Inner Product Masking (IPM) is a generalization of several masking schemes including the Boolean one to protect cryptographic implementation against side-channel analysis. The core competitiveness of IPM is that it pr...
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Inner Product Masking (IPM) is a generalization of several masking schemes including the Boolean one to protect cryptographic implementation against side-channel analysis. The core competitiveness of IPM is that it provides higher side-channel resistance than Boolean masking with the same number of shares. In this paper, we follow a coding theoretic approach and categorize all linear codes of IPM with n = 2 shares over the finite field F-28 in terms of side-channel resistance. We focus on 2-share masking schemes, as they provide, at bit-level, as high as 3rd-order security (much higher than the 1st-order security of Boolean masking). We present the optimal codes for IPM in the sense of side-channel resistance assessed by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the mutual information (MI). We also show that IPM with equivalent linear codes have comparable level of side-channel resistance. Furthermore, we take the Best Known Linear codes into consideration for comparison. The numerical results of SNR and MI confirm the effectiveness of our proposal for categorizing.
The aim was to extend the linguistic, social and cognitive aspects of communication skills. The method was to use meaningful contexts and to attribute new significance to errors. Methods used were phonetic games (to i...
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The aim was to extend the linguistic, social and cognitive aspects of communication skills. The method was to use meaningful contexts and to attribute new significance to errors. Methods used were phonetic games (to improve speech production) and exercises (to increase reading and writing skills). The results after 18 months of group rehabilitation are presented. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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