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32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBC 10)

作者： Asadian, Ali Kermani, Mehrdad R. Patel, Rajni V. Univ Western Ontario Canadian Surg Technol & Adv Robot CSTAR London ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441242

In this paper, the interaction force between a surgical needle and soft tissue is studied. The force is modeled using nonlinear dynamics based on a modified LuGre model that captures all stages of needle-tissue interaction including puncture, cutting, and friction forces. An estimation algorithm for identifying the associated parameters is then presented. This approach, which is based on extended Kalman filtering (EKF), enables us to characterize the interaction with a mathematical model in the force domain. It compares the axial force measured at the needle base with its expected value and then adapts the model parameters to represent the actual interaction. To evaluate the performance of our model, experiments were performed on an artificial phantom.

关键词： Kalman filters axial force biological tissues biomechanics compact dynamic force model cutting estimation algorithm estimation theory extended Kalman filtering friction friction forces medical signal processing modified LuGre model needle-tissue interaction nonlinear dynamics phantom phantoms physiological models puncture soft tissue surgery surgical needle

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THE EFFECTS OF NOISE ON MODEL INVERSION FOR THE RETRIEVAL OF FOREST STRUCTURE FROM SAR DATA

THE EFFECTS OF NOISE ON MODEL INVERSION FOR THE RETRIEVAL OF...

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)

作者： Clewley, D. Lucas, R. Moghaddam, M. Bunting, P. Aberystwyth Univ Aberystwyth Dyfed Wales

ISBN: (纸本)9781467311595

The inversion of physics based models presents an alternative to empirical relationships for the retrieval of forest structure from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. A major disadvantage of such techniques is instability in the presence of moderate levels of noise. The effects of noise on the accuracy with which parameters can be retrieved is evaluated in this study under a number of conditions.

关键词： Synthetic Aperture Radar estimation algorithm Forest Structure Biomass

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An Approach of Bayesian Filtering for Stochastic Boolean Dynamic Systems

An Approach of Bayesian Filtering for Stochastic Boolean Dyn...

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26th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC)

作者： Ma, Hongbin Wang, Dong Qi, Hongsheng Fu, Mengyin Beijing Inst Technol Sch Automat Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol State Key lab Intelligent Control & Decis Complex Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Acad Math & Syst Sci Inst Syst Sci Key Lab Syst & Control Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479937066

This paper introduces an approach to estimate the true states for stochastic Boolean dynamic system (SBDS), where the state evolution is governed by Boolean functions with additive binary process noise while the measurement is an arbitrary function of the state yet with additive binary measurement noise. The problem of figuring out the true state using the only available noisy outputs is crucial for practical applications of Boolean dynamic system models, however, for such Boolean systems with wide background, there are no ready-to-use convenient tools like Kahnan filter for linear systems. To resolve this challenging problem, an approach based on Bayesian filtering called Boolean Bayesian Filter (BBF) is put forward to estimate the true states of SBDS, and an efficient algorithm is presented for their exact computation. An index to evaluate the filtering performance, named estimation error rate, is put forward in this paper as well. In addition, extensive simulations via actual examples have illustrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm based on BBF.

关键词： Stochastic Boolean dynamic systems Bayesian filtering estimation algorithm estimation error rate

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Hardware implementation of real time cavity parameters identification system

Hardware implementation of real time cavity parameters ident...

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International Conference on Computer as a Tool (EUROCON 2007)

作者： Czarski, Tomasz Linczuk, Maciej Pozniak, Krzysztof Romaniuk, Ryszard Warsaw Univ Technol Inst Elect Syst Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781424408122

An implementation of Cavity Parameters estimation System (CPES) is presented. Main idea of the CPES is to support the LLRF - Low Level Radio Frequency system for FLASH laser in DESY. Algebraic, complex model of the LLRF system is proposed. For a given model structure the input-output relation of the real plant with unknown parameters is applied. The over-determined matrix equation is created covering the long enough measurement range with a solution according to the least squares method. A base function approximation by cubic B-spline set is applied to estimate the time-varying cavity detuning during the pulse. An implementation in DSP processor of the matrix equation solution and cavity parameters estimation algorithm is presented. A comparison between Matlab and DSP computation error is presented.

关键词： LLRF FLASH DSP estimation algorithm

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Optimal software rejuvenation policy with discounting

Optimal software rejuvenation policy with discounting

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8th Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC 2001)

作者： Dohi, T Danjou, T Okamura, H Hiroshima Univ Dept Informat Engn Higashihiroshima 7398527 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0769514146

Software rejuvenation is a preventive maintenance technique that has been extensively studied in the recent literature. In this paper, we consider a generalized problem to estimate the optimal software rejuvenation schedule. More precisely, the software rejuvenation model is formulated via the semi-Markov process, and the optimal software rejuvenation schedule which minimizes the expected total discounted cost over an infinite time horizon is derived analytically. Further, we develop a statistically non-parametric algorithm to estimate the optimal software rejuvenation schedule, provided that the complete sample data of failure time is given. In numerical examples, we investigate how the discount factor affects the optimal policy and examine an asymptotic property for the statistical estimation algorithm.

关键词： preventive maintenance software rejuvenation cost model semi-Markov process modified TTT statistics estimation algorithm

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Design elements of a small low-cost autonomous underwater vehicle for field experiments in multi-vehicle coordination

Design elements of a small low-cost autonomous underwater ve...

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IEEE/OES Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Conference

作者： Stilwell, DJ Gadre, AS Sylvester, CA Cannell, CJ Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24060 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780385438

Field operations with multiple autonomous underwater vehicles are often expensive and logistically complex, yet the development of decentralized control and estimation algorithms suitable for cooperating autonomous vehicles requires in situ testing and experimentation. Toward the goal of creating a field-deployable testbed for multi-vehicle control and estimation algorithms, a small, inexpensive autonomous underwater vehicle has been developed. Design features of the AUV are presented along with design trade-offs imposed by developing an AUV that is small, inexpensive, yet fully-field deployable.

关键词： underwater vehicles mobile robots decentralised control control system synthesis multi-robot systems multivehicle coordination multiple autonomous underwater vehicle decentralized control estimation algorithm decentralised control Autonomous underwater vehicles underwater vehicles multi-robot systems control system synthesis Mobile robots Design factors field experimentation Field operations In situ tests design features

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Vector Network Analyzer Verification algorithms Using Model with Local Spectrally Selective Components

Vector Network Analyzer Verification Algorithms Using Model ...

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International Siberian Conference on Control and Communications (SIBCON)

作者： Savin, Aleksandr A. Tomsk State Univ Control Syst & Radioelect TUSUR Res Inst Radio Syst Tomsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479971039

This paper presents verification methods for a calibrated vector network analyzer. The methods are based on a special measurement technique and a model simulating residual errors. Each residual signal has its own unknown frequency properties and known parameters (distance). The properties of the signals are extracted from joint estimation algorithms. Four experiments were performed and verified the proposed methods. Software implemented this methods is also developed.

关键词： verification vector network analyzer (VNA) system model Fourier transform estimation algorithm unscented Kalman filter (UKF) least mean squares (LMS) algorithm

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Functional Analysis of Generalized Linear Models Under Nonlinear Constraints with Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applications to the Sciences

Functional Analysis of Generalized Linear Models Under Nonli...

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作者： Chowdhury, K. P. University of California Irvine

学位级别：Ph.D., Doctor of Philosophy

This thesis presents multiple fundamental mathematical contributions to Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) ubiquitous to the sciences. The methodologies considered are shown to overcome biased estimates for parameters of interest in the sciences through new mathematical results and their applications in both nonparametric and parametric settings. The results are shown to be uniformly better in comparison to existing widely used methods in the sciences. In extensive simulation studies the methodologies outperform existing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) methods in the sciences for all around better Model fits, Inference and Prediction (MIP) results without losing interpretability of the parameter estimates. This is because the mathematical construction and their accompanying mathematical foundations ensure that the estimation procedure strongly converges to the parameters of interest. In the first application, I present a parametric version of the methodology (© Elsevier and Journal of Informetrics) titled “Functional analysis of generalized linear models under non-linear constraints with applications to identifying highly-cited papers.” In the second application, I extend this methodology in an entirely nonparametric setting which gives equivalent results to the parametric formulation under various circumstances, but may outperform it as well in others, especially if the underlying Data Generating Process (DGP) is asymmetric. Furthermore, I show that the categorical data models on which the methodologies are applied can be extended to any GLM, continuous or otherwise, while maintaining model interpretability and convergence results. In addition, I present a new prediction performance diagnostic statistic, called Adjusted ROC Statistic (ARS), which allows us to compare whether the prediction performance of various models fitted are statistically different. The nonparametric methodology is then further extended to give a new formulation of the bin

关键词： Adjusted ROC Statistic Generalized Linear Models estimation algorithm

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Feature Extraction of Localized Scattering Centers Using the Modified TLS-Prony algorithm and Its Applications

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2002年第3期13卷 31-39页

作者： Wang Jun Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, P.R.China Institute of Electronic Engineering China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 P. R. China

This paper presents an all-parametric model of radar target in optic region, in which the localized scattering center's frequency and aspect angle dependent scattering level, distance and azimuth locations are modeled as the feature vectors. And the traditional TLS-Prony algorithm is modified to extract these feature vectors. The analysis of Cramer-Rao bound shows that the modified algorithm not only improves the restriction of high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)threshold of traditional TLS-Prony algorithm, but also is suitable to the extraction of big damped coefficients and high-resolution estimation of near separation poles. Finally, an illustrative example is presented to verify its practicability in the applications. The experimental results show that the method developed can not only recognize two airplane-like targets with similar shape at low SNR, but also compress the original radar data with high fidelity.

关键词： Localized scattering centers estimation algorithm Low SNR High resolution.

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estimation of Excitatory Drive from Sparse Motoneuron Sampling

Estimation of Excitatory Drive from Sparse Motoneuron Sampli...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Yao Li Lauren H. Smith Levi J. Hargrove Douglas J. Weber Gerald E. Loeb Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA 90089 Center for Bionic Medicine at the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago and the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Northwestern University Chicago IL USA 60611 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA 15260

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441198

It is possible to replace amputated limbs with mechatronic prostheses, but their operation requires the user’s intentions to be detected and converted into control signals sent to the actuators. Fortunately, the motoneurons (MNs) that controlled the amputated muscles remain intact and capable of generating electrical signals, but these signals are difficult to record. Even the latest microelectrode array technologies and targeted motor reinnervation (TMR) can provide only sparse sampling of the hundreds of motor units that comprise the motor pool for each muscle. Simple rectification and integration of such records is likely to produce noisy and delayed estimates of the actual intentions of the user. We have developed a novel algorithm for optimal estimation of motor pool excitation based on the recruitment and firing rates of a small number (2-10) of discriminated motor units. We first derived the motor estimation algorithm from normal patterns of modulated MN activity based on a previously published model of individual MN recruitment and asynchronous frequency modulation. The algorithm was then validated on a target motor reinnervation subject using intramuscular fine-wire recordings to obtain single motor units.

关键词： replace amputated each muscle estimation algorithm

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