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Approximation of complex coefficient filters

AEU-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS 2025年 197卷

作者： Nako, Julia Tsirimokou, Georgia Psychalinos, Costas Elwakil, Ahmed S. Univ Patras Dept Phys Elect Lab GR-26504 Patras Greece Univ Ioannina Dept Comp Sci & Engn GR-45110 Ioannina Greece Univ Sharjah Dept Elect Engn POB 27272 Sharjah U Arab Emirates Nile Univ Nanoelect Integrated Syst Ctr NISC Giza Egypt Univ Calgary Dept Elect & Software Engn Calgary AB Canada

This work presents approximations of two classes of complex filters, those with complex poles only and those with both complex poles and zeros. The approximation of these complex coefficient filter is based on a curve-fitting technique, where the magnitude response of the filters is approximated to a rational integer-order transfer function. The proposed approximation method is validated through MATLAB simulations and is experimentally verified using a field programmable analog array (FPAA) device, which offers digital programmability.

关键词： Complex filters Complex coefficient transfer functions analog filters analog signal processing field programmable analog array

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Non-integer-order exponential filters: definitions in the time-domain and frequency-domain

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NONLINEAR DYNAMICS 2025年 1-14页

作者： Nako, Julia Psychalinos, Costas Elwakil, Ahmed S. Univ Patras Dept Phys Elect Lab GR-26504 Rion Greece Univ Sharjah Dept Elect Engn POB 27272 Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Calgary Dept Elect & Software Engn Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada Nile Univ Nanoelect Integrated Syst Ctr NISC Giza 12677 Egypt

Integer and non-integer-order exponential filters defined in both the time and frequency-domains are investigated in this work. These filters are then approximated utilizing a curve-fitting method leading to a rational integer-order approximating transfer function. The accuracy of the approximation of the exponential filters is confirmed through experimental results obtained using a field programmable analog array device. A real life application example is also provided, where one of the presented filters is employed for denoising an electrocardiogram signal.

关键词： analog filters Gaussian filters Exponential filters Fractional-order filters Power-law filters Impulse response field programmable analog array

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analog filters based on the Mittag-Leffler functions

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 2025年 233卷

作者： Allagui, Anis Elwakil, Ahmed S. Nako, Julia Psychalinos, Costas Univ Sharjah Dept Sustainable & Renewable Energy Engn POB 27272 Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Dept Elect & Comp Engn Miami FL 33174 USA Univ Sharjah Dept Elect Engn POB 27272 Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Calgary Dept Elect & Software Engn Calgary AB Canada Nile Univ Nanoelect Integrated Syst Ctr NISC Giza Egypt Univ Patras Dept Phys Elect Lab GR-26504 Patras Greece

We propose and study anew class of filters (named hereinafter the Mittag-Leffler filters) based on the MittagLeffler function E alpha,beta(z) in its single-parameter or double-parameter forms by transposing its argument to the frequency-domain;i.e. z = -s = -jco. A unique feature of these filters is that their impulse response is a Gaussian-like (delta-like) deformed and delayed impulse function for which we derive exact expressions using the H-Fox function. We also study the frequency response of this class of filters and obtain lower-order, realizable integer-order approximations of its transfer functions. A second-order curve-fitting approximation is then used to perform experimental results using a field programmable analog array platform to verify the theory.

关键词： analog signal processing Mittag-Leffler function Fractional-order filters Dirac delta function field programmable analog array

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Approximation of First-Order Complex Resonators in the Frequency-Domain

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IEEE ACCESS 2025年 13卷 54494-54503页

作者： Nako, Julia Tsirimokou, Georgia Psychalinos, Costas Elwakil, Ahmed S. Univ Patras Dept Phys Elect Lab Patras 26504 Greece Univ Ioannina Dept Comp Sci & Engn Ioannina 45110 Greece Univ Sharjah Dept Elect Engn Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Calgary Dept Elect & Software Engn Alberta AB T2N 1N4 Canada Nile Univ Nanoelect Integrated Syst Ctr NISC Giza 3242020 Egypt

A novel approach for implementing first-order complex filters without the requirement of two separate signal paths, for the real and imaginary parts of the transfer function, is introduced in this work. This is achieved by employing a curve-fitting based method to approximate both the gain and phase responses of the prototype complex filter. The resulting rational integer-order transfer function can be realized using conventional filter design techniques. The behavior of the proposed complex resonator configuration is evaluated through experimental results, derived using a field programmable analog array (FPAA) device. An application example is provided, in which the complex resonator is employed to extract vowels from the corresponding glottal pulse trains.

关键词： analog filters analog signal processing complex filters complex resonators formant filters speech signal processing field programmable analog array

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Reduced Complexity Approximation and Design of Gaussian Impulse Response Filters and Wavelets

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IEEE ACCESS 2024年 12卷 160064-160073页

作者： Nako, Julia Tsirimokou, Georgia Psychalinos, Costas Elwakil, Ahmed S. Maundy, Brent J. Bertsias, Panagiotis Univ Patras Dept Phys Elect Lab Patras 26504 Greece Univ Ioannina Dept Comp Sci & Engn Ioannina 45110 Greece Univ Sharjah Dept Elect Engn Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Calgary Dept Elect & Software Engn Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada Nile Univ Nanoelect Integrated Syst Ctr NISC Giza 12677 Egypt

A systematic method for realizing filters with a Gaussian impulse response is introduced in this work. For this purpose, the Laplace transform is used to obtain the transfer function which corresponds to the Gaussian impulse response. Since this transfer function has an exponential term, a rational integer- order approximating transfer function is derived by employing a curve-fitting based method applied on both gain and phase responses of the original transfer function. This concept is also applied on the derivatives of the Gaussian impulse response, leading to wavelet filter transfer functions. The findings in this work are supported by both simulation and experimental results using the Cadence IC design suite as well as a field programmable analog array (FPAA) platform.

关键词： Filters Transfer functions Time-domain analysis Time-frequency analysis Complexity theory Wavelet transforms Low-pass filters Frequency response Laplace equations field programmable analog arrays analog filters analog signal processing Gaussian filters operational transconductance amplifiers field programmable analog array

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A systematic approach for the design of linear filters and oscillators employing tree representation

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analog INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2021年第1期108卷 181-203页

作者： Datta, Debanjana Bhanja, Mousumi Banerjee, Ayan Ray, Baidyanath Indian Inst Engn Sci & Technol IIEST Dept Elect & Telecommun Engn ETCE Howrah 711103 W Bengal India Pailan Coll Management & Technol Dept ECE Kolkata W Bengal India

In this paper, a block based systematic approach for synchronous design of linear filters and oscillators through full design space exploration is presented, which exploits inherent hierarchical property of tree. To bridge the gap between system specification and hardware structure of analog system, transfer function of linear filter and characteristic equation of oscillator have been modeled using a rooted tree, formed based on the characteristics of four basic building blocks. A hardware conversion algorithm has been used to map the paths of the tree into operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) based circuits, implementing both programmable linear filter and oscillator. Twenty seven distinct architectures for filters and oscillators are generated. The proposed approach is also compatible with field programmable analog array (FPAA), as demonstrated by mapping the generated circuits into a hexagonal FPAA.

关键词： Linear filter Oscillator Operational transconductance amplifier Biquadratic structure field programmable analog array

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Design of Complex-Order PI/PID Speed Controllers and its FPAA Realization

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IEEE ACCESS 2023年 11卷 118606-118614页

作者： George, Mary Ann Elwakil, Ahmed S. Allagui, Anis Psychalinos, Costas Manipal Acad Higher Educ MAHE Sch Engn & IT Dubai U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Res Inst Sci & Engn Ctr Adv Mat Res Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Sharjah Dept Elect & Comp Engn Sharjah U Arab Emirates Nile Univ Nanoelect Integrated Syst Ctr NISC Giza 12677 Egypt Univ Calgary Dept Elect & Software Engn Alberta AB T2N 1N4 Canada Univ Sharjah Dept Sustainable & Renewable Energy Engn Sharjah U Arab Emirates Florida Int Univ Dept Mech & Mat Engn Miami FL 33174 USA Univ Patras Dept Phys Elect Lab Patras 26504 Greece

Complex-order controllers are a generalized version of conventional integer-order controllers and are known to offer greater flexibility, better robustness, and improved system performance. This paper discusses the design of complex-order PI/PID controllers to control the speed of an induction motor drive and an electric vehicle. The speed-tracking performance of the complex-order controllers is compared with fractional-order controllers and conventional integer-order controllers. Implementing complex-order controllers is challenging due to commercial complex-order fractance element unavailability. Hence, it is carried out by approximating the complex-order controller transfer function using an integer-order rational function with a curve-fitting approach, namely the Sanathanan Koener (SK) iterative method. This method is quite simple and can fit the required frequency range compared to the conventional Matsuda and Oustaloup approaches. The approximated controller transfer function can easily be realized by employing the AN231E04 field programmable analog array (FPAA). Simulation and experimental results highlight that the controller behaviour is in good agreement with the theoretical expectations.

关键词： Complex-order controllers speed control field programmable analog array fractional-order systems

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Adjustable resonator and anti-resonator designs for speech signal processing

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AEU-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS 2024年 183卷

作者： Nako, Julia Tsirimokou, Georgia Psychalinos, Costas Univ Patras Dept Phys Elect Lab GR-26504 Patras Greece Univ Ioannina Dept Comp Sci & Engn GR-45110 Ioannina Greece

Novel structures with adjustable characteristics, capable of performing the process where the vowel waveform is derived from a pulse train produced by the vibrating vocal folds and vice versa, are introduced in this work. Various design techniques are exploited to implement the required resonator and anti -resonator stages. The offered design flexibility and versatility are achieved through the employment of suitable active elements which offer electronically controlled characteristics in the resonator and anti -resonator stages, such as the Operational Transconductance Amplifiers, or through the employment of stages where their frequency behavior is digitally programmed, such as the Configurable analog Modules included in a field programmable analog array device. The provided post -layout simulation and experimental results confirm the correct operation of the introduced structures in both the frequency and time domains.

关键词： analog filters Inverse filters Formant filters Peak filters field programmable analog array Operational Transconductance Amplifiers Speech signal processing

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Multiple perspectives on the hardware implementations of biological neuron models and programmable design aspects

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TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCES 2016年第3期24卷 1729-1746页

作者： Korkmaz, Nimet Ozturk, Ismail Kilic, Recai Erciyes Univ Fac Engn Dept Elect & Elect Engn Kayseri Turkey

A few individual design examples of programmable device-based biological neuron model implementations are available in the literature, but there is no comprehensive study that examines analog and digital programmable design examples of frequently studied biological neuron model implementations. The aim of this paper is to present a comparative study about programmable and reconfigurable implementations of the FitzHugh-Nagumo, Izhikevich, and Hindmarsh-Rose neuron models. Since field programmable analog array (FPAA) and field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices offer several advantages such as flexible design possibilities, reduction of the complexity of design, real-time modification, and software control for programmable and reconfigurable implementations of neuron models and neural structures, they are preferred in these implementations as analog and digital programmable devices. Experimental results agree with the numerical simulations and verify the design effectiveness of FPAA- and FPGA-based implementations.

关键词： Neuron models field programmable analog array field programmable gate array circuit implementation

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Complex-order controller design examples and their implementation

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUIT THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 2024年第1期52卷 473-482页

作者： Nako, Julia Psychalinos, Costas Elwakil, Ahmed S. Univ Patras Phys Dept Elect Lab Rion Greece Amer Univ Sharjah Dept Elect Engn Sharjah U Arab Emirates Univ Calgary Dept Elect & Software Engn Calgary AB Canada Nile Univ Nanoelect Integrated Syst Ctr NISC Cairo Egypt

A systematic method for approximating the complex-order Laplacian operator by realizable integer-order transfer functions is presented in this work. The realization is performed by a simple structure where only one active element is used. Thanks to the employment of complex-order impedances, both integrators and differentiators can be readily implemented by the same core simply by interchanging the associated impedance locations. The validity of the presented concept is verified through simulation and experimental results, using the OrCAD PSpice suite and a field programmable analog array device.

关键词： complex-order controllers complex-order differentiator complex-order impedance complex-order integrator curve fitting approximation field programmable analog array

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