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BCH Code-Based Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm in the DWT Domain

BCH Code-Based Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm in the DW...

2010 International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation(2010 智能计算技术与自动化国际会议 ICICTA 2010)

作者： Dongmei WU Shangguo Yang Zuochen WANG Wenhua QIN College of Physics and Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424472796;9780769540771

In this article, a BCH code-based audio watermarking algorithm performed in the discrete wavelet domain is proposed. The watermarking sequence encoded by the BCH technique is embedded in the wavelet coefficient. The technique takes advantage of the error-correction capacity of BCH code to increase the robustness of audio watermarking, consequently diminishes the intensity of watermarking. In addition, a blind watermark detection technique without resorting to the original signal is developed to identify the embedded watermark. Experiment results demonstrate that the watermarked audio has very high perceptual quality, and that the embedded watermark is robust under various types of attacks such as noise, resampling, re-quantiziug ,MP3 encoding ,cutting and etc. by using the proposed technique.

关键词： audio watermarking discrete wavelet transform error correction coding robust BCH code

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Cooperative Multiple Trellis Coded Modulation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2009年第3期57卷 688-696页

作者： Li, Jialing Stefanov, Andrej Polytech Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Brooklyn NY 11201 USA

In this paper, we consider the general design criteria, properties and explicit code design procedures for cooperative multiple trellis coded modulation (CMTCM) schemes over Rayleigh fading channels. The cooperative system of interest utilizes the decode and forward protocol based on orthogonal transmissions from the cooperating terminals to the destination. We design full diversity cooperative multiple trellis codes using asymmetric constellations that at a frame error probability of 10(-3) provide around 10-12 dB gains over non-cooperative coded modulation without sacrificing the data rate and/or bandwidth efficiency. This is achieved by expanding the baseline constellation used in the non-cooperative transmission, designing the signal constellation to be asymmetric, and adopting multiple mappings among users. The consistent performance gains due to coding, asymmetry, and mappings of symbols onto the constellation are evaluated in terms of the frame error probability. We present simulation results that support the theoretical designs and illustrate the viability of the proposed cooperative MTCM technique.

关键词： Diversity methods error correction coding fading channels trellis coded modulation

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Iterative Decoding using Eigenmessages

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2009年第12期57卷 3618-3628页

作者： Moon, Todd K. Crockett, John S. Gunther, Jacob H. Chauhan, Ojas S. Utah State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Logan UT 84322 USA

The eigenmessage approach to iterative decoding introduces a degree of nonlocality into a belief propagation decoder by representing an entire set of messages around a cycle of the Tanner graph as a linear operator. The eigenvector for the operator represents a fixed point of the belief propagation algorithm around a cycle, with incident messages fixed. A multiple eigenmessage approach is also presented, in which messages around several cycles are simultaneously expressed. The eigenmessage approach may be applied to any graph with cycles, but we demonstrate its use on LDPC decoding. In this setting, computational results compare eigenmessage methods with conventional belief propagation decoding showing, using simulation and EXIT charts, that the eigenmessage approaches slightly reduce the number of decoder iterations compared to belief propagation decoding while preserving the probability of error of conventional decoding.

关键词： error correction coding iterative methods decoding eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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Hybrid Optical/RF Channels: Characterization and Performance Study using Low Density Parity Check Codes

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2009年第11期57卷 3288-3297页

作者： Tapse, Hrishikesh Borah, Deva K. New Mexico State Univ Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn Las Cruces NM 88003 USA

A hybrid channel, consisting of a free space optical (FSO) link and a parallel radio frequency (RF) link, is considered. The FSO link carries most of the transmitted data while leaving only a small fraction of the data to be carried by the RF link. It is first shown that the capacity of the proposed hybrid structure is much higher than the capacity of a single FSO link. Next the performance of the hybrid channel is studied using a low density parity check code. A density evolution strategy for the hybrid channel is derived and a Gaussian approximation technique is presented. Using these techniques, the conditions for the convergence of the message passing algorithm in terms of minimum data carrying rate through the RF link are derived. Finally, numerical results showing the benefits of the hybrid channel under various channel conditions are presented.

关键词： error correction coding optical communications on-off keying message passing phase shift keying

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Redundancy Minimizing Techniques for Robust Transmission in Wireless Networks

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JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS 2009年第6期11卷 564-573页

作者： Kacewicz, Anna Wicker, Stephen B. Cornell Univ Sch Elect & Comp Engn Ithaca NY 14853 USA

In this paper, we consider a wireless multiple path network in which a transmitting node would like to send a message to the receiving node with a certain probability of success. These two nodes are separated by N erasure paths, and we devise two algorithms to determine minimum redundancy and optimal symbol allocation for this setup. We discuss the case with N = 3 and then extend the case to an arbitrary number of paths. One of the algorithms minimum redundancy algorithm in exponential time is shown to be optimal in several cases, but has exponential running time. The other algorithm, minimum redundancy algorithm in polynomial time, is sub-optimal but has polynomial worst-case running time. These algorithms are based off the theory of maximum-distance separable codes. We apply the MRAET algorithm on maximum-distance separable, Luby transform, and Raptor codes and compare their performance.

关键词： error correction coding multiple path channels networks redundancy robustness

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A Framework for Energy-Consumption-Based Design Space Exploration for Wireless Sensor Nodes

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2009年第7期28卷 1017-1024页

作者： Chouhan, Sonali Bose, Ranjan Balakrishnan, M. Indian Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn New Delhi 110016 India Indian Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn New Delhi 110016 India

In this paper, we first establish that, in wireless sensor networks, operating over "small" distances, both computation energy and radio energy influence the battery life. In such a scenario, to evaluate the utility of error-correcting codes (ECCs) from an energy perspective, one has to consider the energy consumed in encoding-decoding and transmitting additional "redundant" bits vis-A-vis the energy saved due to coding gain. This paper presents a framework for evaluating various ECCs based on a comprehensive energy model of a sensor node. The framework supports exploration of sensor node design space with application- and deployment-related parameters, like distance, bit error rate, path loss exponent, as well as the modulation scheme and ECC parameters. The exploration results show that, as compared to the uncoded-data transmission, the energy-optimal ECC saves 15%-60% node energy for the given parameters.

关键词： Communication systems design methodology energy management error correction coding modeling

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Block-Based Precoding for Serially Concatenated Codes

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2009年第10期13卷 794-796页

作者： Maunder, Robert G. Hanzo, Lajos Univ Southampton Sch Elect & Comp Sci Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

Precoders have been shown to facilitate iterative decoding convergence towards the Maximum Likelihood (ML) performance in serially concatenated schemes. In this letter, we propose a novel block-based precoder as an alternative to classic convolutional precoders. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the proposed block-based precoder facilitates operation at significantly reduced channel Signal to Noise Ratios (SNRs) in practical schemes, having limited latencies, as well as limited implementational and computational decoding complexities.

关键词： error correction coding block codes convolutional codes trellis codes information rates

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Experimental Demonstration of a Hybrid Link for Mitigating Atmospheric Turbulence Effects in Free-Space Optical Communication

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IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2009年第17期21卷 1196-1198页

作者： Luna, Ricardo Borah, Deva K. Jonnalagadda, Raja Voelz, David G. New Mexico State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Las Cruces NM 88003 USA

Atmospheric turbulence causes severe performance degradation in free-space optical communication links. However, by using a reliable low-bandwidth wireline or RF link in parallel, the performance of such links can be improved significantly. This is achieved by using error correction codes at the transmitter and decoding the received data jointly over the two links at the receiver. Our work describes the feasibility study of such a hybrid link. It is observed that a 10% use of the wireline link can result in more than 8-dB performance gain in the optical link.

关键词： Atmospheric turbulence digital communication error correction coding intensity modulation optical communication

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Molecular Informatics: Hydrogen-Bonding, error-coding, and Genetic Replication

Molecular Informatics: Hydrogen-Bonding, Error-Coding, and G...

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43rd Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems

作者： Mac Donaill, Donall A. Trinity Coll Dublin Sch Chem Dublin D2 Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9781424427338

In the error-coding approach to nucleotide alphabet composition, the recognition features of nucleotides are mapped to 4-bit numbers, capturing the hydrogen acceptor/donor patterns (3-bits) and the purine/pyrimidine size motif (1-bit). From the perspective of fidelity, optimal alphabets are composed of nucleotides in which nucleotide size is related to the hydrogen acceptor/donor pattern as a parity bit. The natural alphabet appears to be a subset of one of two optimal solutions, constrained by a combination of chemical and coding-theory factors. This study reviews the validity of this approach, which depends on how reasonably the interaction energies of potentially associating hydrogen donor/accpetor patterns may be interpreted in terms of logic functions applied to corresponding binary interpretations of the patterns. Some physicochemical challenges and limitations of hydrogen D/A patterns as templates for molecularly encoded information are also considered. These have implications not just for our understanding of the genetic alphabet, but also for the enormous variety of molecular systems exploiting hydrogen D/A patterns for the purpose of recognition and assembly, and which offer, at least in principle, the potential for an alternative basis for encoding and transmitting molecular information

关键词： error correction coding nucleotide alphabet DNA molecular evolution

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BIDIRECTIONAL INTERLEAVERS FOR LDPC DECODERS USING TRANSMISSION GATES

BIDIRECTIONAL INTERLEAVERS FOR LDPC DECODERS USING TRANSMISS...

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IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems (SiPS 2009)

作者： Cushon, Kevin Gross, Warren J. Mannor, Shie McGill Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781424443345

Low-density parity check (LDPC) codes are used for forward error correction in several state-of-the-art and upcoming communications standards. This paper presents a new interleaver architecture for LDPC decoders, especially suitable for multi-mode codes such as IEEE 802.16e (WiMAX) and IEEE 802.1 In (Wi-Fi), that utilizes a bidirectional datapath and shuffle network composed of transmission gates. An implementation of this architecture for IEEE 802.1 In achieves 28% area reduction and similar throughput compared to a unidirectional reference design.

关键词： Parallel architectures error correction coding decoding very-large-scale integration

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