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检索条件"主题词=entropy coding"

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Zerotree entropy coding of wavelet coefficients for very low bit rate video

Zerotree entropy coding of wavelet coefficients for very low...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： S.A. Martucci I. Sodagar David Sarnoff Research Center SRI International Inc. Princeton NJ USA

This paper introduces zerotree entropy (ZTE) coding for wavelet transform coefficients of video I-frames and motion-compensated video residuals. ZTE coding is based on but differs significantly from the embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) algorithm. As in EZW, the new ZTE coding algorithm exploits the self-similarity inherent in the wavelet transform to predict the location of information across wavelet scales. The new ZTE coder does not produce an embedded bitstream as EZW does, but by sacrificing the embedding property, ZTE achieves substantial improvement in coding efficiency and provides greater flexibility and other advantages over EZW.

关键词： entropy coding Wavelet coefficients Bit rate Discrete wavelet transforms Quantization Video coding MPEG 4 Standard Scalability Wavelet transforms Video compression

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Piecewise-linear compression scheme for PC video cameras

Piecewise-linear compression scheme for PC video cameras

引用

Meeting on Visual Communications and Image Processing

作者： Li, J Agi, I EXAR Corp Fremont CA 94538 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431249

To keep cost low, most of the commercial color camera products for PC video conferencing employ a single CCD or CMOS imager. Usually, a mosaic color filter array is applied to the CCD or CMOS focal plane array image sen!;or in order to extract color information from the image through post-processing. Thus the output data of each color component is interlaced in every output line from the imager. This paper proposes a new scan-line based image compression technique for PC video conferencing. It takes the advantages of PC's advanced computation power and provides end users the capability of performing image decompression and color interpolation on demand. Without doing any color interpolation before image compression, piecewise linear compression is performed on raw line data. It generates a single control point set for all color components of the same line and packs the control points into a compact format so that a small lookup table for variable-length Huffman encoding can be applied. The simplicity of piecewise-linear approximation and variable-length encoding leads to low-cost ASIC implementation and fast speed image compression solution with improved compression ratio, better color fidelity, and capability to implement decoding in parallel processing.

关键词： image compression video conferencing piecewise-linear entropy coding

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High-order entropy coding of medical image data using different binary-decomposed representations

High-order entropy coding of medical image data using differ...

引用

International Conference on Signal Processing Proceedings (ICSP)

作者： S.S. Yu N.P. Galatsanos AT and T Bell Laboratories Inc. Naperville IL USA

Information theory indicates that the coding efficiency can be improved by utilizing high-order entropy coding (HOEC). However, serious implementation difficulties limit the practical value of HOEC for grayscale image compression. We present a new approach, called binary-decomposed (BD) high-order entropy coding, that significantly reduces the complexity of the implementation and increases the accuracy in estimating the statistical model. In this approach a grayscale image is first decomposed into a group of binary sub-images, each corresponding to one of the gray levels. When HOEC is applied to these sub-images instead of the original image, the subsequent coding is made simpler and more accurate statistically.

关键词： entropy coding Biomedical imaging Image coding Gray-scale Statistics Information theory Probability Performance loss Bit rate Costs

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High-order entropy coding for tree structured vector quantization

High-order entropy coding for tree structured vector quantiz...

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IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems

作者： Jun Seok Song Seung Jun Lee Choong Woong Lee School of Electrical Engineering Seoul National University Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780337026

This paper presents an efficient noiseless encoding scheme for a balanced/unbalanced tree structured vector quantization (TSVQ) system utilizing high order statistics of TSVQ indices. The proposed encoding scheme includes a reduction method of both the number of conditioning states and the size of entropy table at each encoder state. In addition, to effectively manage a given amount of memory resource, the memory constrained encoding problem is examined. Simulation results show the proposed scheme brings remarkable bitrate reduction even under a moderate amount of memory.

关键词： entropy coding Vector quantization Encoding Memory management Bit rate Arithmetic Electronic mail Statistics Resource management Huffman coding

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Efficient representation and decoding of static Huffman code tables in a very low bit rate environment

Efficient representation and decoding of static Huffman code...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： N.B. Body D.G. Bailey Institute of Information Sciences and Technology Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand

The lossless entropy coding used in many image coding schemes often is overlooked as most research is based around the lossy stages of image compression. This paper examines the relative merits of using static Huffman coding with a compact optimal table verses more sophisticated adaptive arithmetic methods. For very low bit rate image compression, the computationally simple Huffman method is shown to be competitive and often superior to adaptive algorithms. We present a method of efficiently representing an optimal Huffman table using delta coded symbol bit lengths. The decoding of the bitstream can also be accelerated by using table lookup operations.

关键词： Decoding Image coding entropy coding Huffman coding Arithmetic Bit rate Adaptive algorithm Acceleration Table lookup

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An analysis based, perceptually lossless, texture compression method

An analysis based, perceptually lossless, texture compressio...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： P. Campisi A. Neri D. Hatzinakos Dipartimento Ingegneria Elettronica Universitá degli Studi di Roma Tre Rome Italy Department Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto ONT Canada

In this contribution, a perceptually leaseless, model based texture coding method is presented. The model's parameters, consisting of a binary excitation image, the coefficients of an AR filter and the histogram of the original texture, allow to reconstruct a texture which is perceptually indistinguishable from the original one. The estimated binary excitation is compressed using a binary wavelet transformation specifically tailored to binary images, which allows a fast and lossless coding, followed by an entropy coding applied even to the other parameters. The proposed method leads to very good perceptual results superior to those of existing coders.

关键词： Image coding Image texture analysis Filters Histograms Image reconstruction entropy coding

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Robust image compression based on self-synchronizing Huffman code and inter-subband dependency

Robust image compression based on self-synchronizing Huffman...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers

作者： Te-Chung Yang S. Kumar C.-C.J. Kuo Integrated Media Systems Center Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

An improved self-synchronizing Huffman code is proposed to decrease the error propagation length in the compressed bit stream caused by errors during transmission. After regaining synchronization, the decoder may still not be able to align each symbol with its correct location due to the wrong number of previously decoded symbols in the error propagation region. A scheme to identify the probable error location and then move symbols towards their correct positions is also proposed by exploiting the correlation between coefficients of the current subband and their parent subband. Experiments under different error conditions are performed, and it is demonstrated that the proposed error resilient techniques provide a more robust codec with very little sacrifice in the coding efficiency.

关键词： Robustness Image coding Decoding Streaming media Discrete wavelet transforms Error correction Communication channels entropy coding Codecs Humans

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Signal coding for low power: fundamental limits and practical realizations

Signal coding for low power: fundamental limits and practica...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： S. Ramprasad N.R. Shanbhag I.N. Hajj Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana-Champaign IL USA

Transitions on high capacitance busses result in considerable system power dissipation. Therefore, various coding schemes have been proposed in the literature to encode the input signal in order to reduce the number of transitions. In this paper, we present: (1) fundamental bounds on the activity reduction capability of any encoding scheme for a given source, and (2) practical novel encoding schemes that approach these bounds. The fundamental bounds in (1) are obtained via an information-theoretic approach where a signal x(n) with entropy rate H is coded with R bits per sample on average. The encoding schemes in (2) are developed via a communication-theoretic approach, whereby a data source is passed through a decorrelating function followed by a variant of entropy coding function which reduces the transition activity. Simulation results with an encoding scheme for data busses indicate an average reduction in transition activity of 36%.

关键词： Encoding Capacitance Power dissipation Decorrelation entropy coding Upper bound Circuits Very large scale integration Computational modeling Voltage

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Manipulating rates, complexity and error-resilience with discrete transforms

Manipulating rates, complexity and error-resilience with dis...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers

作者： V.K. Goyal M. Vetterli Mathematics of Communications Research Department Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies Inc. USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley USA Laboratoire de Communications Audiovisuelles Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Switzerland

The common conception of transform coding is a a computationally efficient alternative to vector quantization. At high rates, it is not the partitioning itself but the efficiency of the scalar entropy coding which makes transform coding useful. With this view a class of discrete transforms derived from linear transforms are used to pursue three objectives: reducing coefficient entropies (getting coding gain as in conventional transform coding), reducing the complexity of entropy coding (allowing many coefficients to be efficiently coded with identical entropy codes), and having robustness to coefficient erasures.

关键词： Discrete transforms entropy coding Transform coding Computer errors Robustness Karhunen-Loeve transforms Mathematics Vector quantization Video coding Decoding

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Comparative investigation of a non-linear predictive codec versus JPEG lossless compression

Comparative investigation of a non-linear predictive codec v...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： J. Jiang M. Lo Department of Computer Studies Loughborough University Loughborough UK

A non-linear predictive coding based algorithm is proposed for lossless image compression. The algorithm uses two neighbouring pixels, one left and the other top, as a pioneering block to search for the best matched blocks inside a pre-defined window. The corresponding pixels associated with the best matched blocks are then taken to produce the predictive value, together with the two pioneering pixels. Comparative investigation is carried out by experiments which show clearly that the proposed algorithm outperform JPEG lossless compression mode.

关键词： Codecs Transform coding Image coding Pixel Predictive coding Prediction algorithms entropy coding Image storage Dictionaries Probability distribution

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