The characteristics of an unknown source of emissions in the atmosphere are identified using an Adaptive evolutionary Strategy (AES) methodology based on ground concentration measurements and a Gaussian plume model. T...
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The characteristics of an unknown source of emissions in the atmosphere are identified using an Adaptive evolutionary Strategy (AES) methodology based on ground concentration measurements and a Gaussian plume model. The AES methodology selects an initial set of source characteristics including position, size, mass emission rate, and wind direction, from which a forward dispersion simulation is performed. The error between the simulated concentrations from the tentative source and the observed ground measurements is calculated. Then the AES algorithm prescribes the next tentative set of source characteristics. The iteration proceeds towards minimum error, corresponding to convergence towards the real source. The proposed methodology was used to identify the source characteristics of 12 releases from the Prairie Grass field experiment of dispersion, two for each atmospheric stability class, ranging from very unstable to stable atmosphere. The AES algorithm was found to have advantages over a simple canonical ES and a Monte Carlo (MC) method which were used as benchmarks. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The development of ultra-intense laser-based sources of high energy ions is an important goal, with a variety of potential applications. One of the barriers to achieving this goal is the need to maximize the conversio...
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The development of ultra-intense laser-based sources of high energy ions is an important goal, with a variety of potential applications. One of the barriers to achieving this goal is the need to maximize the conversion efficiency from laser energy to ion energy. We apply a new approach to this problem, in which we use an evolutionary algorithm to optimize conversion efficiency by exploring variations of the target density profile with thousands of one-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. We then compare this 'optimal' target identified by the one-dimensional PIC simulations to more conventional choices, such as with an exponential scale length pre-plasma, with fully three-dimensional PIC simulations. The optimal target outperforms the conventional targets in terms of maximum ion energy by 20% and show a noticeable enhancement of conversion efficiency to >2 MeV ions. This target geometry enhances laser coupling to the electrons, while still allowing the laser to strongly reflect from an effectively thin target. These results underscore the potential for this statistics-driven approach to guide research into optimizing laser-plasma simulations and experiments.
The performance of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) may heavily depend severely on a suitable choice of parameters such as mutation and crossover rates. Several methods to adjust those parameters have been developed in o...
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The performance of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) may heavily depend severely on a suitable choice of parameters such as mutation and crossover rates. Several methods to adjust those parameters have been developed in order to enhance EA performance. For this purpose, it is important to understand the EA dynamics, i.e., to appreciate the behavior of the population. Hence, this paper presents a new model of population dynamics to describe and predict the diversity in any particular generation. The formulation is based on selecting the probability density function of each individual. The population dynamics proposed is modeled for a generational population. The model was tested in several case studies of different population sizes. The results suggest that the prediction error decreases as the population size increases. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
In this paper, neuro-fuzzy based group method of data handling (NF-GMDH) as an adaptive learning network was utilized to predict the local scour depth at pile groups under clear-water conditions. The NF-GMDH network w...
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In this paper, neuro-fuzzy based group method of data handling (NF-GMDH) as an adaptive learning network was utilized to predict the local scour depth at pile groups under clear-water conditions. The NF-GMDH network was developed using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and gravitational search algorithm (GSA). Effective parameters on the scour depth include bed sediment size, geometric properties, piles spacing, arrangements of pile group, and flow characteristics in upstream of group piles and critical flow condition due to initiation of particles' motion on bed surface. Nine dimensional parameters were considered to define a functional relationship between input and output variables. The NF-GMDH models were carried out using datasets collected from the literature. The efficiency of training stages for both NF-GMDH-PSO and NF-GMDH-GSA models was investigated. Testing results for the NF-GMDH networks were compared with the empirical equations. The NF-GMDH-PSO network produced more efficient performance (R=0.95 and RMSE=0.035) for scour depth prediction compared with the NF-GMDH-GSA model (R=0.94 and RMSE=0.036). The NF-GMDH models indicated quite higher accuracy of scour prediction, compared with the empirical equations (R=0.44 and RMSE = 0.127). Also, the sensitivity analysis indicated that pier diameter was the most significant parameter on scour depth. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
In this paper we provide a review of the current state of research on Portfolio Management with the support of Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs). Second we present a methodological framework for conductin...
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In this paper we provide a review of the current state of research on Portfolio Management with the support of Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs). Second we present a methodological framework for conducting a comprehensive literature review on the Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) for the Portfolio Management. Third, we use this framework to gain an understanding of the current state of the MOEAs for the Portfolio Management research field and fourth, based on the literature review, we identify areas of concern with regard to MOEAs for the Portfolio Management research field. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
One of the main reasons for using parallel evolutionary algorithms (PEAs) is to obtain efficient algorithms with an execution time much lower than that of their sequential counterparts in order, e.g.. to tackle more c...
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One of the main reasons for using parallel evolutionary algorithms (PEAs) is to obtain efficient algorithms with an execution time much lower than that of their sequential counterparts in order, e.g.. to tackle more complex problems. This naturally leads to measuring the speedup of the PEA. PEAs have sometimes been reported to provide super-linear performances for different problems, parameterizations, and machines. Super-linear speedup means that using "m" processors leads to an algorithm that runs more than "m" times faster than the sequential version. However. reporting super-linear speedup is controversial, especially for the "traditional" research community, since some non-orthodox practices could be thought of being the cause for this result. Therefore, we begin by offering a taxonomy for speedup, in order to clarify what is being measured. Also, we analyze the sources for such a scenario in this paper. Finally, we study an assorted set of results. Our conclusion is that super-linear performance is possible for PEAs, theoretically and in practice. both in homogeneous and in heterogeneous parallel machines. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V, All rights reserved.
Models that implement the bio-physical components of agro-ecosystems are ideally suited for exploring sustainability issues in cropping systems. Sustainability may be represented as a number of objectives to be maximi...
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Models that implement the bio-physical components of agro-ecosystems are ideally suited for exploring sustainability issues in cropping systems. Sustainability may be represented as a number of objectives to be maximised or minimised. However, the full decision space of these objectives is usually very large and simplifications are necessary to safeguard computational feasibility. Different optimisation approaches have been proposed in the literature, usually based on mathematical programming techniques. Here, we present a search approach based on a multiobjective evaluation technique within an evolutionary algorithm (EA), linked to the APSIM cropping systems model. A simple case study addressing crop choice and sowing rules in North-East Australian cropping systems is used to illustrate the methodology. Sustainability of these systems is evaluated in terms of economic performance and resource use. Due to the limited size of this sample problem, the quality of the EA optimisation can be assessed by comparison to the full problem domain. Results demonstrate that the EA procedure, parameterised with generic parameters from the literature, converges to a useable solution set within a reasonable amount of time. Frontier "peels" or Pareto-optimal solutions as described by the multiobjective evaluation procedure provide useful information for discussion on trade-offs between conflicting objectives. Crown Copyright (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Markerless Human Motion Capture is the problem of determining the joints' angles of a three-dimensional articulated body model that best matches current and past observations acquired by video cameras. The problem...
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Markerless Human Motion Capture is the problem of determining the joints' angles of a three-dimensional articulated body model that best matches current and past observations acquired by video cameras. The problem of Markerless Human Motion Capture is high-dimensional and requires the use of models witha considerable number of degrees of freedom to appropriately adapt to the human anatomy. Particle filters have become the most popular approach for Markerless Human Motion Capture, despite their difficulty to cope with high-dimensional problems. Although several solutions have been proposed to improve their performance, they still suffer from the curse of dimensionality. As a consequence, it is normally required to impose mobility limitations in the body models employed, or to exploit the hierarchical nature of the human skeleton by partitioning the problem into smaller ones. evolutionary algorithms, though, are powerful methods for solving continuous optimization problems, specially the high-dimensional ones. Yet, few works have tackled Markerless Human Motion Capture using them. This paper evaluates the performance of three of the most competitive algorithms in continuous optimization - Covariance Matrix Adaptation evolutionary Strategy, Differential Evolution and Particle Swarm Optimization - with two of the most relevant particle filters proposed in the literature, namely the Annealed Particle Filter and the Partitioned Sampling Annealed Particle Filter. The algorithms have been experimentally compared in the public dataset HumanEva-I by employing two body models with different complexities. Our work also analyzes the performance of the algorithms in hierarchical and holistic approaches, i.e., with and without partitioning the search space. Non-parametric tests run on the results have shown that: (i) the evolutionary algorithms employed outperform their particle filter counterparts in all the cases tested;(ii) they can deal with high-dimensional models thus leadin
Convection selection is an approach to multipopulational evolutionary algorithms where solutions are assigned to subpopulations based on their fitness values. Although it is known that convection selection can allow t...
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Convection selection is an approach to multipopulational evolutionary algorithms where solutions are assigned to subpopulations based on their fitness values. Although it is known that convection selection can allow the algorithm to find better solutions than it would be possible with a standard single population, the convection approach was not yet compared to other, commonly used architectures of multipopulational evolutionary algorithms, such as the island model. In this paper we describe results of experiments which facilitate such a comparison, including extensive multi-parameter analyses. We show that approaches based on convection selection can obtain better results than the island model, especially for difficult optimization problems such as those existing in the area of evolutionary design. We also introduce and test a generalization of the convection selection which allows for adjustable overlapping of fitness ranges of subpopulations;the amount of overlapping influences the exploration vs. exploitation balance. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
This article presents an empirical study devoted to characterize the computational efficiency behavior of an evolutionary algorithm (usually called canonical) as a C program. The study analyzes the effects of several ...
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This article presents an empirical study devoted to characterize the computational efficiency behavior of an evolutionary algorithm (usually called canonical) as a C program. The study analyzes the effects of several implementation decisions on the execution time of the resulting evolutionary algorithm. The implementation decisions studied include: memory utilization (using dynamic vs. static variables and local vs. global variables), methods for ordering the population, code substitution mechanisms, and the routines for generating pseudorandom numbers within the evolutionary algorithm. The results obtained in the experimental analysis allow us to conclude that significant improvements in efficiency can be gained by applying simple guidelines to best program an evolutionary algorithm in C. Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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