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Software-hardware embedded system reliability modeling with failure dependency and masked data

COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 2023年 186卷

作者： Zheng, Zhoutao Yang, Jianfeng Huang, Jiayue Guizhou Univ Sch Math & Stat Guiyang 550025 Peoples R China Guizhou Inst Technol Sch Data Sci Guiyang 550003 Peoples R China Guizhou Univ Guiyang 550025 Peoples R China Guian Kechuang Supercomp Power Algorithm Lab Guiyang 550025 Peoples R China

Traditional system reliability models often ignore failure dependency between subsystems and the existence of system failure masked data, thereby they can't accurately reflect the reliability modeling analysis of the whole system. This paper investigates an embedded system that comprises software subsystems and hardware sub-systems. In order to more accurately assess the embedded system's reliability, we proposed a reliability super-position model of the software-hardware system with masked data and failure dependency. In the model, the influence of masked failure data and failure dependency between the hardware subsystem and software sub-system is considered in system reliability evaluation, and the influence of fault dependence is solved by Copula function. Estimating the parameters of this model is a challenging task due to the complexity of the parameters. With regards to this, we proposed an immune particle swarm optimization algorithm with enhanced learning ability (IPSO-ELA), which is used to calculate the parameter's estimation. Additionally, we investigated the impact of varying degrees of failure dependence on system reliability. Finally, the numerical experiment shown that the proposed model, which considers failure dependency among subsystems, outperforms other reliability models that do not. It can be seen from the experimental fitting results and the reliability trend charts that the system reliability when failure dependence is considered is higher than isn't considered, which is more realistic.

关键词： System reliability failure dependency Masked data Copula function IPSO-ELA algorithm

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failure dependency-based Protection for Multi-Segment Fiber-Wireless（FiWi） Access Network

Failure Dependency-based Protection for Multi-Segment Fiber-...

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2018中国信息通信大会(CICC2018)

作者： Yejun Liu Lei Guo Yinpeng Yu School of Communication and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Smart Systems Lab School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University SINOCHEM COMMERCE CO. LTD.

Survivability is one of the key issues for next generation optical access network,since network component failure may interrupt many high-rate traffic *** a promising optical access technology,Fiber-Wireless（FiWi）access network has been widely acknowledged as a cost-efficient solution for the survivable *** FiWi,the wireless front-end can protect the optical back-end by wirelessly ***,in the multi-segment FiWi,where different segments are usually far away from each other,it may be impossible to protect FiWi against segment failure（caused by feeder fiber cut）by wirelessly rerouting because the wireless path will be unavailable between different *** approaches were proposed to protect passive optical network by deploying backup fibers,which have been extended to multi-segment ***,most of the previous works ignore the failure dependency of different fiber links,e.g.,Shared-Risk Link Group（SRLG）,which may lead to the simultaneous failures of multiple *** this paper,we focus on the survivability of multi-segment FiWi against single SRLG failure,which is a typical and notable failure scenario in multi-segment FiWi network,and propose a new protection scheme called Backup Resource Configuration based on failure dependency（BRCFD）.A failure probability model is proposed to estimate the failure probability of each single segment and the failure dependency of each segment *** BRCFD,we deal with the full protection of each segment whose failure probability exceeds the specified threshold,aiming to minimize the consumption of backup capacity and the deployment cost of backup *** the constraint of failure dependency,both Integer Linear Programming（ILP）approach and heuristic approach are proposed for the optimization of allocating backup capacity and deploying backup fibers in *** results demonstrate that our BRCFD scheme can effectively reduce the consumption of backup *** is also scalable

关键词： Backup capacity backup fiber failure dependency Fiber-Wireless（FiWi） survivability

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Time-dependent reliability analysis for a herringbone planetary gear set with failure dependency under random loads

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JOURNAL OF VIBROENGINEERING 2015年第6期17卷 2933-2946页

作者： Liao, Ying-hua Qin, Da-tong Liu, Chang-zhao Chongqing Univ State Key Lab Mech Transmiss Chongqing 400044 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Sci & Engn Sch Mech Engn Zigong 643000 Sichuan Peoples R China

A gear-bearing coupling dynamic model that includes bearing stiffness, mesh stiffness and mesh errors for a herringbone planetary gear set (HPGS) is proposed. The proposed model is used to predict the random stress process of the gears and bearings along with Monte Carlo simulation, when the effects of tooth surface wear on meshing errors are considered. A calculation model for the random strength process is derived by applying the linear fatigue damage criterion and regarding the Poisson random process as a counting process of the random stress. Assuming that the stress and strength are random processes, a time-dependent reliability model for HPGS with failure dependency is proposed to predict the time-dependent reliability of HPGS based on the failure mode groups that are obtained by the correlation coefficient. The results show that, the meshing errors caused by the tooth surface wear, make the dynamic loads and failure dependency of the parts of HPGS gradually increase over service time. At the same time the fatigue damage, which is caused by the load action, makes the strength of parts of HPGS gradually decrease over service time. Therefore the reliability of HPGS quickly decreases over service time. If the shafts of the planets and sun gear are free in their axial direction, the failure dependency of the parts will significantly decrease, and the reliability of a herringbone planetary gear set will significantly be improved.

关键词： herringbone planetary gearset failure dependency strength degradation tooth surface wear random process time-dependent reliability

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failure dependency-based Protection Scheme for Multi-Segment Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) Access Network

Failure Dependency-based Protection Scheme for Multi-Segment...

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2014 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China - Workshops (CIC/ICCC)

作者： Liu, Yejun Guo, Lei Han, Pengchao Yu, Yinpeng Northeastern Univ Coll Informat Sci & Engn Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479941469

Survivability is an urgent issue for the deployment of multi-segment (Fiber-Wireless) FiWi access network due to its larger network scale and various failure scenarios. Some approaches were proposed to protect passive optical network by deploying backup fibers, which have been extended to multi-segment FiWi. However, most of the previous works ignore the failure dependency of different fiber links, e.g., Shared-Risk Link Group (SRLG), which may lead to the simultaneous failures of multiple segments. In this paper, we focus on the survivability of multi-segment FiWi against single SRLG failure and propose a new protection scheme called Backup Resource Configuration based on failure dependency(BRCFD). A failure probability model is proposed to estimate the failure probability of each single segment and the failure dependency of each segment pair. In BRCFD, we deal with the full protection of each segment whose failure probability exceeds the specified threshold, aiming to minimize the consumption of backup capacity and the deployment cost of backup fibers. Simulation results demonstrate that our BRCFD scheme can effectively reduce the consumption of backup resource.

关键词： backup capacity backup fiber failure dependency Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) survivability

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Estimating Worst Case failure dependency with Partial Knowledge of the Difficulty Function 1

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33rd International Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security (SAFECOMP)

作者： Bishop, Peter Strigini, Lorenzo City Univ London Ctr Software Reliabil London EC1V 0HB England Adelard LLP London England

ISBN: (数字)9783319105062

ISBN: (纸本)9783319105062;9783319105055

For systems using software diversity, well-established theories show that the expected probability of failure on demand (pfd) for two diverse program versions failing together will generally differ from what it would be if they failed independently. This is explained in terms of a "difficulty function" that varies between demands on the system. This theory gives insight, but no specific prediction unless we have some means to quantify the difficulty function. This paper presents a theory leading to a worst case measure of "average failure dependency" between diverse software, given only partial knowledge of the difficulty function. It also discusses the possibility of estimating the model parameters, with one approach based on an empirical analysis of previous systems implemented as logic networks, to support pre-development estimates of expected gain from diversity. The approach is illustrated using a realistic safety system example.

关键词： Safety software reliability fault tolerance failure dependency software diversity difficulty function

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Improved Kriging-based hierarchical collaborative approach for multi-failure dependent reliability assessment

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE 2022年 160卷 106842-106842页

作者： Deng, Ke Song, Lu-Kai Bai, Guang-Chen Li, Xue-Qin Beihang Univ Sch Energy & Power Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Res Inst Aeroengine Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

Reliability assessment considering multi-failure dependency brings in highly complex computing tasks, which is impracticable for some complex structures like turbine cooling blades. To efficiently investigate the failure dependency between multiple frail sites and multiple failure modes, an improved Kriging (IK) model is first established by optimizing model parameters with dynamic hybrid ant colony optimal algorithm, and the IK-based hierarchical collaborative (IK-HC) method is further developed by absorbing the advantages of IK model into HC strategy. Based on the multidimensional Copula function with dependency capture power and the IK-HC method with high-fidelity computing power, the multi-failure dependent reliability framework is first built. The computing efficiency and accuracy of the proposed IK-HC method are pre-verified by several numerical cases, and the method is applied to the multi-site (i.e., blade root, front edge) multi-mode (i.e., low-cycle fatigue, creep fatigue) failure dependent reliability assessment of a high-pressure turbine cooling blades. Method comparisons reveal that the proposed method can perform the multi-failure dependent reliability assessment with high accuracy and efficiency.

关键词： Turbine cooling blade failure dependency Kriging model Reliability assessment Aeroengine

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failure dependency-based Protection Scheme for Multi-Segment Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) Access Network

Failure Dependency-based Protection Scheme for Multi-Segment...

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IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China

作者： Yejun Liu Lei Guo Pengchao Han Yinpeng Yu Coll. of Inf. Sci. & Eng. Northeastern Univ. Shenyang China

Survivability is an urgent issue for the deployment of multi-segment (Fiber-Wireless) FiWi access network due to its larger network scale and various failure scenarios. Some approaches were proposed to protect passive optical network by deploying backup fibers, which have been extended to multi-segment FiWi. However, most of the previous works ignore the failure dependency of different fiber links, e.g., Shared-Risk Link Group (SRLG), which may lead to the simultaneous failures of multiple segments. In this paper, we focus on the survivability of multi-segment FiWi against single SRLG failure and propose a new protection scheme called Backup Resource Configuration based on failure dependency (BRCFD). A failure probability model is proposed to estimate the failure probability of each single segment and the failure dependency of each segment pair. In BRCFD, we deal with the full protection of each segment whose failure probability exceeds the specified threshold, aiming to minimize the consumption of backup capacity and the deployment cost of backup fibers. Simulation results demonstrate that our BRCFD scheme can effectively reduce the consumption of backup resource.

关键词： optical fibre networks radio access networks telecommunication network reliability BRCFD SRLG failure backup resource configuration based on failure dependency failure dependency-based protection scheme failure probability model fiber-wireless access network multisegment FiWi access network shared-risk link group Optical fiber cables Optical fibers Optical network units Passive optical networks Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) backup capacity backup fiber failure dependency survivability

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Deep reinforcement learning for condition-based maintenance planning of multi-component systems under dependent competing risks

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RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY 2020年 203卷 107094-107094页

作者： Zhang, Nailong Si, Wujun Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co New York NY 10010 USA Wichita State Univ Dept Ind Syst & Mfg Engn Wichita KS 67260 USA

Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) planning for multi-component systems has been receiving increasing attention in recent years. Most existing research on CBM assumes that preventive maintenances should be conducted when the degradations of system components reach specific threshold levels upon inspection. However, the search of optimal maintenance threshold levels is often efficient for low-dimensional CBM but becomes challenging if the number of components gets large, especially when those components are subject to complex dependencies. To overcome the challenge, in this paper we propose a novel and flexible CBM model based on a customized deep reinforcement learning for multi-component systems with dependent competing risks. Both stochastic and economic dependencies among the components are considered. Specifically, different from the threshold-based decision making paradigm used in traditional CBM, the proposed model directly maps the multi-component degradation measurements at each inspection epoch to the maintenance decision space with a cost minimization objective, and the leverage of deep reinforcement learning enables high computational efficiencies and thus makes the proposed model suitable for both low and high dimensional CBM. Various numerical studies are conducted for model validations.

关键词： Maintenance Markov decision process Deep Q network failure dependency Cost minimization

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A dynamic reliability assessment methodology of gear transmission system of wind turbine

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ENGINEERING COMPUTATIONS 2020年第8期37卷 2685-2710页

作者： Liu, Huahan Dong, Qiang Jiang, Wei CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd R&D Ctr Qingdao Peoples R China Shan Dong Jiaotong Univ Sch Mech Engn Jinan Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn Dalian Peoples R China

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a new methodology, used for dynamic reliability analysis of a gear transmission system (GTS) of wind turbine (WT), which could be used for assembly decision-making of the parts with errors to improve the GTS's performance. Design/methodology/approach This paper involves the dynamic and dynamic reliability analysis of a GTS. The history curves of dynamic responses of the parts are obtained with the developed gear-bearing coupling dynamic model considering the random errors, failure dependency and random load. Then, the surrogate models of the mean and standard deviation of responses are presented by statistics, rain flow counting method and corrected-partial least squares regression response surface method. Further, a novel dynamic reliability model based on the maximum extreme theory, a theory of sequential statistics, equivalent principles and the inverse transform theory of random variable sampling, is developed to overcome the limitations of traditional methods. Findings The dynamic reliability of GTS considering the different impact factors are evaluated. The proposed reliability methodology not only overcomes the limitations associated with traditional approaches but also provides good guidance to assembly the parts in a GTS to its best performance. Originality/value Instead of constant errors, this paper considers the randomness of the impact factors to develop the dynamic reliability model. Further, instead of the limitation of the normal distribution of the random parameters in the traditional method, the proposed methodology can deal with the problems with non-normal distribution parameters, which is more suitable for the real engineering problems.

关键词： Wind turbine Dynamic reliability failure dependency Gear transmission Random errors

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Multi-objective optimization in redundant system considering load sharing

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RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY 2019年 181卷 17-27页

作者： de Paula, Cassio Pereira Visnadi, Lais Bittencourt de Castro, Helio Fiori Univ Estadual Campinas Sch Mech Engn Campinas SP Brazil

Reliability allocation problem (RAP) deals with the dilemma between reliability (or availability) increase and some undesirable consequences, as an increase in cost. Therefore, new installations or maintenance investments should be optimally allocated to maximize the reliability (or availability), considering all restrictions. This paper proposes a solution for the RAP problem, taking into account failure dependency among redundant components. Because of that, a stochastic approach, based on Markov Chain, is applied. The multi-objective problem is solved with NSGA-II (Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II), assuming availability and overall costs as objective functions. Two examples are tested with the proposed approach. The first case is a hypothetical system with 5 subsystems in series. The second example is a real industrial application. In both cases, a Pareto front is obtained, allowing an analysis of viable solutions to be adopted. Additionally, the failure dependency effect is also present in the optimization results. Therefore, it is possible to investigate the influence on the system availability and final cost.

关键词： Availability Markov Chain failure dependency NSGA-II Multi-objective optimization

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