This study introduces, for the first time, a new design methodology that combines the unique multi-band features of thinned fractal antenna arrays with the adaptive beamforming requirements. The major challenges of fr...
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This study introduces, for the first time, a new design methodology that combines the unique multi-band features of thinned fractal antenna arrays with the adaptive beamforming requirements. The major challenges of fractal array design are the high sidelobe level (SLL), the huge number of elements at higher-growth stages, and the radiation pattern synthesis. In this study, the ant colony optimisation algorithm is utilised for thinning fractalarrays by estimating the optimum combination of on' and off' elements corresponding to lowest possible SLL, while the least mean square algorithm is investigated as an adaptive beamforming method in the proposed design. The capability of the proposed design is demonstrated by investigating hexagonal and pentagonal fractal antenna arrays under various parameter regimes. The results show that the proposed design is much superior in terms of multi-band frequency operation, array element reduction, and beamforming accuracy. This reveals the effectiveness of the proposed technique as a promising design in smart antenna technology.
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