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International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI)

作者： Sreedevi, Paruvelli Hwang, Wen-Liang Acad Sinica Inst Informat Sci Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450311960

We propose a novel single image super-resolution technique that combines an example-based approach and an unsharp mask image enhancement approach in a three-layer Markov network structure. The single image super-resolution problem is formulated as an optimization problem in the Markov network. We derive the maximum-a-posterior (MAP) solution of the problem by an iterative process in which the MAP is the fixed point solution. To evaluate our algorithm, we compare its results with those of state-of-the-art methods and a commercial product.

关键词： Super-resolution example-based Unsharp mask Up-sampling Markov network Fixed point solution

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example-based single document image super-resolution: a global MAP approach with outlier rejection

Example-based single document image super-resolution: a glob...

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International Conference on Superresolution Imaging

作者： Datsenko, Dmitry Elad, Michael Technion Israel Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci IL-32000 Haifa Israel

Regularization plays a vital role in inverse problems, and especially in ill-posed ones. Along with classical regularization techniques based on smoothness, entropy, and sparsity, an emerging powerful regularization is one that leans on image examples. In this paper, we propose an efficient scheme for using image examples as driving a powerful regularization, applied to the image scale-up (super-resolution) problem. In this work, we target specifically scanned documents containing written text, graphics, and equations. Our algorithm starts by assigning per each location in the degraded image several candidate high-quality patches. Those are found as the nearest-neighbors (NN) in an image-database that contains pairs of corresponding low- and high-quality image patches. The found examples are used for the definition of an image prior expression, merged into a global MAP penalty function. We use this penalty function both for rejecting some of the irrelevant outlier examples, and then for reconstructing the desired image. We demonstrate our algorithm on several scanned documents with promising results.

关键词： regularization example-based nearest-neighbor Bayesian reconstruction MMSE MAP outliers K-D tree

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example-based VISUAL OBJECT COUNTING WITH A SPARSITY CONSTRAINT

EXAMPLE-BASED VISUAL OBJECT COUNTING WITH A SPARSITY CONSTRA...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia & Expo (ICME)

作者： Wang, Yi Zou, Y. X. Chen, Jin Huang, Xiaolin Cai, Cheng Peking Univ Sch ECE ADSPLAB ELIP Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Northwest A&F Univ Coll Informat Engn Dept Comp Sci Yangling 712100 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372589

For existing mainstream visual object counting (VOC) methods, training data insufficiency will lead to significant performance degradation. To address this challenge, we propose a novel sparsity-constrained example-based VOC method. Given a test image, its counts are estimated by integrating over its density map, and our method will predict such density map based on patch using training examples. Specifically, image patches and their counterpart density maps generated from annotated training images share similar local geometry on manifolds. Such local geometry can be captured by locally linear embedding (LLE) only when data are well-sampled. However, training data are poorly sampled due to their insufficiency. To handle this problem, we impose sparsity on the local optimization based on LLE, where the chosen examples favor the similar structure of input patches. Extensive experiments on public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and competitiveness of our method by using simple features and a few training images.

关键词： visual object counting example-based locally linear embedding sparsity constraint nearest neighbors

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example-based super-resolution for enhancing spatial resolution of medical images 38

Example-based super-resolution for enhancing spatial resolut...

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38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE-Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBC)

作者： Tran, Dai-Viet Li-Thiao-Te, Sebastien Luong, Marie Le-Tien, Thuong Dibos, Franc Oise Rocchisani, Jean-Marie Univ Paris 13 Lab LAGA Villetaneuse France Univ Paris 13 Lab L2TI Villetaneuse France Hochiminh Univ Technol Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

ISBN: (纸本)9781457702204

This paper proposes an effective exampled-based super-resolution (SR) method to improve the spatial resolution of medical image heavily corrupted by noise. based on the sparsity of patches, the reconstruction of a high-resolution (HR) patch from each low-resolution (LR) input patch can be performed with the help of a database, by solving a non-negative sparse optimization problem. The challenge is to effectively solve this problem in case of a large size database. To cope with this issue, we propose a metric to measure the similarity between image patches based on the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) in order to select only the most similar candidates that will be used in the optimization problem. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of our algorithm over many existing SR methods, especially in case of noise-corrupted LR image.

关键词： example-based super-resolution sparse representation denoising Earth Mover's Distance

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example-based Deformation with Support Joints

Example-based Deformation with Support Joints

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19th International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Computer Vision

作者： Yamanaka, Kentaro Yano, Akane Morishima, Shigeo Waseda Univ Shinjuku Ku 3-4-1 Okubo Tokyo 1698555 Japan Waseda Univ Tokyo Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9788086943824

In character animation field, many deformation techniques have been proposed. example-based deformation methods are widely used especially for interactive applications. example-based methods are mainly divided into two types. One is Interpolation. Methods in this type are designed to interpolate examples in a pose space. The advantage is that the deformed meshes can precisely correspond to the example meshes. On the other hand, the disadvantage is that larger number of examples is needed to generate arbitrary plausible interpolated meshes between each example. The other is example-based Skinning which optimizes particular parameters referencing examples to represent example meshes as accurately as possible. These methods provide plausible deformations with fewer examples. However they cannot perfectly depict example meshes. In this paper, we present an idea that combines techniques belonging to the two types, taking advantages of both types. We propose an example-based skinning method to be combined with Pose Space Deformation (PSD). It optimizes transformation matrices in Skeleton Subspace deformation (SSD) introducing "support joints". Our method itself generates plausible intermediate meshes with a small set of examples as well as other example-based skinning methods. Then we explain the benefit of combining our method with PSD. We show that provided examples are precisely represented and plausible deformations at arbitrary poses are obtained by our integrated method.

关键词： example-based skinning deformation pose space deformation PSD skeletal-subspace deformation SSD support joints

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Application of example-based Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for Analysis and Interpretation of Medical Imaging: A Systematic Review

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IEEE ACCESS 2024年 12卷 26419-26427页

作者： Fontes, Miguel de Almeida, Joao Dallyson Sousa Cunha, Antonio Inst Syst & Comp Engn Technol & Sci P-4200465 Porto Portugal Univ Tras os Montes & Alto Douro Sch Sci & Technol P-5000801 Vila Real Portugal Fed Univ Maranhao UFMA Appl Comp Grp BR-65080805 Sao Luis Maranhao Brazil

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is an area of growing interest, particularly in medical imaging, where example-based techniques show great potential. This paper is a systematic review of recent example-based XAI techniques, a promising approach that remains relatively unexplored in clinical practice and medical image analysis. A selection and analysis of recent studies using example-based XAI techniques for interpreting medical images was carried out. Several approaches were examined, highlighting how each contributes to increasing accuracy, transparency, and usability in medical applications. These techniques were compared and discussed in detail, considering their advantages and limitations in the context of medical imaging, with a focus on improving the integration of these technologies into clinical practice and medical decision-making. The review also pointed out gaps in current research, suggesting directions for future investigations. The need to develop XAI methods that are not only technically efficient but also ethically responsible and adaptable to the needs of healthcare professionals was emphasised. Thus, the paper sought to establish a solid foundation for understanding and advancing example-based XAI techniques in medical imaging, promoting a more integrated and patient-centred approach to medicine.

关键词： Explainable AI Medical diagnostic imaging Artificial intelligence Systematics Medical services Reliability Prototypes Biomedical imaging Explainable artificial intelligence XAI example-based explanations by example medical imaging

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Interactive example-based Urban Layout Synthesis

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON GRAPHICS 2008年第5期27卷 1-10页

作者： Aliaga, Daniel G. Vanegas, Carlos A. Benes, Bedrich Purdue Univ W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

We present an interactive system for synthesizing urban layouts by example. Our method simultaneously performs both a structure-based synthesis and an image-based synthesis to generate a complete urban layout with a plausible street network and with aerial-view imagery. Our approach uses the structure and image data of real-world urban areas and a synthesis algorithm to provide several high-level operations to easily and interactively generate complex layouts by example. The user can create new urban layouts by a sequence of operations such as join, expand, and blend without being concerned about low-level structural details. Further, the ability to blend example urban layout fragments provides a powerful way to generate new synthetic content. We demonstrate our system by creating urban layouts using example fragments from several real-world cities, each ranging from hundreds to thousands of city blocks and parcels.

关键词： example-based texture and image synthesis procedural modeling content-aware image editing

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Caricature synthesis with feature deviation matching under example-based framework

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VISUAL COMPUTER 2019年第5期35卷 653-666页

作者： Li, Honglin Toyoura, Masahiro Mao, Xiaoyang Univ Yamanashi Kofu Yamanashi 4008511 Japan

example-based caricature synthesis techniques have been attracting large attentions for being able to generate attractive caricatures of various styles. This paper proposes a new example-based caricature synthesis system using a feature deviation matching method as a cross-modal distance metric. It employs the deviation values from average features across different feature spaces rather than the values of features themselves to search for similar components from caricature examples directly. Compared with traditional example-based systems, the proposed system can generate various styles of caricatures without requiring paired photograph-caricature example databases. The newly designed features can effectively capture visual characteristics of the hairstyles and facial components in input portrait images. In addition, this system can control the exaggeration of individual facial components and provide several similarity-based candidates to satisfy users' different preferences. Experiments are conducted to prove the above ideas.

关键词： Caricature synthesis example-based Cross-modal distance metric Feature deviation matching

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An example-based approach to 3D man-made object reconstruction from line drawings

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PATTERN RECOGNITION 2016年 60卷 543-553页

作者： Zou, Changqing Xue, Tianfan Peng, Xiaojiang Li, Honghua Zhang, Baochang Tan, Ping Liu, Jianzhuang Hengyang Normal Univ Hengyang Hunan Peoples R China Simon Fraser Univ Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA Shandong Univ Jinan Lixia Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Automat Sci & Elect Engn Beijing Peoples R China Huawei Technol Co Ltd Shenzhen Peoples R China

3D reconstruction from a single 2D line drawing is an important but challenging problem" in computer vision. Existed methods usually fail when line drawings contain large degree of noise named sketch errors. In this paper, we present an example-based approach to reconstructing 3D object, either planar or curved, from a single-view line drawing with sketch errors. Our method is to first decompose the input line drawing into primitive components and cluster them into local groups, then turn each group into 3D shapes via a novel example-based algorithm, and lastly integrate those recovered 3D shapes from all groups to build a final complete 3D model. Comprehensive experiments on a wide range of line drawings depicting man-made objects show that the proposed approach outperform previous work, especially for line drawings containing large degree of sketch errors. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D reconstruction example-based Line drawing Probabilistic graphical model

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Face hallucination using example-based regularization

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MACHINE LEARNING AND CYBERNETICS 2013年第6期4卷 693-701页

作者： Zhao, Hong Lu, Yao Beijing Inst Technol Sch Comp Sci Beijing Lab Intelligent Informat Technol Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Coll Math & Comp Sci Baoding 071002 Peoples R China

Face super-resolution is to synthesize a high resolution facial image from a low resolution input, which can significantly improve the recognition for computer and human. Regularization plays a vital role in ill-posed problems. The use of examples becomes much more effective when handling narrow family of images, such as face images. A properly chosen regularization can direct the solution toward a better quality outcome. An emerging powerful regularization is one that leans on image examples. This paper proposed a face hallucination method using example-based regularization. The work is specially targeted at improving the quality of high magnification. Our work follows the pyramid framework and assigns several high-quality candidate patches for each location in the degraded image. All problematic examples are rejected by defining an error function which embodies the example-based regularization. After repeated pruning, the reconstruction is done when there is only one candidate patch left in each location. The encouraging experimental results provide some hints that our approach is effective.

关键词： Image super-resolution Face hallucination example-based Regularization

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