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检索条件"主题词=entropy coding"

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On the redundancy of universal trellis lossy source coding

On the redundancy of universal trellis lossy source coding

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： J. Yang Z. Zhang Communication Sciences Institute Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

In this paper, we construct an adaptive entropy coded trellis lossy source coding coding scheme for memoryless sources. The scheme utilizes a fully connected trellis with a set of fixed-rate state codebooks and adaptive probability mass function for the codewords. Since the usage frequency of each codeword is known at the decoder, no overhead is necessary for adapting the probabilities mass functions of the codebooks. Thus, using recent redundancy result in trellis coding [G.-C. Zhou et al., 2002] and universal random block codes designed in [E.-H. Yang et al., 2001], we show that the proposed coding scheme is universal and its redundancy is also of the form O(1/n), which is the same order as that of trellis source coding with known statistics.

关键词： Source coding Block codes Statistics Convolutional codes Frequency Decoding Rate-distortion entropy coding Viterbi algorithm Encoding

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Efficient rate adaptation of precompressed video to network constraints via controlled noise injection

Efficient rate adaptation of precompressed video to network ...

引用

IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： U. Sezer S.H. Oguz P. Ramanathan University of Wisconsin-Madison USA EMC Corporation

In our prior work, we presented an algorithm called largest magnitude coefficient selection (LMCS) for realizing the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) scaling an already encoded video object to an alternate (lower) rate (higher) distortion level. We showed that LMCS retains semantically important image features and successfully avoids the common artifacts of blur and ringing noise. However, it suffers from a significant coding inefficiency problem. In this paper, we first identify the mechanisms, which lead to the problem, and consequently present a novel technique called pivoting in order to alleviate it. The comparison of the resulting algorithm, LMCS-pivot, against the conventional SNR scaling techniques demonstrates its effectiveness according to both objective and subjective performance measures.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio entropy coding Discrete cosine transforms Costs Noise level Electromagnetic compatibility Rate distortion theory Filtering Decoding Telecommunication traffic

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Generalized motion compensation and arithmetic coding for matching pursuit coder

Generalized motion compensation and arithmetic coding for ma...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： K. Sugimoto F. Moschetti S. Kato M. Etoh Multimedia Laboratories NTT DoCoMo Inc. Yokosuka Kanagawa Japan

Matching pursuit (MP) based video coder represents an active alternative to conventional block based DCT based architectures R Neff et al. (1997). In this paper we propose a generalized motion compensation method and an entropy coding method for MP based coder. Motion vectors are combined with the cut-off frequency level of loop filters applied to the reference frame. Exploiting the characteristics of MP atoms, the latter are efficiently coded by employing an adaptive grid size combined with context based adaptive arithmetic coder. Reordering of atoms in each grid is also applied. Simulation results show that our proposed method outperforms traditional fixed grid based approach.

关键词： Motion compensation Arithmetic Matching pursuit algorithms Low pass filters Information filtering Information filters entropy coding Discrete cosine transforms Frequency locked loops Motion estimation

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Performance of perceptron predictors for lossless EEG signal compression

Performance of perceptron predictors for lossless EEG signal...

引用

IEEE Region 10 International Conference TENCON

作者： N. Sriraam C. Eswaran Faculty of information Technology Multimedia University Cyberjaya Malaysia

In this paper, the performance of different types of perceptron predictors for EEG signal compression is investigated. A two-stage lossless compression scheme which involves the decorrelation of EEG samples in the first stage and entropy coding in the second stage is considered. The second stage employs an arithmetic coding scheme. A comparison of the performance of the perceptron predictors with that of linear predictors such as FIR, NLMS is presented. It is found that the single-layer perceptron performs, in general, better than the multi-layer perceptrons as well as linear predictors.

关键词： Performance loss Electroencephalography Multimedia computing entropy coding Arithmetic Finite impulse response filter Storage automation Speech Spectral analysis Brain modeling

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A zerotree stereo video encoder

A zerotree stereo video encoder

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： S. Thanapirom W.A.C. Fernando E.A. Edirisinghe Telecommunications Program Asian Institute of Technology Klong Luang Pathum Thani Thailand Department of Computer Science Loughborough University Leicestershire UK

Over the past decade, the growing interests in realistic visual communication systems have led to the rapid development of 3D visual compression techniques. A stereoscopic system is one way of simulating 3D perception. Without exploiting the high redundancy in a stereo pair, the amount of data required to store or transmit it is doubled, when compared to that for monocular images. In this paper, we present a new technique for coding stereo video sequences based on the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The proposed technique exploits Zerotree entropy coding (ZTE) that makes use of the wavelet block concept to achieve low bit rate stereo video coding. One of the two image streams, the main stream, is independently coded by a modified zerotree video coder and the second stream, the auxiliary stream, is predicted based on disparity compensation. The residual image of the auxiliary stream is then coded by a modified zerotree video coder. Results show that the proposed encoder can achieve 50% bandwidth reduction compared to the ZTE based monoscopic compression encoder.

关键词： Streaming media Video compression Discrete wavelet transforms Image coding Visual communication Video sequences entropy coding Bit rate Video coding Bandwidth

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Gradient based selective weighting of neighboring pixels for predictive lossless image coding

Gradient based selective weighting of neighboring pixels for...

引用

International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces

作者： J. Knezovic M. Kovac Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia

Natural, continuous tone images have the very important property of high correlation of adjacent pixels. This property is cleverly exploited in lossless image compression where, prior to the statistical modeling and entropy coding step, predictive coding is used as a decorrelation tool. The use of prediction for the current pixel also reduces the cost of the applied statistical model for entropy coding. Linear prediction, where the predicted value is a linear function of previously encoded pixels (causal template), has proven to give very good results as a decorrelation tool in lossless image compression. We concentrate on adaptive linear predictors used in lossless image coding and propose a new linear prediction method.

关键词： Pixel Image coding entropy coding Costs Decorrelation Context modeling Predictive models Predictive coding Probability Biomedical imaging

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Multi-hypothesis error concealment algorithm for H.26L video

Multi-hypothesis error concealment algorithm for H.26L video

引用

IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Young O Park Chang-Su Kim Sang-Uk Lee Telecommunication Network Samsung Electronics Co. LTD South Korea Dept. of Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Electrical Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780377508

In this work, we propose a multi-hypothesis error concealment algorithm, which replaces a lost block with a weighted superposition of more than two reference blocks in previous frames. Three methods are developed to find the set of reference blocks and determine the weighting coefficients. These methods are implemented based on H.26L standard, and their performances are evaluated. It is shown that the proposed multi-hypothesis algorithm provides up to 1.5 dB better performance than the conventional single-hypothesis concealment algorithm.

关键词： Video compression Motion estimation Video coding MPEG 4 Standard IEC standards ISO standards Motion compensation Transform coding entropy coding Streaming media

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A simple and efficient watermarking technique based on JPEG2000 codec

A simple and efficient watermarking technique based on JPEG2...

引用

International Symposium on Multimedia Software Engineering

作者： Tung-Shou Chen Jeanne Chen Jian-Guo Chen National Taichung Institute of Technology Taiwan Hungkuang University Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0769520316

We propose an effective watermarking scheme to embed and extract based on the JPEG2000 codec process. Our embedding algorithm applied the Torus Automorphisms technique to break up the watermark, which were then embedded into the bitstreams after the JPEG2000 quantization step but prior to entropy coding. Distortion reduction technique was used on the compressed image to lessen image degradation caused by embedding. Our watermark scheme is simple and easy to implement. Furthermore, our scheme is robust to attacks like blurring, edge enhancement, mosaic, and more.

关键词： Watermarking Codecs Transform coding Image coding Discrete transforms Quantization entropy coding Bit rate Discrete wavelet transforms Degradation

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Hierarchical modeling via optimal context quantization

Hierarchical modeling via optimal context quantization

引用

International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing

作者： A. Krivoulets Xiaolin Wu IT-University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark MacMaster University Hamilton ONT Canada

Optimal context quantization with respect to the minimum conditional entropy (MCECQ) is proven to be an efficient way for high order statistical modeling and model complexity reduction in data compression systems. The MCECQ merges together contexts that have similar statistics to reduce the size of the original model. In this technique, the number of output clusters (the model size) must be set before quantization. Optimal model size for the given data is not usually known in advance. We extend the MCECQ technique to a multi-model approach for context modeling, which overcomes this problem and gives the possibilities for better fitting the model to the actual data. The method is primarily intended for image compression algorithms. In our experiments, we applied the proposed technique to embedded conditional bit-plane entropy coding of wavelet transform coefficients. We show that the performance of the proposed modeling achieves the performance of the optimal model of fixed size found individually for given data using MCECQ (and in most cases it is even slightly better).

关键词： Context modeling Quantization Image coding Data compression Statistics entropy coding Wavelet transforms Compression algorithms Code standards Computed tomography

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Adaptive resolution vector quantization technique and basic codebook design method for compound image compression

Adaptive resolution vector quantization technique and basic ...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： T. Nakayama M. Konda K. Takeuchi K. Kotani T. Ohmi Graduate School of Engineering University of Tohoku Sendai Japan

In order to increase the performance of image compression by vector quantization (VQ), we propose a systematic codebook design method without using learning sequences for 4/spl times/4 and 2/spl times/2 pixel blocks. According to the method, the codebook can be applied to all kinds of images and exhibits equivalent compression performance to the specific codebooks created individually by conventional learning method using corresponding images. Furthermore, we have developed a novel VQ-based image-coding algorithm suitable for compound images. Adaptive resolution VQ (AR-VQ) method, which is composed of three key techniques, i.e., the edge detection, the resolution conversion, and the entropy coding, can realize much superior compression performance than the JPEG and the JPEG-2000. On the compression of the XGA (1024/spl times/768 pixels) images including text, for instance, there exist an overwhelming performance difference of 5 to 40 dB in compressed image quality.

关键词： Image resolution Vector quantization Design methodology Image coding Pixel Learning systems Image edge detection Image converters entropy coding Transform coding

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