JPEG2000 image compression standard framework. The algorithm is meant for embedded and non-embedded coding of wavelet coefficients inside a subband, and is called subband-block hierarchical partitioning (SBHP). It was extensively tested following the standard experiment procedures, and it was shown to yield a significant reduction in the complexity of entropy coding, with small loss in compression performance. Furthermore, it is able to seamlessly support all JPEG2000 features. We present a description of the algorithm, an analysis of its complexity, and a summary of the results obtained after its integration into the verification model (VM).

关键词： Transform coding Image coding Partitioning algorithms Code standards Wavelet coefficients Testing entropy coding Performance loss Algorithm design and analysis Virtual manufacturing

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What's your sign?: efficient sign coding for embedded wavelet image coding

What's your sign?: efficient sign coding for embedded wavele...

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Data Compression Conference (DCC)

作者： A. Deever S.S. Hemami Center for Applied Math Cornell University Ithaca NY USA School of Electrical Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY USA

Wavelet transform coefficients are defined by both a magnitude and a sign. While promising algorithms exist for efficiently coding the transform coefficient magnitudes, current wavelet image coding algorithms are not efficient at coding the sign of the transform coefficients. It is generally assumed that there is no compression gain to be obtained from entropy coding of the sign. Only recently have some authors begun to investigate this component of wavelet image coding. In this paper, sign coding is examined in detail in the context of an embedded wavelet image coder. It is shown that PSNR improvements of up to 0.7 dB are possible from an efficient modeling and entropy coding of the coefficient signs, combined with a new extrapolation technique, which is used to improve the final estimate of insignificant coefficients. These sign coding techniques are applicable to any genre (e.g., zero-tree, context-model) of the embedded wavelet image coder.

关键词： Image coding Wavelet transforms entropy coding Extrapolation Context modeling Compaction PSNR Codecs Frequency Wavelet analysis

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Fast progressive image coding without wavelets

Fast progressive image coding without wavelets

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Data Compression Conference (DCC)

作者： H.S. Malvar Microsoft Research Limited Redmond WA USA

We introduce a new image compression algorithm that allows progressive image reconstruction - both in resolution and in fidelity, with a fully embedded bit-stream. The algorithm is based on bit-plane entropy coding of reordered transform coefficients, similar to the progressive wavelet codec (PWC) previously introduced. Unlike PWC, however, our new progressive transform coder (PTC) does not use wavelets; it performs the space-frequency decomposition step via a new lapped biorthogonal transform (LBT). PTC achieves a rate distortion performance that is comparable (within 2%) to that of the state-of-the-art SPIHT (set partitioning in hierarchical trees) codec. However, thanks to the use of the LBT, the space-frequency decomposition step in PTC reduces the number of multiplications per pixel by a factor of 2.7, and the number of additions by about 15%, when compared to the fastest possible implementation of the "9/7" wavelet transform via lifting. Furthermore, since most of the computation in the LBT is in fact performed by a DCT, our PTC codec can make full use of fast software and hardware modules for 1D and 2D DCT.

关键词： Image coding Wavelet transforms Codecs Discrete cosine transforms Image reconstruction Image resolution entropy coding Rate-distortion Software performance Hardware

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QccPack: an open-source software library for quantization, compression, and coding

QccPack: an open-source software library for quantization, c...

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Data Compression Conference (DCC)

作者： J.E. Fowler Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State University Starkville MS USA

Summary form only given. We describe the QccPack software package, an open-source collection of library routines and utility programs for quantization, compression, and coding of data. QccPack is written to expedite data compression research and development by providing general and reliable implementations of common compression techniques. Functionality of the current release includes entropy coding, scalar quantization, vector quantization, adaptive vector quantization, wavelet transforms and subband coding, error-correcting codes, image processing support, and general vector-mathematics, matrix-mathematics, file-I/O, and error-message routines. All QccPack functionality is accessible via library calls; additionally, many utility programs provide command-line access. Although primary development efforts have concentrated on the Red Hat Linux i386 platform, it should be a straightforward procedure to build QccPack on other varieties of Linux as well as non-Linux UNIX-based systems.

关键词： Open source software Software libraries Image coding Utility programs Vector quantization Linux Software packages Data compression Research and development entropy coding

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Single-bit oversampled A/D conversion with exponential accuracy in the bit-rate

Single-bit oversampled A/D conversion with exponential accur...

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Data Compression Conference (DCC)

作者： Z. Cvetkovic I. Daubechies AT and T Shannon Laboratories USA Princeton University USA

We present a scheme for simple oversampled analog-to-digital conversion with single bit quantization and exponential error decay in the bit rate. The scheme is based on recording positions of zero-crossings of the input signal added to a deterministic dither function. This information can be represented in a manner which requires only logarithmic increase of the bit rate with the oversampling factor, r. The input-bandlimited signal can be reconstructed from this information locally, and with a mean squared error which is inversely proportional to the square of the oversampling factor, MSE=O(1/r/sup 2/). Consequently the mean squared error of this scheme exhibits exponential decay in the bit rate.

关键词： Quantization Sampling methods Analog-digital conversion Signal resolution White noise Rate-distortion entropy coding Signal analysis Laboratories Bit rate

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