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检索条件"主题词=entropy coding"

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A Novel Fast Intra-Mode Decision Algorithm for H.264/AVC

A Novel Fast Intra-Mode Decision Algorithm for H.264/AVC

引用

Congress on Image and Signal Processing, CISP

作者： Shuwei Sun Shuming Chen School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

CABAC is the entropy coding method adopted in H.264/AVC main profile. RDO is the mode decision method commended by JVT, which can improve the performance of encoder markedly. However, the computation complexity of video encoding increases drastically. In this paper, we propose a novel fast intra-mode decision algorithm for H.264, based on transform-domain bit-rate estimation technique, using the estimated values of rate to calculate the Lagrange cost instead of the real values after entropy coding, thus avoiding the process of entropy coding in mode decision and reducing the computing time for video encoding. Besides, the intra-mode decisions for luma and chroma components are performed independently, which avoids the two-layer nested iteration in mode decision. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm saves about 80% of total encoding time while the losses of PSNR and bit-rate are negligible for IIII sequence.

关键词： Automatic voltage control entropy coding Encoding Signal processing algorithms Lagrangian functions Costs PSNR ISO standards Arithmetic Sun

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引用

IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Lin Luo Feng Wu Shipeng Li Zhenquan Zhuang University of Science and Technology Hefei Anhui China Microsoft Research Asia Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)0780377508

This paper proposes an efficient layer-correlated scheme to educe the bit cost for motion vectors in the 3D wavelet coding, previous works show that incorporating motion alignment into lifting structure enables the 3D wavelet coding to provide a competitive performance to the state-of-the-art JVT standard. In general, the temporal wavelet decomposition consists of multiple layers, while each layer adopts one set of motion vectors to achieve high coding efficiency and temporal scalability. Since the current schemes code these MVs independently, this greatly increases the bit cost for coding MV. In order to reduce the motion cost, the proposed scheme performs motion estimation considering the MV correlation among layers. Several modes are proposed to describe the different local correlations at the macroblock level. By an R-D optimized mode selection engine, the proposed scheme can save up to 33% bits of MVs at the similar texture quality.

关键词： Motion estimation Video coding Costs Codecs Scalability Engines Wavelet transforms entropy coding Filters Yarn

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High performance wavelet image compression optimized for MSE and HVS metrics

High performance wavelet image compression optimized for MSE...

引用

Data Compression Conference (DCC)

作者： P. Topiwala MITRE Corporation Bedford MA USA

Summary form only. Wavelet still image compression has been a focus of intense research. Considerable coding gains over older DCT-based methods have been achieved, while the computational complexity has been made very competitive. We report on a high performance wavelet still image compression algorithm optimized for both mean-squared error (MSE) and human visual system (HVS) characteristics. We present the problem of optimal quantization from a Lagrange multiplier point of view, and derive novel solutions. Ideally, all three components of a typical image compression system: transform, quantization, and entropy coding, should be optimized simultaneously. However, the highly nonlinear nature of quantization and encoding complicates the formulation of the total cost function. We consider optimizing the filter, and then the quantizer, separately, holding the other two components fixed. While optimal bit allocation has been treated in the literature, we specifically address the issue of setting the quantization step sizes, which in practice is quite different. We select a short high-performance filter, develop an efficient scalar MSE-quantizer, and four HVS-motivated quantizers which add some value visually without incurring any MSE losses. A combination of run-length and empirically optimized Huffman coding is fixed in this study.

关键词： Image coding Quantization Filters Focusing Computational complexity Humans Visual system Lagrangian functions entropy coding Cost function

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A two-pass optimal motion-threading technique for 3D wavelet video coding

A two-pass optimal motion-threading technique for 3D wavelet...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： Lin Luo Feng Wu Shipeng Li Zhenquan Zhuang Ya-Qin Zhang University of Science and Technology Hefei Anhui China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui P.R. China Microsoft Research Asia Phoenix-Scottsdale AZ USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780374487

Motion-threading is a novel technique that can efficiently incorporate motion information into 3D wavelet video coding. By utilizing a shape adaptive wavelet transform along with the motion-threading technique, 3D wavelet video coding can greatly outperform MPEG-4 for those sequences with simple motion. Since the motion estimation used in the threading process only considers the correlation of adjacent frames in signal magnitude, a large number of short threads are present in the existing motion-threading technique. As a result, the coding efficiency of the 3D motion-threading wavelet coding is far lower than that of MPEG-4 for those sequences with complex motion. This paper contributes a two-pass optimal motion-threading (TOMTH) technique for the 3D wavelet video coding. Both the correlation in signal magnitude and the number of threads are considered by using a new criterion of motion estimation. TOMTH effectively reduces the number of motion threads, meanwhile maintaining considerable accuracy in aligning frames. Experimental results show that the 3D wavelet video coding with the proposed TOMTH technique can achieve consistent good performance in various sequences.

关键词： Video coding Yarn Wavelet transforms MPEG 4 Standard Motion estimation Asia Shape entropy coding Scalability Signal processing

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Adaptive spam filtering using dynamic feature space

Adaptive spam filtering using dynamic feature space

引用

International Conference on Tools for Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)

作者： Yan Zhou M.S. Mulekar P. Nerellapalli School of CIS University of South Alabama Mobile AL USA

Unsolicited bulk e-mail, also known as spam, has been an increasing problem for the e-mail society. This paper presents a new spam filtering strategy that 1) uses a practical entropy coding technique, Huffman coding, to dynamically encode the feature space of e-mail collections over time and, 2) applies an online algorithm to adaptively enhance the learned spam concept as new e-mail data becomes available. The contributions of this work include a highly efficient spam filtering algorithm in which the input space is radically reduced to a single-dimension input vector, and an adaptive learning technique that is robust to vocabulary change, concept drifting and skewed data distribution. We compare our technique to several existing off-line learning techniques including support vector machine, naive Bayes, k-nearest neighbor, C4.5 decision tree, RBFNetwork, boosted decision tree and stacking, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique by presenting the experimental results on the e-mail data that is publicly available

关键词： Adaptive filters Electronic mail Filtering algorithms Decision trees entropy coding Huffman coding Robustness Vocabulary Machine learning Support vector machines

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A Simplified Scalable Wavelet Video Codec with MCTF Structure

A Simplified Scalable Wavelet Video Codec with MCTF Structur...

引用

International Conference on Digital Telecommunications (ICDT)

作者： B. Wang K.K. Loo P.Y. Yip M.F. Siyau School of Engineering and Design Brunei University UK School of Computer Science University of Herfordshire UK Department Electrical Computer & Engineering London South Bank University UK

In recent years, wavelet-based image and video coding systems that utilize a wide range of spatial-temporal-SNR scalability with state-of-the-art coding performance has been proposed in the literature. The strong market acceptance of the new scalable technology stems from advances in network technology as well as various requirements from terminal users since computer network is becoming the main media transmission. This paper presents a simplified scalable wavelet video coding structure using MCTF with 5/3 filter. This structure does not include motion estimation, hence entropy coding for motion vectors is omitted. The proposed codec generates four temporal resolution layers, with up to four spatial resolution levels and six variable quantization levels for certain sequence. Simulation results show the codec has great flexibility feature and the reconstructed video quality is thought to be of acceptable quality

关键词： Video codecs Video coding Spatial resolution Scalability Image coding Computer networks Filters Motion estimation entropy coding Quantization

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Low-cost realtime screen sharing to multiple clients

Low-cost realtime screen sharing to multiple clients

引用

IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Huifeng Shen Yan Lu Feng Wu Shipeng Li Microsoft Research Asia University of Science and Technology China Microsoft Research Asia China

In this paper, we propose an efficient encoding solution for the screen-sharing applications with multiple clients connected. We first present a lightweight screen codec to compress the complicated screen content. Based on the architecture of the proposed codec, we propose a one-pass encoding algorithm for multiple bit-rates. The one-pass encoding algorithm enables the host to only involve in one-pass encoding process for multiple bitrates, and as a result the computation complexity of the host is decreased significantly. Specially, in the limited computing-resource case, the one-pass encoding algorithm can improve the screen-sharing performance by about 43%, in terms of framerates the clients can get. In addition, based on our codec, we propose a fast screen transcoding scheme for the data-center based screen-sharing applications.

关键词： Codecs Indexes Image color analysis Image coding Pixel entropy coding

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Fast progressive image coding without wavelets

Fast progressive image coding without wavelets

引用

Data Compression Conference (DCC)

作者： H.S. Malvar Microsoft Research Limited Redmond WA USA

We introduce a new image compression algorithm that allows progressive image reconstruction - both in resolution and in fidelity, with a fully embedded bit-stream. The algorithm is based on bit-plane entropy coding of reordered transform coefficients, similar to the progressive wavelet codec (PWC) previously introduced. Unlike PWC, however, our new progressive transform coder (PTC) does not use wavelets; it performs the space-frequency decomposition step via a new lapped biorthogonal transform (LBT). PTC achieves a rate distortion performance that is comparable (within 2%) to that of the state-of-the-art SPIHT (set partitioning in hierarchical trees) codec. However, thanks to the use of the LBT, the space-frequency decomposition step in PTC reduces the number of multiplications per pixel by a factor of 2.7, and the number of additions by about 15%, when compared to the fastest possible implementation of the "9/7" wavelet transform via lifting. Furthermore, since most of the computation in the LBT is in fact performed by a DCT, our PTC codec can make full use of fast software and hardware modules for 1D and 2D DCT.

关键词： Image coding Wavelet transforms Codecs Discrete cosine transforms Image reconstruction Image resolution entropy coding Rate-distortion Software performance Hardware

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Bit-Plane coding for Source with Generalized Gaussian Distribution

Bit-Plane Coding for Source with Generalized Gaussian Distri...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia

作者： Haiyan Shu Haibin Huang Te Li Susanto Rahardja Institute for Infocomm Research Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore Singapore

Bit-plane probability of data is a useful characteristic for many applications, such as entropy coding. Its value may vary according to the distribution of the data. In this paper, the bit-plane probability of data with generalized Gaussian distribution is analyzed. By studying the statistical characteristics of the sources and the bit-plane probability for Laplacian distribution, an approximated analytic description of bit-plane probability for generalized Gaussian distribution is presented. This approximation calculates the bit-plane probability with low computational cost. Simulation results show that, the proposed algorithm can well approximate the actual bit-plane probability. In addition, when the proposed algorithm is applied to audio bit-plane arithmetic coding, the coding efficiency is higher than that based on the Laplacian distribution assumption.

关键词： Gaussian distribution Laplace equations Probability Streaming media Context modeling Computational efficiency Image coding Tellurium entropy coding Computational modeling

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Bandwidth-Efficient Encoder Framework for H.264/AVC Scalable Extension

Bandwidth-Efficient Encoder Framework for H.264/AVC Scalable...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia Workshops (ISMW)

作者： Yi-Hau Chen Tzu-Der Chuang Yu-Jen Chen Liang-Gee Chen DSP/IC Design Laboratory Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780769530840;0769530842

Scalable video coding is the state-of-art video coding stan- dard for the future streaming applications over heterogeneous networks. Although SVC is based on H.264/AVC, some new coding tools increase the its difficulty in encoder hardware design, especially in memory issues. In this paper, hierar- chical B-frame structure and fine granularity scalability are introduced and their memory bandwidth overhead are ana- lyzed. Two method, adaptive spatial-temporal hierarchical ME and scan bucket algorithm are proposed to reduced band- width overhead 55% and 88%, respectively, while these al- gorithms have almost no quality degradation. The concept of proposed encoder framework can be further applied in high definition SVC encoder designs.

关键词： Automatic voltage control Static VAr compensators Scalability Video coding Streaming media Hardware Bandwidth entropy coding Proposals Application software

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